YTTRIUM Y-90 (YTRACIS®, YTTRIGA®) is a radioactive form of the chemical element yttrium. It is used for radiolabelling other medicines. An example of its use is the treatment of some type of tumors, where the radiolabelled medicine carries the radioactivity to the site of a tumor to destroy the tumor cells.

Somatorelin is 29 amino acid analogue of human growth hormone-releasing hormone used as a diagnostic agent for determining growth hormone deficiency. Growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH, somatoliberin) is the hypothalamic peptide hormone that specifically stimulates synthesis and release of growth hormone (GH, somatotropin) by somatotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. The hypothalamic hormone growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH) acts on specific GHRH receptors (GHRH-R) in the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the synthesis and secretion of GH and to promote somatotrope expansion. Somatorelin is applied to determine the somatotropic function of the anterior pituitary gland in cases of suspected growth hormone deficiency. The test distinguishes between pituitary and hypothalamic disorders but is not suitable as a screening test for growth hormone deficiencies. Somatorelin has been used in trials studying the treatment of Aging, Elderly, Sleep Disorders, Hormone Deficiency, and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Somatorelin is 29 amino acid analogue of human growth hormone-releasing hormone used as a diagnostic agent for determining growth hormone deficiency. Growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH, somatoliberin) is the hypothalamic peptide hormone that specifically stimulates synthesis and release of growth hormone (GH, somatotropin) by somatotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. The hypothalamic hormone growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH) acts on specific GHRH receptors (GHRH-R) in the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the synthesis and secretion of GH and to promote somatotrope expansion. Somatorelin is applied to determine the somatotropic function of the anterior pituitary gland in cases of suspected growth hormone deficiency. The test distinguishes between pituitary and hypothalamic disorders but is not suitable as a screening test for growth hormone deficiencies. Somatorelin has been used in trials studying the treatment of Aging, Elderly, Sleep Disorders, Hormone Deficiency, and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Corticorelin (Xerecept) is a synthetic analog of the naturally occurring human peptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). Corticotropin-releasing factor is the predominant regulator of adrenocorticotropic-hormone (ACTH) formation and release by the pituitary. In addition to its primary location in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, endogenous CRF has also been identified in cerebral cortical interneurons, the limbic system, brain stem and spinal cord. Several studies have indicated the ability of CRF to reduce the brain edema caused by brain tumors. Clinical trials with the Corticorelin (Xerecept) have indicated that this drug has a distinct advantage over classical corticosteroids in the treatment of brain edema. Fewer and/or milder side effects have been reported for corticorelin compared with dexamethasone, although at higher doses of corticorelin several side effects, including hypotension and transient flushing, have been reported.

Polidocanol is a non-ionic surfactant sclerosing agent indicated to treat uncomplicated spider veins and uncomplicated reticular veins in the lower extremity. Polidocanol also is indicated for the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins, accessory saphenous veins, and visible varicosities of the great saphenous vein system above and below the knee. When administered, polidocanol locally damages blood vessel endothelium. Following the endothelial damage, platelets aggregate at the site and attach to the venous wall eventually resulting in a dense network of platelets, cellular debris, and fibrin that occludes the vessel. Eventually the vessel is replaced by connective fibrous tissue. Adverse reactions include pain in extremity, infusion site thrombosis, contusion/injection site hematoma, limb discomfort and some others.

Colesevelam (trade name Welchol) a non-absorbed, polymeric, lipid-lowering agent intended for oral administration. Colesevelam is poly(allylamine hydrochloride) cross-linked with epichlorohydrin and alkylated with 1-bromodecane and (6-bromohexyl)-trimethylammonium bromide. Colesevelam hydrochloride is a hydrophilic, water-insoluble polymer that is not hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes and is not absorbed. Colesevelam is part of a class of drugs known as bile acid sequestrants. Colesevelam hydrochloride, the active pharmaceutical ingredient in Welchol, is a non-absorbed, lipid-lowering polymer that binds bile acids in the intestine, impeding their reabsorption. As the bile acid pool becomes depleted, the hepatic enzyme, cholesterol 7-α-hydroxylase, is upregulated, which increases the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids. This causes an increased demand for cholesterol in the liver cells, resulting in the dual effect of increasing transcription and activity of the cholesterol biosynthetic enzyme, HMG-CoA reductase, and increasing the number of hepatic LDL receptors. These compensatory effects result in increased clearance of LDL-C from the blood, resulting in decreased serum LDL-C levels. Colesevelam is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to reduce elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in patients with primary hyperlipidemia as monotherapy and to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including in combination with a statin. The expanded use of colesevelam in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus is an example of drug repositioning.