2-[4-(CYCLOHEXYLMETHYL)-1-PIPERAZINYL]-8-NITRO-6-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-4H-1,3-BENZOTHIAZIN-4-ONE (Macozinone, PBTZ169) is a piperazinobenzothiazinone derivative optimized by medicinal chemistry from the lead BTZ043. Macozinone is a tuberculosis (TB) drug candidate that specifically targets the essential flavoenzyme DprE1, thereby blocking synthesis of the cell wall precursor decaprenyl phosphoarabinose (DPA) and provoking lysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The company Nearmedic Plus leads PBTZ169 development for the Russian market and associated countries and has completed an open-labelled, dose-escalation phase I study in healthy male volunteers followed by a Multiple Ascending Dose in 2016. In 2017, a phase IIa EBA study (monotherapy during 14 days) was initiated in DS-TB patients in Russia and Belarus. It was completed in February 2018 with 16 patients enrolled. Nearmedic Plus indicated it confirmed the good safety in DS-TB patients and the statistically significant EBA after 14 days monotherapy in the group of 7 patients treated with 640 mg of PBTZ169. The EPFL-based non-profit Innovative Medicines for Tuberculosis (iM4TB) foundation (Lausanne, Switzerland) is leading PBTZ169 development in the rest of the world.

Beclotiamine (or chloroethyl thiamine) had been studied for veterinary and showed anticoccidial activity against Eimeria tenella, although metabolites and related substances were inactive. Information about the nowadays application of this compound is not available.

WS-12 is a cooling agent and potent TRPM8 agonist. It activates TRPM8 but not related TRP channels like TRPM3 and TRPV6. WS-12 seems to activate TRPM8 mediated cation currents by shifting the voltage dependence of the activation curves to the left toward more physiological membrane potentials. Highly selective TRPM8 activators may be useful for prostate cancer imaging and/or therapy and for therapy in chronic neuropathic pain states.

Pexiganan is a 22-amino-acid synthetic cationic peptide. It is an analog of magainin 2, which is a host defense peptide isolated from frog skin. The drug is thought to act by disturbing the permeability of the cell membrane or cell wall. Pexiganan exhibited in vitro broad-spectrum antibacterial activity when it was tested against 3,109 clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative, anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. It is currently in phase 3 clinical trials as a topical antimicrobial agent for the treatment of mild infections associated with diabetic foot ulcers. In vitro data for pexiganan acetate suggest that the drug does have hemolytic activity at concentrations relevant for antibacterial activity. In association with tigecycline, pexiganan administration could overcome antibiotic resistance and increase the effectiveness of treatment against P. aeruginosa sepsis.

Semparatide (previously known as RS-66271) was developed as an analog of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) with shortening the time for fracture healing. Experiments on animals have shown that this compound was an effective therapy for preventing impaired bone healing caused by prednisone. Clinical trials with postmenopausal osteoporotic women have revealed that semparatide cause sustained increases in the spine. However, further, development appears to have been discontinued by Roche.