Pradofloxacin

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C21H21FN4O3
Molecular Weight	396.4148
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	2 / 2
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[H][C@]12CN(C[C@@]1([H])NCCC2)C3=C(C#N)C4=C(C=C3F)C(=O)C(=CN4C5CC5)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=LZLXHGFNOWILIY-APPDUMDISA-N

InChI=1S/C21H21FN4O3/c22-16-6-13-18(26(12-3-4-12)9-15(20(13)27)21(28)29)14(7-23)19(16)25-8-11-2-1-5-24-17(11)10-25/h6,9,11-12,17,24H,1-5,8,10H2,(H,28,29)/t11-,17+/m0/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.drugs.com/vet/veraflox-pradofloxacin-tablets-60-mg-can.html

Pradofloxacin (trade name Veraflox) is a 3rd generation enhanced spectrum veterinary antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone class. It was developed by Bayer HealthCare AG, Animal Health GmbH, and received approval from the European Commission in April 2011 for prescription-only use in veterinary medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections in dogs and cats. The primary mode of action of fluoroquinolones involves interaction with enzymes essential for major DNA functions such as replication, transcription, and recombination. The primary targets for Pradofloxacin are the bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes. Reversible association between Pradofloxacin and DNA gyrase or DNA topoisomerase IV in the target bacteria results in inhibition of these enzymes and rapid death of the bacterial cell. The rapidity and extent of bacterial killing are directly proportional to the drug concentration.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Bacterial DNA gyrase 66 Target ID: CHEMBL2311224 Sources: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/veterinary/000159/WC500109014.pdf	Inhibitor 8297
Topoisomerase IV 62 Target ID: CHEMBL2363076 Sources: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/veterinary/000159/WC500109014.pdf	Inhibitor 8297

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Wound infection 4 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/vet/veraflox-pradofloxacin-tablets-60-mg-can.html	Curative	Approved 8429	Veraflox Approved Use Unknown
Pyoderma 4 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/vet/veraflox-pradofloxacin-tablets-60-mg-can.html	Curative	Approved 8429	Veraflox Approved Use Unknown
Urinary tract infections 205 Sources: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/veterinary/000159/WC500109014.pdf	Curative	Approved 8429	Veraflox Approved Use Unknown

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Antimicrobial drug susceptibility of Staphylococcus intermedius clinical isolates from canine pyoderma.	2005 Feb	15702997
Studies on a new device for drug delivery to the eye.	2005 Feb	15661500
In vivo tolerance and kinetics of a novel ocular drug delivery device.	2006 Nov 28	17718964
Clinical efficacy and palatability of pradofloxacin 2.5% oral suspension for the treatment of bacterial lower urinary tract infections in cats.	2007 Sep-Oct	17939554
Pharmacokinetics of pradofloxacin and doxycycline in serum, saliva, and tear fluid of cats after oral administration.	2008 Apr	18307499
Efficacy of pradofloxacin in cats with feline upper respiratory tract disease due to Chlamydophila felis or Mycoplasma infections.	2008 Jan-Feb	18289288
Retinal safety of a new fluoroquinolone, pradofloxacin, in cats: assessment with electroretinography.	2008 May	17909874
Evaluation of pradofloxacin for the treatment of feline rhinitis.	2008 Oct	18619887
Use of pradofloxacin to treat experimentally induced Mycoplasma hemofelis infection in cats.	2009 Jan	19119955
Identification of Qnr and AAC(6')-1b-cr plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance determinants in multidrug-resistant Enterobacter spp. isolated from extraintestinal infections in companion animals.	2010 Jul 14	20036084
Molecular mechanisms of Bartonella henselae resistance to azithromycin, pradofloxacin and enrofloxacin.	2010 Mar	20022937
Haemotropic mycoplasmas: what's their real significance in cats?	2010 May	20417898
Fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from extraintestinal infections in dogs.	2010 Nov 20	20471187
Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of pradofloxacin tablets for the treatment of canine pyoderma.	2010 Sep-Oct	20810550

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Administer 3.0 mg/kg bodyweight of pradofloxacin once daily.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

The MIC of pradofloxacinc was determined by broth microdilution according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards,6 within the concentration range 0.008–16 μg/mL. The MICs of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were determined using commercial stripsd on Mueller–Hinton 2 agar inoculated with a bacterial suspension (density of 0.5 McFarland) and incubated for 24 h at 35°C. The reference strain S. aureus ATCC 25923 was used as a quality control for MIC determination with the commercial strips, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Name

Type

Language

Pradofloxacin

Official Name

English

PRADOFLOXACIN [MI]

Common Name

English

8-Cyano-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-[(4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl]-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid

Systematic Name

English

PRADOFLOXACIN [EMA EPAR VETERINARY]

Common Name

English

3-Quinolinecarboxylic acid, 8-cyano-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-[(4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl]-4-oxo-

Systematic Name

English

PRADOFLOXACIN [GREEN BOOK]

Common Name

English

VERAFLOX

Brand Name

English

pradofloxacin [INN]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-VATC

QJ01MA97