Nivocasan (aka GS-9450) was discovered by LG Life Sciences and developed by Gilead Sciences. Nivocasan is an irreversible inhibitor of caspase 1, 8, and 9, and therefore able to prevent apoptosis. Nivocasan has been investigated as a treatment option for Hepatic fibrosis and Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis related to Hepatitis C infection. It had advanced to Phase II clinical trials before the development program was suspended.

Naringin is a flavanone plant metabolite which found in citrus fruits and in quantitatively significant amounts from grapefruit in particular. Naringin has attracted attention as a dietary supplement purported to aid in fat and weight loss. Ingestion of naringin and related flavonoids can interfere with the absorption and metabolism of certain drugs, and therefore consumption of grapefruit juice with medication is advised against. Naringin possesses numerous biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activity. It has been extensively studied in pre-clinical models of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders, osteoporosis, and rheumatological disorders, and several different cancer models.