Bacitracin

US Approved OTC

First marketed in 1921

Description
Sources: http://femsle.oxfordjournals.org/content/femsle/320/1/33.full.pdf
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2003/50168slr078_cotisporin_lbl.pdf

Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Bacitracin in combination with neomycin and polymyxin B is indicated for the treatment of many bacterial diseases. The antibacterial properties of bacitracin are mediated by its binding to C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate, resulting in inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate 7 Target ID: CHEMBL2364036 Sources: http://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC389626&blobtype=pdf	Binding Agent 1076

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Infection 8 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=6d827faa-bbbb-4d1d-b806-392b29290c81	Curative	Approved 8583	BACITRACIN Approved Use Uses first aid to help prevent infection in: •minor cuts •scrapes •burns Launch Date 1948
Skin diseases 10 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2003/50168slr078_cotisporin_lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	CORTISPORIN Approved Use For the treatment of corticosteroid-responsice dermatoses with secondary infection. Launch Date 1957
Superficial infections of the external eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria 5 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/50417slr011_neosporin_lbl.pdf	Curative	Approved 8583	NEOSPORIN Approved Use NEOSPORIN Ophthalmic Ointment is indicated for the topical treatment of superficial infections of the external eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria. Such infections encompass conjunctivitis, keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis, blepharitis and blepharoconjunctivitis. Launch Date 1968

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Bacitracin: Methods of Production, Concentration, and Partial Purification, with a Summary of the Chemical Properties of Crude Bacitracin.	1948 Feb	16561454
The relative antisyphilitic activity of penicillins F,G,K, and X and of bacitracin, based on the amounts required to abort early syphilic infections in rabbits.	1948 Mar	18902256
The Action of Bacitracin and Subtilin on Treponema pallidum in Vitro and in Vivo.	1948 Mar	16561465
The Results of the Systemic Administration of the Antibiotic, Bacitracin, in Surgical Infections: A Preliminary Report.	1948 Oct	17859227
A Note on the Susceptibility of Hemophilus influenzae Type B to Bacitracin.	1948 Oct	16561599
The Use of Bacitracin in Experimental Clostridium Welchii Infection in Guinea Pigs.	1949 Oct	17859460
IN VITRO STUDIES ON POSSIBLE SYNERGISTIC ACTION BETWEEN PENICILLIN AND BACITRACIN.	1949 Sep	16695753
In vitro sensitivity of Bacillus proteus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to seven antibiotics; penicillin, streptomycin, bacitracin, polymyxin, aerosporin, aureomycin, and chloromycetin.	1950 Feb	15404235
Systemic bacitracin in the treatment of progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene.	1950 Feb	15402788
Cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase. 2. Biochemical properties and participation of endogenous cholesterol in the assay in vitro.	1975 Jun 16	1175606
Continuous administration of growth hormone does not prevent the decrease of IGF-I gene expression in zinc-deprived rats despite normalization of liver GH binding.	1998 Dec	10985758
Zinc modulates antagonist interactions with D2-like dopamine receptors through distinct molecular mechanisms.	1999 May	10215675
Nitric oxide induces Zn2+ release from metallothionein by destroying zinc-sulphur clusters without concomitant formation of S-nitrosothiol.	1999 Nov 15	10548558
Plasma apolipoprotein B-48, hepatic apolipoprotein B mRNA editing and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic subunit-1 mRNA levels are altered in zinc-deficient rats.	1999 Oct	10498758
Individual variability in the zinc inducibility of metallothionein-IIA mRNA in human lymphocytes.	2000 Dec 15	11127411
Defective antioxidant defense system in patients with a human leptin gene mutation.	2000 Jul	10965932
Reduction of oxidative stress and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) expression by red wine polyphenols in zinc deficiency induced intestinal damage of rat.	2000 Jun 1	10938463
Increased protein intake during recovery from zinc deficiency is accompanied by alterations in hypothalamic growth hormone releasing factor and somatostatin.	2001	11842894
Metallothionein isogene transcription in red blood cell precursors from human cord blood.	2001 Feb	11168427
Arsenite-inducible RNA-associated protein (AIRAP) protects cells from arsenite toxicity.	2001 Jan	11525245
The human ZIP1 transporter mediates zinc uptake in human K562 erythroleukemia cells.	2001 Jun 22	11301334
[Effect of zinc deficiency and zinc replenishment on HOX3.5 gene expression in mouse embryos].	2001 Nov	12561611
Modulation of intestinal gene expression by dietary zinc status: effectiveness of cDNA arrays for expression profiling of a single nutrient deficiency.	2001 Nov 20	11717422
Attenuation of both apoptotic and necrotic actions of cadmium by Bcl-2.	2002 Jan	11781163
S-nitrosothiols react preferentially with zinc thiolate clusters of metallothionein III through transnitrosation.	2002 Jul 2	12081484
Brain-specific metallothionein-3 has higher metal-binding capacity than ubiquitous metallothioneins and binds metals noncooperatively.	2002 May 14	11994011
Zinc inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B activation and sensitizes prostate cancer cells to cytotoxic agents.	2002 Nov	12429649
Zinc transporters in the rat mammary gland respond to marginal zinc and vitamin A intakes during lactation.	2002 Nov	12421840
Effect of chromium on apolipoprotein A-I expression in HepG2 cells.	2003 Apr	12679171
Changes in rat hepatic gene expression in response to zinc deficiency as assessed by DNA arrays.	2003 Apr	12672911
Indomethacin-induced free radical-mediated changes in the intestinal brush border membranes.	2003 Feb 15	12566098
A novel class of ligand-gated ion channel is activated by Zn2+.	2003 Jan 10	12381728
In vitro effect of metal ions on the activity of two amphibian glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases: potential metal binding sites.	2003 Jun	12798935
Zinc accumulation in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced rat mammary tumors is accompanied by an altered expression of ZnT-1 and metallothionein.	2003 Jun	12773700
Copper reduction by copper binding proteins and its relation to neurodegenerative diseases.	2003 Mar	12572668
Interaction of Tl+ with product complexes of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase.	2003 May 2	12595529
Regulated cell surface pro-EGF ectodomain shedding is a zinc metalloprotease-dependent process.	2003 Nov 14	12947092
Thymulin evokes IL-6-C/EBPbeta regenerative repair and TNF-alpha silencing during endotoxin exposure in fetal lung explants.	2004 Mar	12639846

