Pirandamine is the potential antidepressant drug. It is a relatively selective inhibitor of the serotonin uptake mechanism and does not exhibit appreciable norepinephrine uptake blocking activity in contrast to the tricyclic antidepressant drugs imipramine and amitriptyline. Pirandamine is equivalent to amitriptyline and greater than imipramine in potency as a serotonin uptake blocker and a potentiator of central serotonin pharmacological actions, and in contrast, does not exhibit appreciable central anticholinergic effects. Pirandamine potentiated the behavioral effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan in mice. Pirandamine, in contrast to desimipramine and imipramine, did not prevent reserpine-induced hypothermia. The (-)-enantiomer of pirandamine retained the activity of the racemate; the (+I-enantiomer was much less effective.

Eplivanserin (SR 46349) is an antagonist of serotonin 2A receptor. Eplivanserin was previously in development by Sanofi-aventis in an effort to educate the public regarding this new mechanism of action for sleep aids. Eplivanserin was reviewed by the FDA as a potential treatment for patients with chronic insomnia, but the FDA requested additional information regarding benefit-risk and development of the drug has been discontinued.

Celivarone is a benzofuran derivative with a multifactorial mode of action including class IV Vaughan Williams’ electrophysiological as well as anti-adrenergic properties. It has no iodine and has a limited tissue accumulation compared with amiodarone. Celivarone exhibits effective anti-arrhythmic properties in several ventricular ischemia- or reperfusioninduced arrhythmia models as well as in in vitro and in vivo atrial fibrillation (AF) models. Its electrophysiological properties are similar to amiodarone (multifactorial mode of action) but with different relative effects on the ion channels. At the ventricular level, celivarone shows anti-arrhythmic activities by suppressing reperfusion-induced arrhythmias (i.v. and oral routes) and reducing the early mortality due to myocardial infarction (oral route) in rats models. At the atrial level, celivarone is effective in atrial fibrillation models with restoration of sinus rhythm or prevention of AF induction and AF recurrence.

Dactolisib is a dual inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (P13K) and the downstream mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by binding to the ATP-binding cleft of these enzymes (inhibitor of PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade). It is being investigated as a possible anti-cancer cancer agent and drug against Influenza virus infections. Frequently reported adverse events included nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fatigue/asthenia, anaemia, and anorexia.

Bedoradrine (also known as KUR-1246 or MN-221), an ultra selective beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, that participated in phase II clinical trials as an adjunct to standard therapy in the management of patients with acute exacerbation of asthma who did not respond to standard therapy. In addition, the drug was involved in trials for the treatment of preterm labor in obstetrical practice. Bedoradrine is also was studied in phase I of clinical trials for its use for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, however, the efficacy for this disease was uncertain.

Clovoxamine is an antidepressant and anxiolytic drug, acting as a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. The drug was investigated in the double-blind clinical trials for the treatment of anxiety neurosis, where it was compared with diazepam, and found to have comparable efficacy but higher drop out rate.

Naranol is an antidepressant, anxiolytic, and antipsychotic drug.

Piquindone is an antipsychotic pyrroloisoquinoline derivative that binds to dopamine D2 receptors. It is a potent D-2 antagonist. It has a low potential for extrapyramidal effects and tardive dyskinesia. Piquindone exhibited relatively weaker cataleptogenic and antistereotypic activity than haloperidol, and had minimal activity in a rat chronic stereotypy model of receptor supersensitivity. Piquindone almost as potent as haloperidol, with fewer or less intense extrapyramidal effects and low potential for tardive dyskinesia. Piquindone led to moderate but significant improvements in the positive symptoms of schizophrenia and to improvements in negative symptoms just below the level of statistical significance. Therapeutic efficacy of a piquindone antagonist in Tourette Syndrome can be achieved without production of disabling extrapyramidal-side effects.

Tematropium, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that was studied as an antiasthmatic agent. Information about the current use of this compound is not available.

Cemadotin (LU103793) is a cytotoxic water-soluble pentapeptide analogue of dolastatin 15. The dolastatin peptides were originally isolated from the shell-less mollusc Dolabella auricularia. Cemadotin blocks cells at mitosis. It exerts its antitumor activity by suppressing spindle microtubule dynamics through a distinct molecular mechanism by binding at a novel site in tubulin. Cemadotin was in phase II clinical trials as a promising cancer chemotherapeutic agent. However, this agent appears to be inactive in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and other tumors and this research has been discontinued.