Details
Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
Molecular Formula | C24H29NO3.ClH.H2O |
Molecular Weight | 433.968 |
Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
O.Cl.COC1=C(OC)C=C2C(=O)C(CC3CCN(CC4=CC=CC=C4)CC3)CC2=C1
InChI
InChIKey=HLJIZAKUNCTCQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C24H29NO3.ClH.H2O/c1-27-22-14-19-13-20(24(26)21(19)15-23(22)28-2)12-17-8-10-25(11-9-17)16-18-6-4-3-5-7-18;;/h3-7,14-15,17,20H,8-13,16H2,1-2H3;1H;1H2
Donepezil, marketed under the trade name Aricept, is a medication used in the palliative treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Aricept is indicated for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. Efficacy
has been demonstrated in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s Disease, as well
as in patients with severe Alzheimer’s Disease. Donepezil is postulated to exert its therapeutic effect by enhancing
cholinergic function. This is accomplished by increasing the concentration of
acetylcholine through reversible inhibition of its hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase. Donepezil has been tested in other cognitive disorders including Lewy body dementia and Vascular dementia, but it is not currently approved for these indications. Donepezil has also been studied in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment, schizophrenia, attention deficit disorder, post-coronary bypass cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment associated with multiple sclerosis, and Down syndrome.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
6.7 nM [IC50] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Palliative | ARICEPT Approved UseDonepezil hydrochloride orally disintegrating tablets, USP are an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Efficacy has been demonstrated in patients with mild, moderate, and severe Alzheimer's Disease (1). Donepezil hydrochloride orally disintegrating tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Efficacy has been demonstrated in patients with mild, moderate, and severe Alzheimer's disease. Launch Date1996 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
34.1 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9839760 |
5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DONEPEZIL blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
60.5 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9839760 |
10 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DONEPEZIL blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
2889.3 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9839760 |
5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DONEPEZIL blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
5051.9 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9839760 |
10 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DONEPEZIL blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
72.7 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9839760 |
5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DONEPEZIL blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
73.5 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9839760 |
10 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DONEPEZIL blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
Funbound
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
4.4% EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9839760 |
5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DONEPEZIL blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
4.4% EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9839760 |
10 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DONEPEZIL blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
175 mg single, transdermal Dose: 175 mg Route: transdermal Route: single Dose: 175 mg Sources: |
healthy, 24.9±3.3 years Health Status: healthy Age Group: 24.9±3.3 years Sex: M Sources: |
|
175 mg 1 times / 3 days steady, transdermal Dose: 175 mg, 1 times / 3 days Route: transdermal Route: steady Dose: 175 mg, 1 times / 3 days Sources: |
healthy, 24.9±3.3 years Health Status: healthy Age Group: 24.9±3.3 years Sex: M Sources: |
|
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Disc. AE: Bradycardia, Diarrhea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Bradycardia (0.7%) Sources: Diarrhea (1.7%) Nausea (1.9%) Vomiting (2.9%) QT interval prolonged (0.4%) Anorexia (0.3%) Dizziness (1.1%) Headache (0.4%) Somnolence (0.6%) Syncope (0.2%) Aggression (0.5%) Agitation (0.8%) Confusional state (0.7%) |
50 mg single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 79 years |
Other AEs: Nausea, Vomiting... Other AEs: Nausea (1 patient) Sources: Vomiting (1 patient) Bradycardia (1 patient) |
30 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 80 years |
Disc. AE: Myoclonus... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Myoclonus (1 patient) Sources: |
10 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Other AEs: Diarrhea, Nausea... Other AEs: Diarrhea (3%) Sources: Nausea (3%) Vomiting (2%) |
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Disc. AE: Diarrhea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Diarrhea (<1%) Sources: |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Syncope | 0.2% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Anorexia | 0.3% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Headache | 0.4% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
QT interval prolonged | 0.4% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Aggression | 0.5% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Somnolence | 0.6% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Bradycardia | 0.7% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Confusional state | 0.7% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Agitation | 0.8% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Dizziness | 1.1% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Diarrhea | 1.7% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Nausea | 1.9% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Vomiting | 2.9% Disc. AE |
23 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 23 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 73.9 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 73.9 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Bradycardia | 1 patient | 50 mg single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 79 years |