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

400 units, topically

Route of Administration: Topical

In Vitro Use Guide

The MIC value was 32 mg/L for Staphylococcus aureus wild type strain after 48h incubation at 37°C.

Name

Type

Language

BACI-RX

Preferred Name

English

Bacitracin

Official Name

English

BACITRACIN [USP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

TOPITRACIN

Common Name

English

NSC-755905

Code

English

LANABIOTIC COMPONENT BACITRACIN

Common Name

English

BACITRACIN [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

PENITRACIN

Common Name

English

BACITRACIN [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

MYCITRACIN COMPONENT BACITRACIN

Common Name

English

FORTRACIN

Common Name

English

BACITRACIN [JAN]

Common Name

English

BACITRACIN [VANDF]

Common Name

English

BACIIM

Brand Name

English

PARENTRACIN

Common Name

English

BACITRACIN [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

BACIGUENT

Brand Name

English

BACITRACIN [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

BACILLIQUIN

Common Name

English

Bacitracin [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

BACITRACIN [HSDB]

Common Name

English

BACITRACINUM [WHO-IP LATIN]

Common Name

English

ZUTRACIN

Common Name

English

TROPITRACIN

Common Name

English

bacitracin [INN]

Common Name

English

BACITRACIN(NON-INJECTABLE) [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

BACITRACIN [MI]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

FDA ORPHAN DRUG

1284