p-Butylaminobenzoyldiethylaminoethyl hydrochloride (T-cain) was the most frequently used local anesthetic for spinal anesthesia in Japan in the 1940s–1960s. The market for spinally administered T-cain is almost ended. T-cain is still used for topical/infiltrative anesthesia in some specialties. T-cain may also be used as an alternative in patients who are allergic to lidocaine or bupivacaine. The side effects reported for spinal use of Neo Percamin S (T-cain with dibucaine) were hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory arrest, and allergy.