Nausea | 1 patient | 50 mg single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 79 years |
Vomiting | 1 patient | 50 mg single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 79 years |
Myoclonus | 1 patient Disc. AE |
30 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 80 years |
Vomiting | 2% | 10 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Diarrhea | 3% | 10 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Nausea | 3% | 10 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Diarrhea | <1% Disc. AE |
5 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 5 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
The beneficial effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on patients suffering from Parkinson's disease and dementia. | 2001 |
|
Galantamine for Alzheimer's disease. | 2001 |
|
Pharmacokinetic rationale for switching from donepezil to galantamine. | 2001 |
|
Switching previous therapies for Alzheimer's disease to galantamine. | 2001 |
|
Effects of washout and dose-escalation periods on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of galantamine in patients previously treated with donepezil: ongoing clinical trials. | 2001 |
|
Pharmacokinetic profiles of current therapies for Alzheimer's disease: implications for switching to galantamine. | 2001 |
|
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine for Alzheimer's disease: a rapid and systematic review. | 2001 |
|
Muscarinic agonists and antagonists in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. | 2001 Apr |
|
Present and future pharmacotherapeutic options for adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. | 2001 Apr |
|
Maintaining functional and behavioral abilities in Alzheimer disease. | 2001 Aug |
|
Maintaining cognitive function in Alzheimer disease: how effective are current treatments? | 2001 Aug |
|
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease in the nursing home setting. | 2001 Dec |
|
Unsafe prescription medication switching recommendations. | 2001 Dec |
|
Donepezil in schizophrenia--is it helpful? An experimental design case study. | 2001 Dec |
|
Alzheimer's disease: recent advances in etiology, diagnosis, and management. | 2001 Dec |
|
The use of medications for cognitive enhancement. | 2001 Feb |
|
Donepezil-induced REM sleep augmentation enhances memory performance in elderly, healthy persons. | 2001 Feb |
|
[Early recognition not hopeless. Alzheimer disease can be delayed]. | 2001 Feb 8 |
|
Efficacy of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors versus nootropics in Alzheimer's disease: a retrospective, longitudinal study. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
[Aphasia and dementia]. | 2001 Jul |
|
Use of cholinesterase inhibitors for treatment of Alzheimer disease. | 2001 Jul |
|
Open-label study of donepezil in traumatic brain injury. | 2001 Jul |
|
Chronic donepezil treatment is associated with slowed cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. | 2001 Jul-Aug |
|
Huperzine A and donepezil protect rat pheochromocytoma cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation. | 2001 Jun 22 |
|
Anticholinesterase drugs for alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome. | 2001 Mar |
|
Central and peripheral activity of cholinesterase inhibitors as revealed by yawning and fasciculation in rats. | 2001 Mar |
|
Amyloid precursor protein in platelets of patients with Alzheimer disease: effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment. | 2001 Mar |
|
Open-label, multicenter, phase 3 extension study of the safety and efficacy of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer disease. | 2001 Mar |
|
Structure-based 3D QSAR and design of novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. | 2001 May |
|
Donepezil in the treatment of opioid-induced sedation: report of six cases. | 2001 May |
|
Ameliorative effects of azaindolizinone derivative ZSET845 on scopolamine-induced deficits in passive avoidance and radial-arm maze learning in the rat. | 2001 Nov |
|
[Malignant syndrome caused by a combination of bromperidol and donepezil hydrochloride in a patient with probable dementia with Lewy bodies]. | 2001 Nov |
|
Equity in the new NHS. Evidence cannot help in all situations. | 2001 Nov 10 |
|
[A comparison of cholinesterase inhibitors and ginkgo extract in treatment of Alzheimer dementia]. | 2001 Nov 29 |
|
Synthesis and screening for antiacetylcholinesterase activity of (1-benzyl-4-oxopiperidin-3-ylidene)methylindoles and -pyrroles related to donepezil. | 2001 Nov 8 |
|
A case of Korsakoff's syndrome improved by high doses of donepezil. | 2001 Nov-Dec |
|
[Effectiveness of donepezil on several cognitive functions in patients with Alzheimer's disease over 12 months]. | 2001 Oct |
|
[Relief for caregivers. Anti-dementia drug saves costs]. | 2001 Oct 18 |
|
Economic evaluation of donepezil treatment for Alzheimer's disease in Japan. | 2002 |
|
Feasibility of vascular dementia treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors. | 2002 Feb |
|
Atrophy of the substantia innominata on magnetic resonance imaging and response to donepezil treatment in Alzheimer's disease. | 2002 Feb 8 |
|
A new HPLC method to determine Donepezil hydrochloride in tablets. | 2002 Jan 1 |
|
A 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of donepezil in patients with Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease--pilot study. | 2002 Mar |
|
A double blind placebo controlled trial of donepezil adjunctive treatment to risperidone for the cognitive impairment of schizophrenia. | 2002 Mar 1 |
|
Determination of donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection. | 2002 Mar 5 |
Sample Use Guides
Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease - 5 mg or 10 mg
administered once daily
Moderate to Severe Alzheim er’s Disease - 10 mg or 23 mg
administered once daily
A dose of 10 mg once daily can be administered once patients have been
on a daily dose of 5 mg for 4 to 6 weeks. A dose of 23 mg once daily can
be administered once patien ts have been on a dose of 10 mg once daily
for at least 3 months
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16570913
Donepezil inhibited freshly prepared human erythrocyte AChE with IC50 22 nM
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