Colfosceril palmitate (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) is a synthetic pulmonary surfactant, which is used in infants with respiratory distress syndrome it was approved in 1990, but nowadays it is under the state of canceled post-marketing. Colfosceril palmitate is reducing the tension and stabilizing the alveoli from collapsing.

Dimethyl succinate is the inactive analog of dimethyl fumarate. Dimethyl succinate has a pleasant, ethereal, winey odor and a fruity, winey, and burning flavor. It is used in foods as a flavoring ingredient. Dimethyl succinate was found at increased concentrations in the culture medium of the lung cancer cell line A549 and in the urine of mice implanted with A549 cells. Dimethyl succinate could be used to prolong the insulinotropic action of GLP-1 in the treatment of type-2 diabetes and it may represent a novel therapeutic approach in endotoxemia and multiple-organ failure.

Camphene is a bicyclic monoterpene, a Plant Derived Monoterpene, which possessed antitumor activity. This was found in vivo by inhibiting subcutaneous tumor growth of highly aggressive melanoma cells in a syngeneic model, suggesting a promising role of this compound in cancer therapy. In addition was shown, that camphene lowered cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) in the plasma of hyperlipidemic rats without affecting HMG-CoA reductase activity. And was suggested, that camphene upregulated Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP-1) expression and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibition was likely to be a probable mechanism whereby camphene exerts its hypolipidemic effect.

Natural bicyclic sesquiterpenes, β‐caryophyllene (BCP) and β‐caryophyllene oxide (BCPO), are present in a large number of plants worldwide. Both BCP and BCPO possess significant anticancer activities, affecting growth and proliferation of numerous cancer cells. BCP is a phytocannabinoid with strong affinity to cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2 ), but not cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1 ). In opposite, BCP oxidation derivative, BCPO, does not exhibit CB1/2 binding, thus the mechanism of its action is not related to endocannabinoid system (ECS) machinery. It is known that BCPO alters several key pathways for cancer development, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 and STAT3 pathways. In addition, treatment with this compound reduces the expression of procancer genes/proteins, while increases the levels of those with proapoptotic properties. Either as a pure substance or a component of plant essential oils, BCPO was found to exhibit antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, anticarcinogenic, and analgesic properties. β-caryophyllene oxide evidenced potent cytotoxic activity against HepG2, AGS, HeLa, SNU-1, and SNU-16 cells, with IC50 values of 3.95, 12.6, 13.55, 16.79, and 27.39 uM, respectively.