Pinometostat, also known as EPZ-5676, is a small molecule inhibitor of histone methyltransferase with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, EPZ-5676 specifically blocks the activity of the histone lysine-methyltransferase DOT1L, thereby inhibiting the methylation of nucleosomal histone H3 on lysine 79 (H3K79) that is bound to the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) fusion protein which targets genes and blocks the expression of leukemogenic genes. Epizyme is developing pinometostat, a small molecule inhibitor of DOT1L, for the treatment of patients with MLL-r, a genetically defined acute leukemia. Epizyme is conducting a phase 1 clinical trial in pediatric patients. Epizyme is evaluating preclinical combinations of pinometostat with other anti-cancer agents in MLL-r leukemia. Pinometostat is being developed in collaboration with Celgene. Epizyme retains all U.S. rights to pinometostat and has granted Celgene an exclusive license to pinometostat outside of the U.S.

L-778123 is a dual inhibitor of Farnesyl Protein Transferase (FPTase) and Geranylgeranyl Protein Transferase type-I (GGPTase-I), which can completely inhibit Ki-Ras prenylation. L-778123 has been used in phase I clinical trials to determine its effectiveness in treating patients with recurrent or refractory solid tumors. L-778123 was also studied in combination with paclitaxel to determine efficacy as a treatment for both recurrent or refractory solid tumors, and lymphomas.

TAK-659 is an investigational, reversible, and potent dual inhibitor of SYK and FLT-3 kinases. TAK-659 inhibited the pro-survival, proliferative, chemoresistant, and activation effects promoted by the microenvironment. Combination of TAK-659 with other BCR inhibitors showed a synergistic effect in inducing apoptosis. Combination of TAK-659 and ibrutinib induced significantly higher cytotoxicity toward CLL cells. TAK-659 suppressed splenomegaly and tumor development in an LMP2A/Myc mouse model in nanomolar concentrations. In addition, TAK-659 also blocked metastasis of tumor cells into bone marrow. A phase Ib/II study of TAK-659 is underway in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia

GSK-2256294 is a potent, reversible, tight binding inhibitor of isolated recombinant human sEH (soluble epoxide hydrolase) (IC50 = 27 pM; t1/2 = 121 min) and displays potent inhibition against the rat (IC50 = 61 pM) and murine (IC50 = 189 pM) orthologs of sEH. GSK-2256294A also displays potent cellular inhibition (IC50 = 0.66 nM) of sEH in an assay developed using a cell line transfected with the human sEH enzyme. GSK-2256294 was well-tolerated and demonstrated sustained inhibition of sEH enzyme activity. These data support further investigation in patients with endothelial dysfunction or abnormal tissue repair, such as diabetes, wound healing or COPD. GSK-2256294 is in phase I clinical trials for the treatment of COPD.

LY2606368 (Prexasertib) is a small-molecule Chk-1 inhibitors invented by Array and being developed by Eli Lilly and Company. Lilly is responsible for all clinical development and commercialization activities. LY2606368 is advancing in Phase 2 clinical trials for cancer. Prexasertib preferentially binds to and inhibits CHK1 and, to a lesser extent, inhibits CHK2. Chk-1 is a protein kinase that regulates the tumor cell's response to DNA damage often caused by treatment with chemotherapy. In response to DNA damage, Chk-1 blocks cell cycle progression in order to allow for repair of damaged DNA, thereby limiting the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Inhibiting Chk-1 in combination with chemotherapy can enhance tumor cell death by preventing these cells from recovering from DNA damage.

HSP-990 is an oral Hsp90 inhibitor being developed by Novartis in a collaboration with Vernalis. It is also known by NVP-HSP990. HSP-990 is an inhibitor of human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp-990 binds to and inhibits the activity of Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation and/or immune responses.