Struvite, a crystalline substance first identified in the 18th century, is composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate. Struvite urinary stones are also known as ‘infection stones’, and account for 15%-20% of all urinary stones. Bacterial urease, usually from a Proteus species, is responsible for the chemical changes in urine which result in struvite formation.

Burow invented an astringent antiseptic solution of aluminium acetate in water to relieve the itching and inflammation of minor skin irritations. At present the oflicial U. S. P. procedure to made Burow's solution involves the reaction of aluminum sulfate, calcium carbonate and acetic acid to form aluminum sub-acetate, also termed basic aluminum acetate. The solution is available as an over-the-counter drug for topical administration, with brand names including Domeboro. Burow's solution has been shown to be effective against chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa. It is active against bacteria resulting in damage to the cell wall.

Methyl salicylate (or methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate), also known as wintergreen oil, is a natural product and is present in white wine, tea, porcini mushroom Boletus edulis, Bourbon vanilla, clary sage, red sage and fruits including cherry, apple, raspberry, papaya and plum. Methyl salicylate is topically used in combination with methanol and under brand name SALONPAS to temporarily relieves mild to moderate aches and pains of muscles and joints associated with: strains, sprains, simple backache, arthritis, bruises. The precise mechanism of action of methyl salicylate is not known, but there is suggested, that it cause dilation of the capillaries thereby increasing blood flow to the area.

Zuretinol (QLT091001, 9-cis-retinol) is a retinoid. Retinoids (vitamin A and its analogs) are essential dietary substances that are needed by mammals for reproduction, normal embryogenesis, growth, vision, and maintaining normal cellular differentiation and the integrity of the immune system. Within cells, retinoids regulate gene transcription acting through ligand-dependent transcription factors, the retinoic acid receptors (RARs), and the retinoid X receptors (RXRs). All-trans-retinoic acid binds only to RARs with high affinity, whereas its 9-cis isomer binds with high affinity to both RARs and RXRs. The actions of all-trans- and 9-cis-retinoic acid in regulating cellular responses are distinct and not interchangeable. Zuretinol is a retinal derivative for treatment of visual disorders. It is a synthetic retinoid replacement for 11-cis-retinal. It is an investigational product under development for the treatment of retinal diseases caused by gene mutations that interfere with the availability of 11-cis-retinal. The therapeutic strategy with Zuretinol is to facilitate recovery or restoration of visual function by acting as a replacement for missing 11-cis-retinal and restoring a key biochemical component of the visual (retinoid) cycle. Novelion Therapeutics is currently developing QLT091001 for the treatment of Inherited Retinal Disease caused by retinal pigment epithelium protein 65 (“RPE65”) and lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (“LRAT”) gene mutations, which include Leber Congenital Amaurosis (“LCA”) and Retinitis Pigmentosa (“RP”). QLT091001 has received orphan drug designations for the treatment of LCA (due to inherited mutations in the LRAT and RPE65 genes) and RP (all mutations) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”), and for the treatment of LCA and RP (all mutations) by the European Medicines Agency (the “EMA”).

Roxifiban (also known as DMP754), a potent antiplatelet agent in inhibiting platelet aggregation, and has a high specificity and affinity for human platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex (GPIIb/IIIa) receptors. Roxifiban participated in clinical trials phase III for the treatment of peripheral arterial disorders. This drug was also well tolerated in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris and was studied in the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and thrombosis. However, the development of this drug appears to have been discontinued.

gamma-sitosterol is a naturally occurring plant steroid isolatable from plants of the genus Lagerstroemia. Gamma-sitosterol is a potent inhibitor of the complement component C1 complex, and it has demonstrated potential as a diabetic treatment in rats. Gamma-sitosterol is a stereoisomer of beta-sitosterol, which sees wide use as an over the counter natural supplement. However, plant extracts containing gamma-sitosterol have demonstrated toxicity on in-vitro human cell assays; which may discourage use as a natural supplement.