Pirarubicin is a new kind of anthracene nucleus broad-spectrum antitumor antibiotic. This compound was rapidly incorporated into tumor cells, inhibiting DNA polymerase alpha, DNA topoisomerase II and subsequently DNA synthesis. Inhibition of RNA synthesis was also noted. It is indicated as an antineoplastic agent for the treatment of the following diseases: head and neck cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, urothelial cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, acute leukemia, malignant lymphoma. Among the side effects, cardiac toxicity, alopecia and disturbance of the digestive organs were mild.

Ormeloxifene (also known as centchroman) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. It is a once-a-week non-steroidal oral contraceptive agent marketed in India and other countries under the brand names Novex-DS, Centron, and Sevista. Ormeloxifene has been investigated in the management of benign breast diseases such as mastalgia. The l-isomer, levormeloxifene, which has oestrogenic effects, has been investigated in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis, but development appears to have been discontinued because of adverse effects. Recent studies have shown Ormeloxifene`s potent anti-cancer activities in breast, head and neck, and chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Several in vivo and clinical studies have reported that ormeloxifene possesses an excellent therapeutic index and has been well-tolerated, without any haematological, biochemical or histopathological toxicity, even with chronic administration. In India, ormeloxifene has been available as birth control since the early 1990s, and it is currently marketed there under the trade name Saheli. Ormeloxifene has also been licensed under the trade names Centron and Sevista. Ormeloxifene acts on oestrogen receptors. It has a weak estrogenic and potent antiestrogenic actions. It is expected to exert a contraceptive effect and normalise the bleeding from uterine cavity by regularising the expression of oestrogen receptors on the endometrium. As a contraceptive, it prevents proliferation and decidualisation of the endometrium, enhances blastocyst formation and slightly increases embryo transport through the oviducts.

Pimasertib) (N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-3-[(2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl)amino]isonicotinamide hydrochloride; AS703026), a highly selective, potent, ATP non-competitive allosteric inhibitor of MEK1/2. It binds to MEK1/2 in an allosteric site that is distinct from, yet in close proximity to, the ATP binding site. Binding to this allosteric site prevents the activation of MEK1/2. Pimasertib continues to be investigated in patients with NRAS mutant malignant melanoma in a Phase II trial. This drug was discontinued in a combination with SAR245409 for Phase II study in low-grade serous ovarian cancer. This decision was based on the results of a futility analysis, conducted by the IDMC, which indicated that the trial was no longer expected to achieve its objective of showing a meaningful difference between the efficacies of the combination compared with pimasertib alone. The further development of pimasertib in pancreatic cancer was also discontinued, as a Phase II study in this indication did not reach its primary endpoint of prolongation of progression-free survival

Cediranib (AZD-2171) is a VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitor which was developed by AstraZeneca for the treatment of cancer. The drug reached the final stage of approval by European Medicines Agency in 2008 under the name Zemfirza (it was recommended to be taken in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy), however on 19 September 2016 AstraZeneca decided to withdraw the Marketing Authorisation Application.

Carboquone (CQ) is an anticancer alkylating agent synthesized and developed by Arakawa et al. (Sankyo Co, Ltd.) in 1970, having chemical structure, 2,5-bis-(1-aziridinyl)-3-(2-carbamoyloxy-1-methoxyethyl)-6-methyl- 1,4- benzoquinone. The antitumor efficacies of CQ were reported as excellent, however, the side effects are considerably strong. Carboquone is used to treat various forms of cancer. It is indicated for the treatment of metastatic testicular tumors, metastatic ovarian tumors and advanced bladder cancer.

Belotecan is a semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin containing a 2-(N-isopropylamino) ethyl group linkage at position C-7 of the camptothecin ring. It stabilizes the complex formed between topoisomerase I and DNA, thereby preventing the religation of DNA breaks. This leads to an inhibition of DNA replication and triggers apoptotic cell death. Belotecan was approved in Korea under the name Camtobell for the treatment of patients with ovarian and small cell lung cancers.

Nedaplatin is a second-generation cisplatin analogue with antineoplastic activity. nedaplatin forms reactive platinum complexes that bind to nucelophillic groups in DNA, resulting in intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, apoptosis and cell death. It is currently registered for the treatment of various cancers (head and neck, testicular, lung, ovarian, cervical, non-small-cell lung) in Japan. The most commonly reported adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and hair loss. Nedaplatin may also cause nephrotoxicity at therapeutic doses, especially in patients with deteriorating renal function.

Treosulfan (l-threitol-1,4-bis-methanesulfonate; dihydroxybusulfan) is a prodrug of a bifunctional alkylating cytotoxic agent that is approved for the treatment of ovarian carcinomas in a number of European countries. The antitumor activity of treosulfan has been shown in a variety of solid tumors. It is used for the treatment of all types of ovarian cancer, either supplementary to surgery or palliatively. Treosulfan is a prodrug that is converted nonenzymatically first to a mono-epoxide – (2S,3S)- 1,2-epoxy-3,4-butanediol-4-methanesulfonate – and then to a diepoxide – l-diepoxybutane, which is also a metabolite of butadiene – under physiological conditions. Such conversions are assumed to account for the alkylating and therapeutic activities of treosulfan.

Acivicin is a modified amino acid and structural analog of glutamine, that irreversibly inhibits glutamine-dependent amidotransferases involved in nucleotide and amino acid biosynthesis. Acivicin is a potent antitumor agent that induces apoptosis in human lymphoblastoid cells. Phase I dose-escalating studies conducted in cancer patients administered acivicin showed reversible, dose-limiting CNS toxicity, characterized by lethargy, confusion and decreased mental status.

Selinexor (KPT-330) is a first in class XPO1 antagonist being evaluated in multiple later stage clinical trials in patients with relapsed and/or refractory hematological and solid tumor malignancies.