Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C19H22N2OS.ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 362.917 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
Cl.CN(C)CCCN1C2=C(SC3=C1C=C(C=C3)C(C)=O)C=CC=C2
InChI
InChIKey=WODNMIMTVRACLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C19H22N2OS.ClH/c1-14(22)15-9-10-19-17(13-15)21(12-6-11-20(2)3)16-7-4-5-8-18(16)23-19;/h4-5,7-10,13H,6,11-12H2,1-3H3;1H
Acepromazine a potent neuroleptic agent with a low order of toxicity, is of particular value in the tranquilization of dogs, cats and horses. Its rapid action and lack of hypnotic effect are added advantages. Acepromazine is a commonly used tranquilizer/sedative in dogs, cats, horses, and other animals. Veterinarians typically prescribe acepromazine to quiet agitated animals or use it as a part of an anesthetic protocol. It is important to note that when used alone, acepromazine is not an effective pain reliever and does little if anything to relieve a pet’s anxiety or fear. Acepromazine can also be used to treat motion sickness and nausea associated with car or plane rides. The mechanism by which acepromazine decreases a pet’s alertness is not fully understood. It is thought to block dopamine receptors in the brain or inhibit the activity of dopamine in other ways.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2096905 |
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Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | ACEPROMAZINE MALEATE Approved UseActions: Acepromazine maleate has a depressant effect on the central nervous system and therefore, causes sedation, muscular relaxation and a reduction in spontaneous activity. It acts rapidly, exerting a prompt and pronounced calming effect.
Indications: Dogs and Cats: Acepromazine Maleate Injection can be used as an aid in controlling intractable animals during examination, treatment, grooming, x-ray and minor surgical procedures; to alleviate itching as a result of skin irritation; as an antiemetic to control vomiting associated with motion sickness. Acepromazine Maleate Injection is particularly useful as a preanesthetic agent (1) to enhance and prolong the effects of barbiturates, thus reducing the requirements for general anesthesia; (2) as an adjunct to surgery under local anesthesia.
Horses: Acepromazine Maleate Injection can be used as an aid in controlling fractious animals during examination, treatment, loading and transportation. Particularly useful when used in conjunction with local anesthesia for firing, castration, neurectomy, removal of skin tumors, ocular surgery and applying casts. |
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| Primary | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Pulp histology after Er:YAG laser cavity preparation in subhuman primates--a pilot study. | 2002 Aug |
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| Combination therapy for footpad lesions in a captive Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris). | 2002 Dec |
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| The brain matrix and multifocal brain damage following a single injection of ketamine in young adult rats: conspicuous changes in old age. | 2002 Dec |
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| Effects of treatment with oxytocin, xylazine butorphanol, guaifenesin, acepromazine, and detomidine on esophageal manometric pressure in conscious horses. | 2002 Dec |
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| In vitro effects of oxytocin, acepromazine, detomidine, xylazine, butorphanol, terbutaline, isoproterenol, and dantrolene on smooth and skeletal muscles of the equine esophagus. | 2002 Dec |
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| Cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine and acepromazine in pregnant cows in late gestation. | 2002 Dec |
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| Effects of medetomidine-midazolam, acepromazine-butorphanol, and midazolam-butorphanol on induction dose of thiopental and propofol and on cardiopulmonary changes in dogs. | 2002 Dec |
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| Central sympathetic blockade ameliorates brain death-induced cardiotoxicity and associated changes in myocardial gene expression. | 2002 Dec |
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| [Priapism in the stallion]. | 2002 Dec 15 |
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| The effects of xylazine, detomidine, acepromazine and butorphanol on equine solid phase gastric emptying rate. | 2002 Jul |
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| The effects of doxapram hydrochloride (dopram-V) on laryngeal function in healthy dogs. | 2002 Sep-Oct |
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| Effects of acepromazine on capture stress in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). | 2003 Apr |
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| Postoperative hypoxemia and hypercarbia in healthy dogs undergoing routine ovariohysterectomy or castration and receiving butorphanol or hydromorphone for analgesia. | 2003 Feb 1 |
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| Effects of dopamine antagonists on alfentanil-induced locomotor activity in horses. | 2003 Jul |
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| The sedative and behavioral effects of nalbuphine in dogs. | 2003 Jul |
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| A comparison of the analgesic effects of butorphanol with those of meloxicam after elective ovariohysterectomy in dogs. | 2003 Jul |
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| Hypotensive effect of push-pull gravitational stress occurs after autonomic blockade. | 2003 Jul |
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| Changes in intraocular pressure and pupil size following intramuscular administration of hydromorphone hydrochloride and acepromazine in clinically normal dogs. | 2003 Mar |
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| Method for the noninvasive measurement of intraocular pressure in mice. | 2003 Mar |
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| Effects of acepromazine on renal function in anesthetized dogs. | 2003 May |
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| Temporal changes in ventricular function assessed echocardiographically in conscious and anesthetized mice. | 2003 Nov |
