Deslorelin is an GnRH agonist used in veterinary. It effects contraception by temporarily suppressing the reproductive endocrine system and preventing production of pituitary (FSH and LH) and gonadal hormones (estradiol and progesterone in females and testosterone in males). The observed effects are similar to those following ovariectomy or castration, but are reversed after the hormone content of the implant is depleted or the implant is removed. As an agonist, deslorelin first stimulates the reproductive system, which can result in estrus and ovulation in females or temporary enhancement of testosterone and semen production in males. Then, down-regulation follows the initial period of stimulation. Although deslorelin can also be an effective contraceptive in males of some species, manufacturer recommends its use primarily in females, since monitoring efficacy in females by suppression of estrous behavior or of gonadal steroids in feces is more straightforward than ensuring continued absence of sperm in males, since most institutions cannot perform regular semen collections. It can, however, be used to ameliorate aggression in males of some species, but higher dosages are usually needed. While the major application of deslorelin was initially male contraception, due to its two differing actions, either the stimulation of oestrus or the sterilization of fertility, its use has been increasing in the bitch as well. SUPRELORIN® F (deslorelin acetate) Implant is a once-yearly, subcutaneous implant that assists in the management of adrenal disease in ferrets.

Astaxanthin (ATX), a red-orange carotenoid that originates the pink or red color of salmon, trout, lobster, shrimp, and other sea organisms, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. Recently, ATX was shown to protect neurons in experimental models of acute injuries, chronic neurodegenerative disorders, and neurological diseases and was proposed as a beneficial strategy to treat neurological diseases. In addition, ATX chelates several metal ions, preventing metal ion-induced oxidative stress, it has anti-inflammatory properties and it acts as a damper of singlet oxygen levels. Being a part of naturally derived supplements Oncotris™ in genitourinary cancer patients was revealed, that astaxanthin could support the body to overcome the treatment-related toxicities - and the relative oxidative stress in cancer patients.

Ornithine is an amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine. It is a central part of the urea cycle, which allows for the disposal of excess nitrogen. Ornithine is also a precursor of citrulline and arginine. Arginine stimulates the pituitary release of growth hormone. Burns or other injuries affect the state of arginine in tissues throughout the body. As de novo synthesis of arginine during these conditions is usually not sufficient for normal immune function, nor for normal protein synthesis, ornithine may have immunomodulatory and wound-healing activities under these conditions (by virtue of its metabolism to arginine).

Azadirachtin, a complex tetranortriterpenoid limonoid from the neem seeds, is one of the most effective botanical insecticides and has been widely used in pest control, having very low mammalian toxicity. Recent toxicological reports showed that azadirachtin could induce apoptosis in various insect cell lines by dysregulating InR- and PI3K/AKT/TOR pathways, then stimulated apoptosis by activating tAtg5.

Muscone is the key flavor component of musk that is one of the most popular natural perfumes. Muscone is a promising agent for treating intervertebral disc degeneration through its anti-inflammatory effects. Musk distributing into the brain through blood brain barrier provides the basis for its effect in treating brain disorders. Muscone may be a small active molecule with neuroprotective properties, and that inhibition of apoptosis and Fas is an important mechanism of neuroprotection by muscone. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for muscone in the treatment of stroke. Muscone has a protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in cardiac myocytes, indicating that muscone may potentially provide therapeutic benefit in ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting cellular oxidative stress and apoptosis.