Magnesium L-Threonate (MgT) is the most appropriate Mg salt that strengthens the cholinergic system and improves brain-related functions. It is used to improve memory, assist with sleep, and to enhance overall cognitive function. Mg, an intracellular cofactor for many enzymes, is a modulator of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor that is involved in memory function and depression. Experiments on rodents have shown that oral magnesium-L-Threonate also prevents neuropathic pain induced by chemotherapy.

Ursolic acid is a natural terpene compond found in a wide variety of plants but most well known for being in apple peels. Ursolic acid has a series of biological effects such as sedative, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, antiulcer, antitumor etc. Ursolic acid has been shown to target multiple proinflammatory transcription factors, cell cycle proteins, growth factors, kinases, cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammatory enzymes. Evidences suggest that ursolic acid could be used as a potential candidate to develop a comprehensive competent strategy towards the treatment and prevention of health disorders. Although the science is preliminary, it seems to be able to reduce fat accumulation and increase muscle mass gain when in a fed state, and to induce fat burning and preserve muscle mass when in a fasted state.

Dichloroacetic acid, often abbreviated DCA (dichloroacetate), is an acid analog of acetic acid in which two of the three hydrogen atoms of the methyl group have been replaced by chlorine atoms. The salts and esters of dichloroacetic acid are called dichloroacetates. Salts of DCA are used as drugs since they inhibit the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. Early reports of its activity against brain cancer cells led patients to treat themselves with DCA, which is commercially available in non-pharmaceutical grade. A phase 1 study in 5 patients concluded that DCA was safe, but wasn't designed to establish effectiveness. DCA was approved for use in Canada in 1989 (as a topical formulation for the treatment of warts and for cauterization and removal of a wide variety of skin and tissue lesions), but was cancelled post market. DCA is a noncompetitive inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum enzyme HMG CoA reductase, which catalyzes the rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. DCA has been researched in adults, children, animals, and cells as a monotherapy as well as in combination with other therapies for the treatment of severe metabolic disorders including diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, lactic acidosis, certain heart conditions, and cancer. DCA has been prescribed to reduce tumour size and tumour markers, prevent angiogenesis, reduce cancer related symptoms, manage pain, and aid in palliation.