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| Effects of midazolam-butorphanol, acepromazine-butorphanol and medetomidine on an induction dose of propofol and their compatibility in dogs. | 2003 Oct |
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| A comparison of preoperative tramadol and morphine for the control of early postoperative pain in canine ovariohysterectomy. | 2003 Oct |
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| Analysis of phenothiazine and its derivatives using LC/electrochemistry/MS and LC/electrochemistry/fluorescence. | 2003 Sep 15 |
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| The effect of four anesthetic protocols on splenic size in dogs. | 2004 Apr |
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| Relationships between a proprietary index, bispectral index, and hemodynamic variables as a means for evaluating depth of anesthesia in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane. | 2004 Aug |
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| Investigation of the effect of acepromazine on intravenous glucose tolerance tests in dogs. | 2004 Aug |
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| Determinants of cardiac electrophysiological properties in mice. | 2004 Aug |
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| Standing sedation and pain management for ophthalmic patients. | 2004 Aug |
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| Development of a rapid screening test for veterinary sedatives and the beta-blocker carazolol in porcine kidney by ELISA. | 2004 Feb |
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| Effects of propofol on the electrocardiogram and systolic blood pressure of healthy cats pre-medicated with acepromazine. | 2004 Jul |
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| Elevated nociceptive thresholds in rats with multifocal brain damage induced with single subcutaneous injections of lithium and pilocarpine. | 2004 Jun |
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| NF-kappaB p50 facilitates neutrophil accumulation during LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation. | 2004 Jun 9 |
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| Effects of various anesthetic agents on laryngeal motion during laryngoscopy in normal dogs. | 2004 Mar-Apr |
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| Normal spatial and contextual learning for ketamine-treated rats in the pilocarpine epilepsy model. | 2004 May |
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| Sonographic features of drug-induced splenic congestion. | 2004 May-Jun |
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| Effect of meloxicam and carprofen on renal function when administered to healthy dogs prior to anesthesia and painful stimulation. | 2004 Oct |
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| Neuroleptanalgesia in wild Asian elephants (Elephas maximus maximus). | 2004 Oct |
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| Effects of doxapram HCl on laryngeal function of normal dogs and dogs with naturally occurring laryngeal paralysis. | 2004 Oct |
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| Intentional overdose of Large Animal Immobilon. | 2004 Oct |
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| Does the A-line ARX-lndex provide a reasonable assessment of anaesthetic depth in dogs undergoing routine surgery? | 2004 Sep |
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| Effects of ovariohysterectomy on canine blood neutrophil respiratory burst: a chemiluminescence study. | 2004 Sep-Oct |
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| Effects of chronic baroreceptor unloading on blood pressure in the dog. | 2005 Apr |
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| Therapeutic effects of Holmium-166 chitosan complex in rat brain tumor model. | 2005 Feb 28 |
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| Overdose during chemical restraint in a black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis). | 2005 Jan |
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| Laparoscopic nonanatomic hepatic resection employing the LigaSure device. | 2005 Jan-Mar |
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| Muscle metabolic changes associated with long-term inhalation anaesthesia in the horse analysed by muscle biopsy and microdialysis techniques. | 2005 Mar |
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| Results of 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy following premedication with medetomidine or acepromazine. | 2005 Mar 1 |
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| Analgesic efficacy of preoperative administration of meloxicam or butorphanol in onychectomized cats. | 2005 Mar 15 |
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| Gamma scintigraphic evaluation of a miniaturized AERx pulmonary delivery system for aerosol delivery to anesthetized animals using a positive pressure ventilation system. | 2005 Spring |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Acepromazine Maleate Injection may be given intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously. The following schedule may be used as a guide to IV, IM or SC injections:
Dogs: 0.25-0.5 mg/lb of body weight.
Cats: 0.5-1 mg/lb of body weight.
Horses: 2-4 mg/100 lb of body weight.
0.25 - 3 mg per kg body weight by oral administration.
Route of Administration:
Other
The crude extract of Chlamydia pneumoniae induced the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages in 45 ± 5% of the cells. Acepromazine significantly reduced the mean percentage of differentiated cells: with 10−5 M ACP, 18 ± % (p < 0.005) of the cells differentiated into macrophages and with 10−4 M the mean percentage of differentiated cells was equivalent to the control values: 5 ± 1% (p < 0.001). Viability of the differentiated and nondifferentiated THP-1 was = 98%.
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15558202
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973-12-6
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2P2K7C8D3K
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admin on Sat Dec 16 19:57:56 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 19:57:56 GMT 2023
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PARENT (SALT/SOLVATE)
SUBSTANCE RECORD
