Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C23H16O6 |
Molecular Weight | 388.3695 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OC(=O)C1=CC2=C(C=CC=C2)C(CC3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC(C(O)=O)=C3O)=C1O
InChI
InChIKey=WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C23H16O6/c24-20-16(14-7-3-1-5-12(14)9-18(20)22(26)27)11-17-15-8-4-2-6-13(15)10-19(21(17)25)23(28)29/h1-10,24-25H,11H2,(H,26,27)(H,28,29)
DescriptionSources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20826425Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27064272 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20580560
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20826425
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27064272 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20580560
Pamoic acid, also called embonic acid, is a naphthoic acid derivative, used as a counter ion of a drug compound to increase the solubility of the drug in water. Pamoic acid has agonist activity for the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35 by which it activates ERK and beta-arrestin2, and causes antinociceptive activity. Although (like other drug salts) it has been considered an inactive compound by the FDA.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL1293267 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20826425 |
79.0 nM [EC50] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20826425 |
Primary | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Electron and video-light microscopy analysis of the in vitro effects of pyrantel pamoate on Giardia lamblia. | 2001 Jan |
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Resistance against migrating ascaris suum larvae in pigs immunized with infective eggs or adult worm antigens. | 2001 Jun |
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Hepatobiliary and pancreatic ascariasis. | 2001 Mar |
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Vitamin B12 and folic acid in children with intestinal parasitic infection. | 2002 Apr |
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Strongyloides stercoralis infection with bloody pericardial effusion in a non-immunosuppressed patient. | 2002 Jun |
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Immediate hypersensitivity reaction associated with the rapid infusion of Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab (ovine). | 2002 Jun |
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Expulsion of small strongyle nematodes (cyathostomin spp) following deworming of horses on a stud farm in Sweden. | 2003 Aug 14 |
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Growth of Enterobius vermicularis in a chimpanzee after anthelmintic treatment. | 2003 Jun |
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Management of drug-resistant cyathostominosis on a breeding farm in central North Carolina. | 2003 May |
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A modified critical test for the efficacy of pyrantel pamoate for Anoplocephala perfoliata in equids. | 2004 Apr |
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Benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomin populations on horse farms in western Anatolia, Turkey. | 2004 Aug |
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Presence of immunoglobulins and antigens in serum, lung and small intestine in Ascaris suum infected and immunised pigs. | 2004 Jan 5 |
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Common intestinal parasites. | 2004 Mar 1 |
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Identification of small molecule synthetic inhibitors of DNA polymerase beta by NMR chemical shift mapping. | 2004 Sep 17 |
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Poor efficacy of the most commonly used anthelmintics in sport horse nematodes in Morocco in relation to resistance. | 2005 Dec |
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Reversal of a full-length mutant huntingtin neuronal cell phenotype by chemical inhibitors of polyglutamine-mediated aggregation. | 2005 Jan 13 |
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Field studies on endoparasites of Thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004. | 2006 Apr |
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[A case of drug eruption induced by hydroxyzine pamoate]. | 2006 Jan |
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The impact of concurrent and treated Ancylostoma ceylanicum hookworm infections on the immunogenicity of a recombinant hookworm vaccine in hamsters. | 2006 Jan 1 |
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Coprological study on intestinal helminths in Swiss dogs: temporal aspects of anthelminthic treatment. | 2006 Mar |
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High transmission rates restore expression of genetically determined susceptibility of mice to nematode infections. | 2006 May |
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Zaprinast, a well-known cyclic guanosine monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is an agonist for GPR35. | 2006 Sep 18 |
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Comparison of various anthelmintic therapies for the treatment of Trypanoxyuris microon infection in owl monkeys (Aotus nancymae). | 2007 Apr |
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Pyrvinium targets the unfolded protein response to hypoglycemia and its anti-tumor activity is enhanced by combination therapy. | 2008 |
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Anthelmintic prescribing patterns of a sample of general practitioners from selected areas in the colombo district of sri lanka. | 2008 Apr |
