Telaprevir (marketed under the brand names Incivek and Incivo) is a direct-acting antiviralagent against the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It is a hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitor indicated for the treatment of genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in adult patients with compensated liver disease, including cirrhosis, who are treatment-naïve or who have been previously treated with interferon-based treatment, including prior null responders, partial responders, and relapsers in combination with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin. Telaprevir is not used as a monotherapy. It is necessary for the proteolytic cleavage of the HCV encoded polyprotein into mature forms of the NS4A, NS4B, NS5A and NS5B proteins and essential for viral replication. It belongs to the chemical class of alpha-ketoamids and binds to NS3/4A in a covalent but reversible manner.

Retapamulin is a topical antibiotic which was approved by FDA (Altabax brand name) for the treatment of impetigo due to Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible isolates only) or Streptococcus pyogenes. Retapamulin exerts its antibacterial action by binding to 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome.

Valdecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, is classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Valdecoxib was manufactured and marketed under the brand name Bextra. Bextra was indicated for relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and adult rheumatoid arthritis. For the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. But in 2005 FDA requested that Pfizer withdraw Bextra from the American market, because the Agency had concluded that the overall risk versus benefit profile of Bextra was unfavorable. That conclusion was based on the potential increased risk for serious cardiovascular (CV) adverse events, an increased risk of serious skin reactions (e.g., toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme) compared to other NSAIDs, and the fact that Bextra had not been shown to offer any unique advantages over the other available NSAIDs.

Subitramine is a potent inhibitor of monoamines (serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline) reuptake that was approved by FDA for the treatmen of obesity. Sibutramine is metabolized to metabolites M1 and M2 which are more active toward the monoamine transporters.The drug was withdrawn from the market because of clinical trial data indicating an increased risk of heart attack and stroke. It was sold under a variety of brand names including Reductil, Meridia and Sibutrex.

Stavudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1). Stavudine is phosphorylated to active metabolites that compete for incorporation into viral DNA. They inhibit the HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme competitively and act as a chain terminator of DNA synthesis. The lack of a 3'-OH group in the incorporated nucleoside analogue prevents the formation of the 5' to 3' phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, and therefore, the viral DNA growth is terminated. Stavudine inhibits the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) both by competing with the natural substrate dGTP and by its incorporation into viral DNA. Stavudine is used for the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections. Stavudine is sold under the brand name Zerit among others.

Halofantrine is a blood schizonticidal antimalarial agent with no apparent action on the sporozoite, gametocyte or hepatic stages of the infection. It is used only to treat but not to prevent malaria. Has been marketed by GlaxoSmithKline as HALFAN (halofantrine hydrochloride) in 250 mg tablets indicated for the treatment of adults who can tolerate oral medication and who have mild to moderate malaria (equal to or less than 100,000 parasites/mm3) caused by Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax. Among side effects is cardiac arrhythmia. It belongs to the phenanthrene class of compounds that includes quinine and lumefantrine. It was reported that halofantrine binds to hematin in vitro (crystal structure of the complex) and to to plasmpesin, a haemoglobin degrading enzyme unique to the malarial parasites.

Pinacidil is a clinically effective vasodilator used for the treatment of hypertension.

Astemizole is antihistamine drug, discovered by Janssen Pharmaceutical and used to prevent sneezing, runny nose, itching and watering of the eyes, and other allergic symptoms. The drug was withdrawn from U.S. market in 1999 due to the potential to cause arrhythmias at high doses.

Suprafen is a dual inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, which was used for the inhibition of intraoperative miosis. Suprafen was marketed under the name Profenal, however, it is no longer available in the USA.