Murepavadin is the first in class of the outer membrane protein-targeting antibiotics (OMPTA) and a pathogen-specific peptidomimetic antibacterial with a novel, nonlytic mechanism of action targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Murepavadin is being developed by Polyphor Ltd for the treatment of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP) and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. In preclinical studies, Murepavadin was highly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, without evidence of generating resistance. Murepavadin has been evaluated in 8 clinical studies. Murepavadin penetrates into lung tissue and showed encouraging results in a Phase II study when given on top of standard of care in patients with Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia. The phase III clinical trial was initiated in 2018 to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Murepavadin in adult subjects with ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. But in May 2019, Polyphor Ltd. suspended the global phase III trial for safety data review.

Delparantag is a novel, salicylamide-derived, small molecule. Delparantag is heptagonist. It acts as universal anticoagulation-reversing agent. Delparantag neutralized the antithrombotic, anticoagulant, and bleeding effects of heparins as effectively as protamine sulfate and may be slightly more efficacious against low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs). This agent was designed to restore coagulation by specifically binding to the pentasaccharide and disrupting unfractionated heparin and LMWH interaction with antithrombin. Delparantag has been shown to completely reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin and normalize blood-clotting time in six human subjects in less than 10 minutes in a phase IB clinical trial. In clinical trial studies, safety was ascertained by blood pressure measurements and efficacy was determined by measuring blood clotting time (aPTT, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, or ACT, Activated Coagulation Time). Plasma half-life elimination of delparantag is between 3 and 5 min. Development was recently paused due to hypotension noted in the studies although this may be avoided with longer administration times and will require further investigation.

Teprotide, a nonapeptide isolated from the venom of a Brazilian pit viper, Bothrops jararaca, was the first angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to be discovered and tested. It was found to be an effective, non-toxic antihypertensive agent as well as an afterload-reducing agent for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). The primary activity of teprotide resulted from blockade of the angiotensin I converting enzyme--the pivotal step in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and consequent reductions in angiotensin II levels. There was limited clinical testing for teprotide because of: its scarcity; the need for parenteral administration; and the subsequent discovery and synthesis of captopril, the first orally active angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.