U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C12H13Cl2N3O3
Molecular Weight 318.156
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of ETIGUANFACINE

SMILES

CCOC(=O)NC(=N)NC(=O)CC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl

InChI

InChIKey=NWKJFUNUXVXYGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C12H13Cl2N3O3/c1-2-20-12(19)17-11(15)16-10(18)6-7-8(13)4-3-5-9(7)14/h3-5H,2,6H2,1H3,(H3,15,16,17,18,19)

HIDE SMILES / InChI
TargetsConditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
TENEX

Approved Use

Tenex (guanfacine hydrochloride) is indicated in the management of hypertension. Tenex may be given alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, especially thiazide-type diuretics.

Launch Date

1986
Primary
TENEX

Approved Use

INTUNIV® is a central alpha2A-adrenergic receptor agonist indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as monotherapy and as adjunctive therapy to stimulant medications

Launch Date

1986
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
7 ng/mL
4 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 4 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
GUANFACINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: ADOLESCENT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
10 ng/mL
4 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 4 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
GUANFACINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: CHILD
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
2.5 ng/mL
1 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
GUANFACINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: UNKNOWN
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
116 ng × h/mL
4 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 4 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
GUANFACINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: ADOLESCENT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
162 ng × h/mL
4 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 4 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
GUANFACINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: CHILD
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
56 ng × h/mL
1 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
GUANFACINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: UNKNOWN
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
16 h
1 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
GUANFACINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: UNKNOWN
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
30%
1 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 1 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
GUANFACINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: UNKNOWN
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
12 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 12 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 12 mg
Sources:
unhealthy, 12 years
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD and Tourette syndrome
Age Group: 12 years
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Disc. AE: Hypertensive...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Hypertensive (1%)
Sources:
80 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 80 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 80 mg
Sources:
unhealthy, 17 years
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD
Age Group: 17 years
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Disc. AE: Cardiogenic pulmonary edema...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (1%)
Sources:
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children and adolescents
n = 513
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD
Age Group: children and adolescents
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 513
Sources:
Disc. AE: Somnolence, Fatigue...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Somnolence (6%)
Fatigue (2%)
Hypotension (1%)
Headache (1%)
Dizziness (1%)
Sources:
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children
n = 16
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Age Group: children
Population Size: 16
Sources:
Other AEs: Sedation, Fatigue...
Other AEs:
Sedation (below serious, 5 patients)
Fatigue (below serious, 3 patients)
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Hypertensive 1%
Disc. AE
12 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 12 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 12 mg
Sources:
unhealthy, 12 years
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD and Tourette syndrome
Age Group: 12 years
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema 1%
Disc. AE
80 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 80 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 80 mg
Sources:
unhealthy, 17 years
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD
Age Group: 17 years
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources:
Dizziness 1%
Disc. AE
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children and adolescents
n = 513
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD
Age Group: children and adolescents
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 513
Sources:
Headache 1%
Disc. AE
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children and adolescents
n = 513
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD
Age Group: children and adolescents
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 513
Sources:
Hypotension 1%
Disc. AE
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children and adolescents
n = 513
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD
Age Group: children and adolescents
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 513
Sources:
Fatigue 2%
Disc. AE
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children and adolescents
n = 513
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD
Age Group: children and adolescents
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 513
Sources:
Somnolence 6%
Disc. AE
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children and adolescents
n = 513
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: ADHD
Age Group: children and adolescents
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 513
Sources:
Fatigue below serious, 3 patients
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children
n = 16
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Age Group: children
Population Size: 16
Sources:
Sedation below serious, 5 patients
4 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy, children
n = 16
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Age Group: children
Population Size: 16
Sources:
Overview

Overview

Drug as perpetrator​Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
major
yes (co-administration study)
Comment: There was a significant decrease in the rate and extent of guanfacine exposure when co-administered with rifampin, a CYP3A4 inducer. The exposure to guanfacine decreased by 70% (AUC)
Page: 10.0
weak
yes
yes (co-administration study)
Comment: There was a substantial increase in the rate and extent of guanfacine exposure when administered with ketoconazole; the guanfacine exposure increased 3-fold (AUC)
Page: 10.0
Tox targets

