Alizapride is a dopamine antagonist with prokinetic and antiemetic effects used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting, including postoperative nausea and vomiting. The anti-emetic action of Alizapride is due to its antagonist activity at D2 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the central nervous system (CNS)—this action prevents nausea and vomiting triggered by most stimuli. Structurally similar to metoclopramide and, therefore, shares similar other attributes related to emesis and prokinetics.

Oxitriptan is an aromatic amino acid with antidepressant activity. In vivo, oxitriptan is converted into 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) as well as other neurotransmitters. Oxitriptan may exert its antidepressant activity via conversion to serotonin or directly by binding to serotonin receptors within the central nervous system. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant. Oxitriptan is a worthwhile addition to the limited treatments available for obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder, two psychiatric disorders which have previously been difficult to manage pharmacologically. Possible gastrointestinal side effects are: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation or flatulence, which tend to disappear with continued treatment or, in any case, dose reduction. Other undesirable effects such as anorexia, xerostomia, tachycardia, extrasystoles, dizziness, headache, lightheadedness, tremor or myalgia may occur.

This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as androgens and derivatives. These are 3-hydroxylated C19 steroid hormones. They are known to favor the development of masculine characteristics. They also show profound effects on scalp and body hair in humans. The value of Δ5-diol as a radiation countermeasure is based mainly on its stimulation of production of white blood cells and platelets. Androstenediol used by the body to make testosterone and estrogen. There is some concern that androstenediol might increase the risk of coronary heart disease. There is also developing evidence that androstenediol might help prostate cancer cells grow. Taking androstenediol along with estrogen and testosterone pills might cause too much estrogen or testosterone in the body.

Lisuride (DOPERGIN®), a highly active dopaminergic ergot derivative with prolactin-lowering properties, has a pronounced affinity for dopamine receptors. It may also act as an agonist at some serotonin receptors. Lisuride (DOPERGIN®) is concentrated within the pituitary where it acts on dopamine receptors which inhibit prolactin release. It can be used in the clinical conditions where a dopaminergic or prolactin-lowering effect is needed.

Piritramide is a synthetic opioid that has been used formore than 30 years in parts of Europe as the analgesic of choice for the management of postoperative pain. Piritramide was discovered at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1960 and is currently manufactured and distributed within continental Europe and some other places by Janssen-Cilag. Piritramide is not available in all countries. It is marketed under the brand name Dipidolor in Germany, Lithuania, Slovenia, Austria. Piritramide is most commonly prescribed i.m. or i.v. for postoperative analgesia. It is used successfully for patient-controlled analgesia in adults 14 and more recently in chil-dren. Piritramide has potency 0.65 to 0.75 times that of morphine. Upon administration, piritramide binds to and activates mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system (CNS), thereby mimicking the effects of endogenous opioids and producing analgesic relief. The most common side effect of piritramide appears tobe a dose-related incidence of sedation. It is reported in many studies, but rarely accurately quantified. Diaphoresis, urinary retention, flushing, focal myopathy and thrombophlebitis have all been reported. Piritramide is a strong opioid and therefore is regulated much the same as morphine in all known jurisdictions. It was never introduced in the United States and is therefore a Schedule I/Narcotic controlled substance. It is listed under international treaties and other laws such as the German Betabungsmittelgesetz, the Austrian Suchtgiftmittelgesetz, the Opium Laws of various other European countries, Canadian controlled substances act, UK Misuse of Drugs Act of 1971, and equivalents elsewhere.

Mianserin is a tetracyclic antidepressant used for the treatment of depression. It was investigated as an adjuvant for reduction of negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, as an aid for opioid detoxification therapy (where it reduced symptoms but lead to higher drop-out rate), and for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (where it was ineffective). Mianserin has a broad spectrum of activity with the most potent binding to 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, H1, alpha2A and alpha2C receptor.

Perlapine ‎is a sedative and hypnotic drug.The drug brand named Hypnodin contains generic salt-Perlapine and is manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical. Perlapine is a potent H1R inverse agonist. It showed robust sedative effects clinically. Perlapine belongs to antipsychotic drugs which elicit little or no Parkinsonism, it binds more loosely than dopamine to D2 receptors.

Pyrethrins are natural insecticides derived from chrysanthemum flowers containing a mixture of six components: pyrethrin I, cinerin I, jasmolin I, pyrethrin II, cinerin II, and jasmolin II. Pyrethrins induce a toxic effect in insects when they penetrate the cuticle and reach the nervous system. Pyrethrins bind to sodium channels that occur along the length of nerve cells. Sodium channels are responsible for nerve signal transmission along the length of the nerve cell by permitting the flux of sodium ions. When pyrethrins bind to sodium channels, normal function of the channels is obstructed thereby resulting in hyperexcitation of the nerve cell and, consequently, a loss of function of the nerve cell. The shutdown of the insect nervous system and death are most often the consequences of insect exposure to pyrethrins. Pyrethrin II has strong activity against Plasmodium falciparum.

Pyrethrins are natural insecticides derived from chrysanthemum flowers containing a mixture of six components: pyrethrin I, cinerin I, jasmolin I, pyrethrin II, cinerin II, and jasmolin II. Pyrethrin I is one of the two pyrethrins, natural organic compounds with potent insecticidal activity. It is an ester of ( )-trans-chrysanthemic acid with (S)-(Z)-pyrethrolone. Pyrethrins induce a toxic effect in insects when they penetrate the cuticle and reach the nervous system. Pyrethrins bind to sodium channels that occur along the length of nerve cells. Sodium channels are responsible for nerve signal transmission along the length of the nerve cell by permitting the flux of sodium ions. When pyrethrins bind to sodium channels, normal function of the channels is obstructed thereby resulting in hyperexcitation of the nerve cell and, consequently, a loss of function of the nerve cell. The shutdown of the insect nervous system and death are most often the consequences of insect exposure to pyrethrins.

Metergoline is a psychoactive drug of the ergoline chemical class which acts as a ligand for various serotonin and dopamine receptors. Metergoline is an antagonist at various 5-HT receptor subtypes at a relatively low concentration and an agonist at dopamine receptors. Its use has been studied in various clinical settings such as a treatment for seasonal affective disorder, prolactin hormone regulation due to its inhibitory effect on prolactin release premenstrual dysphoric disorder in women and antianxiety treatment