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Structural insights on the pamoic acid and the 8 kDa domain of DNA polymerase beta complex: towards the design of higher-affinity inhibitors. | 2008 Apr 16 |
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Micromolar concentration of kynurenic acid in rat small intestine. | 2008 Aug |
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) infection in red foxes fed infected bird carcasses. | 2008 Dec |
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Evaluation of parasiticidal activity of fenbendazole, ivermectin, oxibendazole, and pyrantel pamoate in horse foals with emphasis on ascarids (Parascaris equorum) in field studies on five farms in Central Kentucky in 2007. | 2008 Jul |
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Field studies indicating reduced activity of ivermectin on small strongyles in horses on a farm in Central Kentucky. | 2008 Jun |
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Controlling soil-transmitted helminthiasis in pre-school-age children through preventive chemotherapy. | 2008 Mar 26 |
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Education and imaging. Gastrointestinal: ascariasis. | 2008 Nov |
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Gateways to clinical trials. | 2008 Oct |
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Influence of Bi 58 Nowy (38% dimethoate) on pyrantel embonate concentration in the liver of rats. | 2009 |
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Olanzapine pamoate - blockbuster or damp squib? | 2009 Apr |
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Ascariasis-associated worm encephalopathy in a young child. | 2009 Apr |
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Field effectiveness of pyrantel and failure of Parascaris equorum egg count reduction following ivermectin treatment in Italian horse farms. | 2009 Apr 6 |
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Treatment of naturally occurring, asymptomatic Giardia sp. in dogs with Drontal Plus flavour tablets. | 2009 Aug |
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Density-dependent effects on the weight of female Ascaris lumbricoides infections of humans and its impact on patterns of egg production. | 2009 Feb 10 |
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Olanzapine pamoate: a stick in time? A review of the efficacy and safety profile of a new depot formulation of a second-generation antipsychotic. | 2009 Jan |
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Fixed drug eruption resulting from fluconazole use: a case report. | 2009 Jul 6 |
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Comparison of treatment completion rates for olanzapine pamoate and risperidone microspheres. | 2009 Jun |
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Second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injections: systematic review. | 2009 Nov |
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Patient perspectives in the development and use of long-acting antipsychotics in schizophrenia: focus on olanzapine long-acting injection. | 2009 Nov 29 |
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The control of hookworm infection in China. | 2009 Sep 24 |
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Diagnosis and control of anthelmintic-resistant Parascaris equorum. | 2009 Sep 25 |
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Anthelmintic resistance in cyathostomin populations from horse yards in Italy, United Kingdom and Germany. | 2009 Sep 25 |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20826425
Abdominal Constriction Test in Mice were used for Pamoic acid activity evaluation. Four groups of 10 male, Swiss-Webster mice (30–35 g; Ace Animals, Inc., Boyertown, PA) were used. They were then injected with saline or one of three doses of pamoic acid disodium (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg s.c.). Twenty minutes later, each mouse was challenged with 0.6% acetic acid (0.30 ml/30 g animal i.p.) and, after an additional 5 min, was observed over the subsequent 10 min for abdominal writhing behavior.
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20826425
U2OS cells transiently expressing human GPR35b and _arr2-GFP or HEK 293 cells transiently expressing mouse GPR35 and beta arr2-GFP were used 48 h after transfection. U2OS cells permanently expressing HA-GPR35a and _arr2-GFP (UGPR35_) were used for most experiments. Cells were plated onto coverslips, placed in 24-well plates, and pretreated for 1 h with 0.02 mg/ml poly-Dlysine. Cells were maintained at 37°C in 5% CO2 until ready for experiments (80–85% confluent) and washed once with HBSS before drug application and experiments were performed in HBSS. Agonist stimulated redistribution of _arr2-GFP was assessed after drug treatment for 40 min. Experiments involving antagonist were done with 15 min preincubation of antagonist for both the stable UGPR35 cells and the transiently transfected mouse GPR35 HEK293 cells. To examine reversibility of the antagonist, cells were preincubated with 100 nM CID2745687 for 10 min, then washed with HBSS five times for 5 min each before adding 1 mkM pamoic acid. Cells were then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min at room temperature followed by three washes with HBSS.
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m8376
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1493000
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100000079735
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PAMOIC ACID
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