Paxilline is a toxic, tremorgenic indole alkaloid produced by Penicillium paxilli. Paxilline is inhibitor of BK channels, and is widely used as a tool compound to test role of BK channels in various conditions. Paxilline demonstrated therapeutic benefit in preclinical model of acute pancreatitis, and was able to induce apoptosis of glioma cell lines in vitro.

Ginkgolide B belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ginkgolides and bilobalides. These are diterpene lactones with a structure based either on the gingkolide or the bilobalide skeleton. The ginkgolide skeleton is a very rigid structure consisting of hexacyclic C20 trilactone. The cis-fused F/A/D/C ring junction forms an empty semi-ball hole, the D ring contains a cage form tetrahydrofuran ring which occupies the center of the empty hole, and the oxygen atoms of the D,C and F ring and 10-hydroxyl group consist of an analogous crown ether structure. Ginkgolide B is one of the ginkgolides isolated from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree. The Ginkgolide B is the most potent antagonist of platelet activating factor (PAF) and exhibits therapeutic action in a variety of diseases mainly by the PAF receptor. The ginkgolide B possesses a number of beneficial effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. It promotes the proliferation, migration and adhesion of endothelial progenitor cells, and the induction of angiogenesis through vascular endothelial factor (VEGF). Ginkgolide B is considered a valid non-pharmacological (or nutraceutical) approach to the prophylaxis of both migraine with and without aura. Effects of ginkgolide B include reduction of Ca2+-stimulated intracellular events, scavenging of free radicals, modulation of central nervous system glutamatergic transmission and reduction of antiplatelet activating factor (PAF) levels in brain. Ginkgolide B is an active component of EGb, a standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves. Ginkgolide B is one of the major components of EGb-761.