Tox targets

Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Centrally acting imidazoline I1-receptor agonists: do they have a place in the management of hypertension?
2001
Pharmacotherapy of pervasive developmental disorders in children and adolescents.
2004
The anticonvulsant and proconvulsant effects of alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonists are mediated by distinct populations of alpha2A-adrenoreceptors.
2004
The Leeds Evaluation of Efficacy of Detoxification Study (LEEDS) project: an open-label pragmatic randomised control trial comparing the efficacy of differing therapeutic agents for primary care detoxification from either street heroin or methadone [ISRCTN07752728].
2004 Apr 29
Role of central sympathoexcitation in enhanced hypercapnic chemosensitivity in patients with heart failure.
2004 Dec
Guanfacine treatment of clozapine-induced sialorrhea.
2004 Dec
[Tourette syndrome: an analysis of its comorbidity and specific treatment].
2004 Feb
New options in the pharmacological management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
2004 Jul
Pharmacological management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2004 Jun
[Centrally-acting antihypertensive drugs].
2004 Mar
Evidence-based pharmacotherapy for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2004 Mar
Loss of glutamatergic pyramidal neurons in frontal and temporal cortex resulting from attenuation of FGFR1 signaling is associated with spontaneous hyperactivity in mice.
2004 Mar 3
Subtypes of alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoceptors mediating noradrenergic modulation of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
2004 May
Potential noradrenergic targets for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia.
2004 May
Noradrenergic alpha-2 agonists have anxiolytic-like actions on stress-related behavior and mesoprefrontal dopamine biochemistry.
2004 Nov 19
Methylphenidate an effective treatment for ADHD?
2004 Oct
Mania induction associated with atomoxetine.
2004 Oct
Pulse-synchronous sympathetic burst power as a new index of sympathoexcitation in patients with heart failure.
2004 Oct
Alpha2 adrenergic agonists for the management of opioid withdrawal.
2004 Oct 18
Enhanced visuomotor associative learning following stimulation of alpha 2A-adrenoceptors in the ventral prefrontal cortex in monkeys.
2004 Oct 22
Clonidine and guanfacine-induced antinociception in visceral pain: possible role of alpha 2/I2 binding sites.
2004 Oct 6
Guanfacine treatment of hyperactivity and inattention in pervasive developmental disorders: a retrospective analysis of 80 cases.
2004 Summer
Nonstimulant therapies for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adults.
2005
Alpha-2 adrenoceptor activation inhibits phencyclidine-induced deficits of spatial working memory in rats.
2005 Aug
Impaired visuospatial divided attention in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
2005 Feb 28
Locomotor hyperactivity induced by blockade of prefrontal cortical alpha2-adrenoceptors in monkeys.
2005 Jan 15
Aripiprazole in children and adolescents: clinical experience.
2005 Jul
G-protein-coupled alpha2A-adrenoreceptor agonists differentially alter citrus leaf and fruit abscission by affecting expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase.
2005 Jul
Yohimbine disrupts prepulse inhibition in rats via action at 5-HT1A receptors, not alpha2-adrenoceptors.
2005 Jul
Animal models of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2005 Jul 15
Neurobiology of executive functions: catecholamine influences on prefrontal cortical functions.
2005 Jun 1
The safety of non-stimulant agents for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
2005 Mar
An open-label, prospective study of guanfacine in children with ADHD and tic disorders.
2005 Nov
Recent pharmacologic updates.
2005 Oct
Lack of effects of guanfacine on executive and memory functions in healthy male volunteers.
2005 Oct
Central sympathetic inhibition augments sleep-related ultradian rhythm of parasympathetic tone in patients with chronic heart failure.
2005 Sep
Mechanism of action of agents used in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
2006
Introduction: new developments in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
2006
Guanfacine produces differential effects in frontal cortex compared with striatum: assessed by phMRI BOLD contrast.
2006 Dec
New developments in the treatment of ADHD.
2006 Jan
Effect of noradrenergic system on the anxiolytic-like effect of DOI (5-HT2A/2C agonists) in the four-plate test.
2006 Jan
Noradrenergic modulation of space exploration in visual neglect.
2006 Jan
Yohimbine acts as a putative in vivo alpha2A/D-antagonist in the rat prefrontal cortex.
2006 Jul 24
Tourette's Syndrome.
2006 Jun
Syncope in children with Tourette's syndrome treated with guanfacine.
2006 Mar
Heme coordination states of unfolded ferrous cytochrome C.
2006 Oct 15
Discriminative stimulus properties of the selective and highly potent alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, S18616, in rats: mediation by the alpha2A subtype, and blockade by the atypical antidepressants, mirtazapine and mianserin.
2006 Sep
Relative contribution of intracellular and extracellular Ca2+ to alpha2-adrenoceptor-mediated contractions of ovine pulmonary artery.
2006 Sep
Differential noradrenergic influence on seizure expression in genetically Fast and Slow kindling rat strains during massed trial stimulation of the amygdala.
2007 Feb
The effects of guanfacine on context processing abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder.
2007 May 15
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Usual Adult Dose for Hypertension Initial dose: 1 mg orally once a day at bedtime; may increase to 2 mg once a day if satisfactory result not achieved after 3 to 4 weeks. Usual Pediatric Dose for Attention Deficit Disorder 6 YEARS TO LESS THAN 18 YEARS: Initial dose: 1 mg orally once a day, either in the morning or evening, at approximately the same time each day; may adjust in increments of no more than 1 mg/week. Recommended target dose: 0.05 to 0.12 mg/kg/day (total daily dose between 1 and 7 mg) once a day, depending on clinical response and tolerability Maximum dose: 6 to 12 years: Doses above 4 mg/day have not been evaluated; 13 to 17 years: Doses above 7 mg/day have not been evaluated.
Route of Administration: Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Guanfacine and clonidine at relatively high concentrations (10(-6)-10(-4) M) produced contractions of the rat vas deferens which were antagonized by prazosin.
Name Type Language
ETIGUANFACINE
INN   USAN   WHO-DD  
USAN   INN  
Official Name English
Etiguanfacine [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
SSP-1871
Code English
CARBAMIC ACID, N-(((2-(2,6-DICHLOROPHENYL)ACETYL)AMINO)IMINOMETHYL)-, ETHYL ESTER
Systematic Name English
etiguanfacine [INN]
Common Name English
ETIGUANFACINE [USAN]
Common Name English
Ethyl {[2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)acetyl]carbamimidoyl}carbamate
Systematic Name English
Code System Code Type Description
ChEMBL
CHEMBL3039532
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C166737
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
300000034133
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
56924631
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
48412X0J21
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
USAN
ZZ-86
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
INN
9807
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
1346686-31-4
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:41:57 GMT 2023
PRIMARY