Pirbenicillin is a broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin with activity against both gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli. Pirbenicillin is less active than either carbenicillin or ticarcillin against Proteus spp. It is as active as carbenicillin against Serratia spp. and Enterobacter spp. Pirbenicillin demonstrated eight- and fourfold better minimal bactericidal concentration values towards Pseudomonas isolates than those of carbenicillin and ticarcillin, respectively. Pirbenicillin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. The drug is somewhat more stable in serum than carbenicillin. Pirbenicillin does not appear to inactivate gentamicin as rapidly as carbenicillin.

ISOPROPICILLIN is semisynthetic penicillin.

Piridicillin is the semi-synthetic penicillin. It has exhibited broad-spectrum activity in vitro against gram-positive cocci, except penicillin G-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and against gram-negative bacilli. Piridicillin is reported to be more active in-vitro than piperacillin, azlocillin or ticarcillin against Ps. aeruginosa. It is unstable at alkaline pH and displays marked inoculum independence.

ROTAMICILLIN was developed as an antibiotic that has never been marketed.

Benethamine penicillin is a medium-long-acting insoluble penicillin salt. After a single injection, this salt acts and bacteriostatic level of penicillin is maintained in the blood for three to six days.

Dalbraminol is a beta-adrenergic blocker, developed by Boehringer Mannheim.

Trigevolol is a beta-adrenergic blocking agent. It was developed as an antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive drug.

Cefdaloxime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic patented by pharmaceutical company Roussel-UCLAF. Cefdaloxime activity was the poorest among the different oral cephalosporins.

Cicloprolol is a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist patented by French pharmaceutical company Synthelabo S. A. for treatment of heart disorders. Cicloprolol has a weak beta-agonistic effect at normal levels of adrenergic discharge and acts as an antagonist at high levels of discharge. In clinical trials, Cicloprolol did not affect resting heart rate and blood pressure, but it reduced significantly peak exercise heart rate and peak rate-pressure product. The effect was especially significant in patients with sinus rhythm. The drug did not induce bradycardia or arrhyth- mias. Resting and exercise ejection rate were not affected. Cicloprolol improved the quality of life and the work capacity of 40% of patients with congestive failure due to ischemic etiology. Side effects were few and similar to placebo and cicloprolol.

FLESTOLOL is an ultra-short-acting beta-adrenergic blocking agent without any intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.