Domiphen bromide it is used for the treatment of Acute Infectious Dental Diseases. Domiphen bromide is a quaternary antiseptic with actions and uses similar to those of cationic surfactants. Domiphen bromide has potent activity on blockade of human ether-a-go-go related gene (HERG) channels.

Oleandomycin is a macrolide antibiotic, which was first described under the designation P.A.105 by Sobin, English, and Celmer (1954-5). Later it appeared on the market under three names and in two forms: as pure oleandomycin ("matromycin," Pfizer; "romicil," Hoffmann-La Roche) and as a mixture with twice its weight of tetracycline ("sigmamycin," Pfizer). Oleandomycin can be employed to inhibit the activities of bacteria responsible for causing infections in the upper respiratory tract much like Erythromycin can. Both can affect staphylococcus and enterococcus genera. Oleoandomycin is reported to inhibit most gram-positive bacteria, but has only a slight inhibiting effect on gram-negative bacteria, rickettsiae, and larger viruses. The spectrum of activity on micro-organisms is therefore wider than that of penicillin and streptomycin, but narrower than that of chloramphenicol and the tetracyclines. Oleandomycin is approved as a veterinary antibiotic in some countries. It has been approved as a swine and poultry antibiotic in the United States. However, it is currently only approved in the United States for production uses. Oleandomycin is a bacteriostatic agent. Like erythromycin, oleandomycin binds to the 50s subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting the completion of proteins vital to survival and replication. It interferes with translational activity but also with 50s subunit formation. However, unlike erythromycin and its effective synthetic derivatives, it lacks a 12-hydroxyl group and a 3-methoxy group. This change in structure may adversely affect its interactions with 50S structures and explain why it is a less powerful antibiotic.

An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. Papaverine is a vasodilating agent. Papaverine is used for the treating certain conditions that are accompanied by smooth muscle spasms (eg, blood vessel, urinary, gallbladder, or intestinal spasm). Papaverine is a nonxanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitor for the relief of cerebral and peripheral ischemia associated with arterial spasm and myocardial ischemia complicated by arrhythmias. The main actions of Papaverine are exerted on cardiac and smooth muscle. Like qathidine, Papaverine acts directly on the heart muscle to depress conduction and prolong the refractory period. Papaverine relaxes various smooth muscles. This relaxation may be prominent if spasm exists. The muscle cell is not paralyzed by Papaverine and still responds to drugs and other stimuli causing contraction. The antispasmodic effect is a direct one, and unrelated to muscle innervation. Papaverine is practically devoid of effects on the central nervous system. Papaverine relaxes the smooth musculature of the larger blood vessels, especially coronary, systemic peripheral, and pulmonary arteries. Papaverine is a potent, specific inhibitor of PDE10A. Papaverine for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) is excluded from coverage.

Levomethadyl acetate (LAAM) is a synthetic opioid agonist with actions qualitatively similar to morphine (a prototypic mu agonist) and affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and smooth muscle. Principal actions include analgesia and sedation. Tolerance to these effects develops with repeated use. An abstinence syndrome generally occurs upon cessation of chronic administration similar to that observed with other opiates, but with slower onset, more prolonged course, and less severe symptoms. LAAM exerts its clinical effects in the treatment of opiate abuse through two mechanisms. First, LAAM cross-substitutes for opiates of the morphinetype, suppressing symptoms of withdrawal in opiate-dependent individuals. Second, chronic oral administration of LAAM can produce sufficient tolerance to block the subjective “high” of usual doses of parenterally administered opiates. Since the introduction of levomethadyl in 1995, the manufacturer has received increasing reports of severe cardiac-related adverse events, including QT interval prolongation, Torsades de Pointes and cardiac arrest. Other cardiac-related adverse events have also been reported, including arrhythmias, syncope, and angina. These events led to the removal of levomethadyl from the European market in March 2001. A very small number of patients may benefit from levomethadyl, but the risk of continued distribution and use no longer outweighs the overall benefits.

Lidoflazine is a vasodilator used for the treatment of angina pectoris. Lidoflazine is a high-affinity blocker of the HERG K(+)channel.

Terodiline is a racemic compound, and its main indication was detrusor instability syndrome. With effects on detrusor muscles, terodiline was used for bladder incontinence. Terodiline has both anticholinergic and calcium antagonist properties and, as a result, effectively reduces abnormal bladder contractions caused by detrusor instability. When administered to adult patients with urge incontinence (generally as a 25mg twice-daily dose) terodiline reduces diurnal and nocturnal micturition frequency and incontinence episodes. The (R)-enantiomer of terodiline (R( )-terodiline) can trigger cardiovascular toxicities, such as LQTS and TdP, which led to its withdrawal in 1991. Terodiline under the brand name Micturin was licensed and marketed in the United Kingdom, in 1986, for the management of a specific form of urinary incontinence, detrusor instability. It was eventually marketed in 20 other countries, mainly in Europe and Japan, but not the United States of America.

Perhexiline, 2-(2,2-dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine, is an anti-anginal drug. Perhexiline reduces fatty acid metabolism through the inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase, the enzyme responsible for mitochondrial uptake of long-chain fatty acids. Perhexiline is used for reducing the frequency of moderate to severe attacks of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease in patients who have not responded to other conventional therapy or in whom such therapy may be contraindicated. Heart Metabolics Limited is developing perhexiline for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Clobutinol is a cough suppressant that is withdrawn from the US and EU markets. Clobutinol was used for the short-term treatment of irritable, non-productive cough (a ‘dry' cough where the patient does not cough up any phlegm or mucus). Medicines containing clobutinol have been available since 1961 and were authorised in a number of Member States. Clobutinol-containing medicines were available in Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Finland and France. They include tablets, oral solutions, syrups and solutions for injection, and were available over-the-counter in many Member States. Clobutinol was available as generic and branded medicines, most of which were marketed by Boehringer Ingelheim under the trade name Silomat. Studies in 2004 had indicated that clobutinol has the potential to prolong the QT interval. In 2007, Clobutinol was determined to cause cardiac arrhythmia in some patients.

Azimilide is a class III antiarrhythmic agent that prolongs cardiac repolarisation by blocking both the rapidly and slowly activating components of the delayed rectifier potassium channel. The most important consequence of this is apparent rate-independent activity, so that, unlike other class III antiarrhythmics, azimilide does not lose efficacy at high heart rates. Azimilide has very predictable pharmacokinetics, is predominantly hepatically metabolized, and has no significant drug interactions with digoxin or warfarin. The most common adverse effects reported by patients on azimilide were approximately equal in frequency with those on placebo: headache, asthenia, infection, diarrhea and dizziness. Azimilide is in phase III clinical trials for the treatment both supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias.