ALFETAMINE (aletamine) is an antidepressant and analgesic. The pharmacologic activity profile of aletamine closely resembles that of the tricyclic antidepressants imipramine and amitriptyline. Effects shared are antagonism of RO4-1284-induced ptosis and depressed exploratory behavior, depression of spontaneous motor activity, prolongation of hexobarbital hypnosis and anticonvulsant action in mice, hypotension and potentiation of norepinephrine pressor effects in dogs, antimuricidal effects, hypothermia in rats and local anesthesia in rabbits and guinea pigs. Aletamine differed from imipramine and amitriptyline as follows: (1) aletamine exerted no apparent central or peripheral anticholinergic effect as suggested by lack of influence on tremorine-induced tremors or salivation; (2) although aletamine was less potent on a milligram basis than imipramine and amitriptyline in preventing RO4-1284 depression, aletamine was more potent than imipramine in counteracting existing reserpine depression (ptosis, depressed exploratory behavior) in mice. Amitriptyline was inactive against reserpine depression. The pharmacologic effects of aletamine differ in several respects from those of d-amphetamine. The effects of aletamine on spontaneous motor activity, hexobarbital hypnosis and body temperature in rodents and on blood pressure in dogs are in opposite direction to those of amphetamine. In further contrast to amphetamine, grouping of mice has no influence on the toxicity of aletamine. Aletamine does not appear to be an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase in vivo since it does not enhance tryptamine-induced convulsions in rats.

Veliflapon (BAY X1005, DG-031) is an enantioselective inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein, or FLAP. There are variants in the gene encoding FLAP, and the gene encoding leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) linked to risk of heart attack. These variants appear to confer increased risk of heart attack by increasing the production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a potent driver of inflammation produced in atherosclerotic plaques. deCODE licensed veliflapon (BAY X1005, DG-031) from Bayer AG, which developed it originally for the treatment of asthma.

Trospectomycin is an aminocyclitol antibiotic similar in structure to spectinomycin. The drug was originally developed by Pharmacia & Upjohn. It is a 6'-propyl analogue of spectinomycin, and lacks the aminosugars in glycosidic linkage which are thought to be responsible for the ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with the aminoglycosides. The mechanism of action of trospectomycin is similar to that of its parent compound, spectinomycin: it binds to the bacterial 30S ribosome and inhibits protein synthesis. The transport mechanism for its delivery to its target site does not appear to be oxygen dependent, and this explains the in-vitro activity of trospectomycin against anaerobic organisms. Trospectomycin has activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic organisms including Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Gardnerella, Neisseria, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides, Mobiluncus, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma spp. Results of in-vivo testing suggest potential utility in a variety of clinical conditions including non-gonococcal urethritis, chlamydial cervicitis, gonorrhoea, pelvic inflammatory disease, pneumonia, anaerobic infections and meningitis. Trospectomycin progressed to late stage clinical trials for treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease (chlamydia) before being abandoned for commercial reasons as the third generation cephalosporins and second generation macrolides in development and use were judged superior at the time.

Denzimol is a new imidazole derivative with anticonvulsant properties. Denzimol suppressed electrically and chemically induced tonic seizures but did not prevent the clonic ones. Denzimol prolongs pentobarbitone sleeping times indicating that drug binds to rat liver microsomes and are potent inhibitors in the rat of mixed function monooxygense activities both in‐vitro and in‐vivo. The antiepileptic activity of the denzimol has been evaluated in patients with poorly controlled partial epilepsy by adding on the drug to the current therapy. Although denzimol increased blood concentrations of carbamazepine, correlation analysis indicated that the improvement was more likely due to intrinsic properties of denzimol. No severe side effects were reported, although several patients experienced nausea and vomiting, which caused 2 patients to drop out. The drug did not show any mutagenic activity when compared with mutagenic standards.

Ciprokinen is a renin inhibitor discovered by Roche. Ciprokinen inhibited human renin in a buffer and human plasma with an IC50 of 0.07 and 0.65 nmol/L, respectively. In animal models, acute and chronic administration of ciprokinen lead to a reduction in arterial blood pressure. Development of ciprokinen was discontinued at a preclinical stage.

Idoxifene (also known as CB 7432), a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator, is originally discovered at the CRC Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Institute. This drug participated in clinical trials phase II in patients with locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer resistant to tamoxifen. In addition, in phase III in postmenopausal women after one year of idoxifene treatment. However, both studies were discontinued because of insufficient effectiveness.

Mibolerone is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It binds both androgen and progesterone receptors and exerts both androgenic and progestagenic actions. Mibolerone (CHEQUE® Drops) was used in veterinary for estrous (heat) prevention in adult female dogs not intended primarily for breeding purposes. No prescription preparation, human or veterinary, is currently known to contain mibolerone worldwide.

Amicycline is an anti-bacterial agent, an antibiotic of tetracycline class.