U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS
Glucagon is a polypeptide hormone identical to human glucagon that increases blood glucose and relaxes smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract. Glucagon is synthesized in a special non-pathogenic laboratory strain of Escherichia coli bacteria that has been genetically altered by the addition of the gene for glucagon. Glucagon generally elevates the concentration of glucose in the blood by promoting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Glucagon also decreases fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue and the liver, as well as promoting lipolysis in these tissues, which causes them to release fatty acids into circulation where they can be catabolised to generate energy in tissues such as skeletal muscle when required. Glucose is stored in the liver in the form of the polysaccharide glycogen, which is a glucan (a polymer made up of glucose molecules). Liver cells (hepatocytes) have glucagon receptors. When glucagon binds to the glucagon receptors, the liver cells convert the glycogen into individual glucose molecules and release them into the bloodstream, in a process known as glycogenolysis. As these stores become depleted, glucagon then encourages the liver and kidney to synthesize additional glucose by gluconeogenesis. Glucagon turns off glycolysis in the liver, causing glycolytic intermediates to be shuttled to gluconeogenesis. Glucagon also regulates the rate of glucose production through lipolysis. Glucagon induces lipolysis in humans under conditions of insulin suppression (such as diabetes mellitus type 1). Glucagon increases blood glucose concentration and is used in the treatment of hypoglycemia. Glucagon administered through a parenteral route relaxes smooth muscle of the stomach, duodenum, small bowel, and colon. Glucagon is also indicated as a diagnostic aid in the radiologic examination of the stomach, duodenum, small bowel, and colon when diminished intestinal motility would be advantageous.

Approval Year

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
GLUCAGON

Approved Use

INDICATIONS: For temporary relief of symptoms related to increased appetite, regulation of fat metabolism and detoxification of stress.** **These statements are based upon homeopathic principles. They have not been reviewed by the Food and Drug Administration.

Launch Date

1960
Name Type Language
GLUCAGON HYDROCHLORIDE
ORANGE BOOK   WHO-DD  
Common Name English
Glucagon hydrochloride [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
GLUCAGON HCL
Common Name English
GLUCAGON HYDROCHLORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
GLUCAGON CHLORIDE
Common Name English
GLUCAGON, MONOHYDROCHLORIDE
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NCI_THESAURUS C548
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
Code System Code Type Description
DRUG BANK
DBSALT001413
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
28270-04-4
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
ALTERNATIVE
EVMPD
SUB02349MIG
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
1H87NVF4DB
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C87236
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
409-00-7
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
SUPERSEDED
RXCUI
253170
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
PRIMARY RxNorm
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1201618
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
1H87NVF4DB
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
19179-82-9
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:00:15 GMT 2023
PRIMARY