Cefoperazone (marketed under the name Cefobid) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefoperazone has a broad spectrum of activity: Respiratory Tract Infections caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus (penicillinase and non-penicillinase producing strains), S. pyogenes (Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci), P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter species. Peritonitis and Other Intra-abdominal Infections caused by E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and anaerobic gram-negative bacilli (including Bacteroides fragilis). Bacterial Septicemia caused by S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus species (indole-positive and indole-negative), Clostridium spp. and anaerobic gram-positive cocci. Infections of the Skin and Skin Structures caused by S. aureus (penicillinase and non-penicillinase producing strains), S. pyogenes, and P. aeruginosa. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Endometritis, and Other Infections of the Female Genital Tract caused by N. gonorrhoeae, S. epidermidis, S. agalactiae, E. coli, Clostridium spp., Bacteroides species (including Bacteroides fragilis), and anaerobic gram-positive cocci. Cefobid has no activity against Chlamydia trachomatis. Therefore, when Cefobid is used in the treatment of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease and C. trachomatis is one of the suspected pathogens, appropriate anti-chlamydial coverage should be added. Urinary Tract Infections caused by Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cefoperazone, a third-generation cephalosporin, interferes with cell wall synthesis by binding to the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), thus preventing cross-linking of nascent peptidoglycan. Cefoperazone is stable to penicillinases and has a high degree of stability to many beta-lactamases produced by gram-negative bacteria. When tested in vitro, cefoperazone has demonstrated synergistic interactions with aminoglycosides against gram-negative bacilli. As with all cephalosporins, hypersensitivity manifested by skin reactions or drug fever. Reversible neutropenia may occur with prolonged administration. Diarrhea or loose stools has been reported also.

Cefotaxime sodium is a semisynthetic, broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral administration. It’s a 3rd Generation Cephalosporin that is FDA approved for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections, genitourinary infections, gynecologic infections, bacteremia/septicemia, skin and skin structure infections, intra-abdominal infections, bone and/or joint infections and central nervous system infections. The bactericidal activity of cefotaxime sodium results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. Cefotaxime sodium has in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Cefotaxime sodium has a high degree of stability in the presence of ß-lactamases, both penicillinases and cephalosporinases, of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Increased nephrotoxicity has been reported following concomitant administration of cephalosporins and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Common adverse reactions include injection site pain, injection site phlebitis, rash, diarrhea, vomiting. Increased nephrotoxicity has been reported following concomitant administration of cephalosporins and aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Cefotaxime sodium is a semisynthetic, broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral administration. It’s a 3rd Generation Cephalosporin that is FDA approved for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections, genitourinary infections, gynecologic infections, bacteremia/septicemia, skin and skin structure infections, intra-abdominal infections, bone and/or joint infections and central nervous system infections. The bactericidal activity of cefotaxime sodium results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. Cefotaxime sodium has in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Cefotaxime sodium has a high degree of stability in the presence of ß-lactamases, both penicillinases and cephalosporinases, of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Increased nephrotoxicity has been reported following concomitant administration of cephalosporins and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Common adverse reactions include injection site pain, injection site phlebitis, rash, diarrhea, vomiting. Increased nephrotoxicity has been reported following concomitant administration of cephalosporins and aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Cephradine is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Cephradine is active against the following organisms in vitro: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci; Staphylococci, including coagulase-positive, coagulase-negative, and penicillinase-producing strains; Streptococcus pneumoniae (formerly Diplococcus pneumoniae); Escherichia coli; Proteus mirabilis; Klebsiella species; Hemophilus influenza. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections (e.g., skin, ear, respiratory and urinary tract infections). Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported in patients receiving cephradine both orally and intravenously. Diarrhea generally starts 1 to 16 days after starting cephradine therapy. Gastrointestinal side effects have included nausea, vomiting. Hypersensitivity reactions have included rash, urticaria, pruritus, and joint pain. Bacteriostats may interfere with the bactericidal action of cephalosporins in acute infection; other agents, e.g., aminoglycosides, colistin, polymyxins, vancomycin, may increase the possibility of nephrotoxicity.

Cephradine is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Cephradine is active against the following organisms in vitro: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci; Staphylococci, including coagulase-positive, coagulase-negative, and penicillinase-producing strains; Streptococcus pneumoniae (formerly Diplococcus pneumoniae); Escherichia coli; Proteus mirabilis; Klebsiella species; Hemophilus influenza. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections (e.g., skin, ear, respiratory and urinary tract infections). Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported in patients receiving cephradine both orally and intravenously. Diarrhea generally starts 1 to 16 days after starting cephradine therapy. Gastrointestinal side effects have included nausea, vomiting. Hypersensitivity reactions have included rash, urticaria, pruritus, and joint pain. Bacteriostats may interfere with the bactericidal action of cephalosporins in acute infection; other agents, e.g., aminoglycosides, colistin, polymyxins, vancomycin, may increase the possibility of nephrotoxicity.

Cephradine is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Cephradine is active against the following organisms in vitro: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci; Staphylococci, including coagulase-positive, coagulase-negative, and penicillinase-producing strains; Streptococcus pneumoniae (formerly Diplococcus pneumoniae); Escherichia coli; Proteus mirabilis; Klebsiella species; Hemophilus influenza. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections (e.g., skin, ear, respiratory and urinary tract infections). Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported in patients receiving cephradine both orally and intravenously. Diarrhea generally starts 1 to 16 days after starting cephradine therapy. Gastrointestinal side effects have included nausea, vomiting. Hypersensitivity reactions have included rash, urticaria, pruritus, and joint pain. Bacteriostats may interfere with the bactericidal action of cephalosporins in acute infection; other agents, e.g., aminoglycosides, colistin, polymyxins, vancomycin, may increase the possibility of nephrotoxicity.

Cephradine is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Cephradine is active against the following organisms in vitro: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci; Staphylococci, including coagulase-positive, coagulase-negative, and penicillinase-producing strains; Streptococcus pneumoniae (formerly Diplococcus pneumoniae); Escherichia coli; Proteus mirabilis; Klebsiella species; Hemophilus influenza. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections (e.g., skin, ear, respiratory and urinary tract infections). Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported in patients receiving cephradine both orally and intravenously. Diarrhea generally starts 1 to 16 days after starting cephradine therapy. Gastrointestinal side effects have included nausea, vomiting. Hypersensitivity reactions have included rash, urticaria, pruritus, and joint pain. Bacteriostats may interfere with the bactericidal action of cephalosporins in acute infection; other agents, e.g., aminoglycosides, colistin, polymyxins, vancomycin, may increase the possibility of nephrotoxicity.

Garenoxacin is an antibacterial agent active against a range of aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It exerts its action by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. The drug was withdrawn from the market in Europe and was never approved in the USA. Garenoxacin is still marketed in Japan under the name Geninax.

Garenoxacin is an antibacterial agent active against a range of aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It exerts its action by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. The drug was withdrawn from the market in Europe and was never approved in the USA. Garenoxacin is still marketed in Japan under the name Geninax.

Cephradine is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Cephradine is active against the following organisms in vitro: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci; Staphylococci, including coagulase-positive, coagulase-negative, and penicillinase-producing strains; Streptococcus pneumoniae (formerly Diplococcus pneumoniae); Escherichia coli; Proteus mirabilis; Klebsiella species; Hemophilus influenza. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections (e.g., skin, ear, respiratory and urinary tract infections). Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported in patients receiving cephradine both orally and intravenously. Diarrhea generally starts 1 to 16 days after starting cephradine therapy. Gastrointestinal side effects have included nausea, vomiting. Hypersensitivity reactions have included rash, urticaria, pruritus, and joint pain. Bacteriostats may interfere with the bactericidal action of cephalosporins in acute infection; other agents, e.g., aminoglycosides, colistin, polymyxins, vancomycin, may increase the possibility of nephrotoxicity.