Elcatonin is a physio-chemically stable calcitonin derivative in which the disulfide bond between cysteine residues at positions 1 and 7 of eel calcitonin has been replaced by an ethylene bond. The primary pharmacological effect of Elcatonin is its activity at specific osteoclast receptors, resulting in diminished osteoclast activity at extremely low concentrations. Elcatonin inhibits the bones autolysis and renal calcium, phosphorus, and sodium reabsorption thus keeps blood calcium at a normal level. In clinical settings, once-weekly intramuscular injection of elcatonin has been shown to significantly increase bone mineral density within 6 months and to alleviate post-fracture pain and improve Quality of life in osteoporosis

Thymalfasin, a synthetic version of thymosin-α-1, a polypeptide (protein fragment) was being developed by SciClone Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of liver disease. SciClone developed and launched Thymalfasin, under the trade name Zadaxin, for the treatment of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections. The drug is also being developed for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), hepatocellular carcinoma, AIDS and malignant melanoma. Thymalfasin exerts a dual action against infections: immune modulating and direct-acting effect. Thymalfasin exerts its immune-modulating activity through the interaction with Toll-like receptors (TLR), a group of proteins involved in the regulation of innate immunity, and in particular with TLR9 and TLR2 on dendritic cells (DCs) and precursor T-cells. Thymalfasin is also able to prevent a pro-inflammatory cytokine storm and possibly autoimmune events. Regarding direct-acting effects, Thymalfasin has been shown to increase the expression of MHC Class I and II, which are important for the antigen presentation and recognition by the immune system of the virally infected cells. v has also been shown to directly inhibit the in vitro growth of virally infected and cancer cells. Thymalfasin is not approved by the FDA but it is widely used in China and some other countries.

Calcitonin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland in mammals and studied in late 1970s postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment. The primary pharmacological effect of porcine calcitonin is its activity at specific osteoclast receptors, resulting in diminished osteoclast activity at extremely low concentrations and leading to the normalization of bone resorption and the formation and maintenance of functional bone. It also promotes the mineralization of bone, as acute studies in rats, rabbits and young pigs have shown, as well as exerting a regulatory effect on renal electrolyte excretion. The overall result is that bone mass is maintained or increased, with no adverse effect on cortical bone. In clinical trials porcine Calcitonin significantly increased the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine compared with placebo, but unfortunately did not influence the risk of new vertebral fractures.

Segesterone acetate (elcometrine), a progestin, is sold in combination with ethinyl estradiol under the brand name Annovera. Annovera is indicated for use by females of reproductive potential to prevent pregnancy. Segesterone acetate acts as an agonist of the progesterone receptor and it doesn’t possess estrogenic, androgenic, antiandrogenic, or antimineralocorticoid activity.

Deflazacort is a glucocorticoid developed for the treatment of different inflammatory and immune conditions. The drug is rapidly metabolized to an active metabolite, 21-hydroxy-deflazaxort that may cross the blood brain barrier. Deflazacort acts by suppressing inflammatory response.