GI-181771X is part of a class of organic compounds known as benzodiazepines. It is a cholecystokinin 1 receptor agonist investigated by GlaxoSmithKline for the treatment of obesity. In one study, GI181771X did not reduce body weight and had no effect on waist circumference or other cardiometabolic risk markers. This negative result was later assigned to an inadequate trial design rather than compound activity. Gastrointestinal side effects were more common with GI181771X than with placebo treatment. Also, in rodents, morphological changes in the pancreas were observed after administration of GI-181771X, including necrotizing pancreatitis, acinar cell hypertrophy/atrophy, zymogen degranulation, focal acinar cell hyperplasia, and interstitial inflammation. In contrast however, pancreatic changes were not observed in monkeys or in human obese patients (in a clinical trial).

Pritelivir is a thiazolylamide derivative patented by German multinational pharmaceutical and life sciences company Bayer A.-G. as helicase-primase enzyme inhibitor that is active against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2). In preclinical Pritelivir was shown to be active when treatment was delayed to 72 h post viral inoculation and appeared to synergistically inhibit mortality in this model in combination with acyclovir. Pritelivir could be an alternative therapeutic agent for patients infected with acyclovir-resistant strains. Phase II clinical trials currently are ongoing.

Bristol-Myers Squibb was developing BMS 903452, a GPR119 agonist, for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. G-protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) is expressed predominantly in pancreatic β-cells and in enteroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract. GPR119 agonists have been shown to stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release by direct action in the pancreas and to promote the secretion of the incretin GLP-1 by action in the gastrointestinal tract. BMS 903452 participated in phase I clinical trials in healthy subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and effect on blood glucose control. However, further information is not available.

N6022 is a novel, first-in-class drug with potent reversible inhibitory activity against S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and a potential agent for the treatment of acute asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF). Decreased levels of GSNO in the lungs of asthmatics and cystic fibrosis patients have been attributed to increased GSNO catabolism via GSNO reductase (GSNOR) leading to loss of GSNO- and NO- mediated bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory actions. N6022 restore GSNO levels by inhibiting GSNOR. Inhibition of GSNOR by N6022 has shown safety and efficacy in animal models of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. N6022 reduced bronchoconstriction and pulmonary inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. The significant bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory actions of N6022 in the airways are consistent with restoration of GSNO levels through GSNOR inhibition.

Wilex developed WX-UK1 as a specific inhibitor of human trypsin-2, human trypsin-3 and urokinase-plasminogen activator. WX-UK1 participated in phase I clinical trial in combination with capecitabine in advanced malignancies to determine the safety, tolerability, maximum tolerated dose, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. However, in April 2014, the clinical development of this drug was discontinued, as part of a company restructure.

LY-3009120 is an orally available inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, including A-Raf, B-Raf, and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor LY3009120 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. LY3009120 is being investigated in phase I clinical trial.

LCQ908 (Pradigastat) is a diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT-1) inhibitor. DGAT-1 is one of the two DGAT enzymes that catalyse the formation of triglycerides from diacylglycerol and acyl- coenzyme A. DGAT-1 catalyses the final committed step in processing dietary fatty acids into triglycerides carried on chylomicrons for transport around the body. Pradigastat may decrease the level of triglycerides in the blood and is intended for the first line treatment of FCS. It is administered orally at 10-40mg daily in addition to a low fat diet. Pradigastat is also in phase II clinical trials for type 2 diabetes and severe hypertriglyceridaemia (familial hyperchylomicronaemia phenotypes I and V). Pradigastat is a designated orphan drug in the EU. In a phase III clinical trial.