SCY-635 is a nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporine-based analog that exhibits potent suppression of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. SCY-635 has reached the phase II clinical trial for the treatment of patients with hepatitis C Infection. In addition, in the preclinical model, the SCY-635 was studied for the treatment of hepatitis-B in USA.

ASC-J9, also known dimethylcurcumin, is an androgen receptor (AR) degradation enhancer, it suppresses AR function via selective interruption between androgen receptors (ARs) and its selective co-activators (ARA55 or ARA70). This drug was successfully passed phase II clinical trial for topical application to treat the facial acne. In addition, ASC-J9 participated in the preclinical experiments to suppress prostatitis by altering the autoimmune response induced by CD4 T cell recruitment. In combination with sorafenib was shown, that ASC-J9 suppressed the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression via altering the pSTAT3-CCL2/Bcl2 signals.

MPC-3100 is a fully synthetic, orally bioavailable, Hsp90 inhibitor developed by Myriad Pharmaceuticals, Inc for cancer treatment. MPC-3100 targets the N-terminal ATP-binding site of Hsp90 and blocks the activity of ATPase. MPC-3100 shows a broad spectrum anti-proliferative activity against various cancer cell lines, such as HCT-116, NCI-N87 and DU-145. MPC-3100 also inhibits tumor growth in the NCI-N87 gastric cancer xenograft mode. Moreover, pharmacokinetics studies show that MPC-3100 displays a superior oral pharmacokinetics profile, good overall exposure and a reasonable hepatic clearance rate. Phase I clinical studies demonstrate MPC-3100 is safe and tolerated when administered at doses below 600 mg per day

Tirabrutinib (also known as ONO-4059 or GS-4059), a second-generation, enhanced-selectivity Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor that demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical models. Tirabrutinib participated in phase I clinical trial in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies, where it was well tolerated and showed promising efficacy. In addition, tirabrutinib is involved in phase II clinical trials to study safety and efficacy in adults with Active Sjogren's syndrome and in adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Besides the drug was studied for the treatment of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia and patients with refractory pemphigus.

Ionomycin is an ionophore produced by the bacterium Streptomyces conglobatus. The molecules act as a motile Ca2+ carrier and enhances Ca2+ influx by direct stimulation of store-regulated cation entry across biological membranes. It is highly specific for divalent cations. Ion selectivity is as follows: Ca2+ > Mg2+ >> Sr2+ = Ba2+ Binding of Sr2+ and Ba2+ is insignificant and binding to monovalent cations or rubidium is negligible. La2+ is also bound to some extent. Complexation with a cation is always in a 1:1 stoichiometry and pH-dependent. Essentially no binding of Ca2+ occurs below pH 7.0 and maximum binding takes place at pH 9.5. At the micromolar level, ionomycin can activate Ca2+/Calmodulin dependent kinase and phosphatase to stimulate gene expression. Ionomycin has been shown to induce central demyelination, inhibit adrenal bovine TREK-1 channels, and to regulate cell division of mature human B cells [1]. It is used to study the effects of calcium flux on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochodrial stress and intrinsic apoptosis mechanisms. It is also used to stimulate the intracellular production of the cytokines, interferon, perforin, IL-2, and IL-4 usually in conjunction with PMA.

Milataxel, a taxane that binds to and stabilizes tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization. Milataxel has completed phase II clinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer patients, and for colorectal cancer patients. Besides, it was studied for malignant mesothelioma. However, the drug has been discontinued due to toxicity issues at the dose level of 35 mg/m 2.

PF-06747775 is an irreversible pyrrolopyrimidine inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutants which provides potent EGFR activity against the four common mutants (exon 19 deletion (Del), L858R, and double mutants T790M/L858R and T790M/Del), selectivity over wild-type EGFR, and desirable ADME properties. The third-generation class of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors PF-06747775 is a clinical candidate drug for treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) driven by mutant EGFR.