Gemcabene calcium (PD 72953), the monocalcium salt of a dialkyl ether dicarboxylic acid, is a lipid-regulating compound that was first described in 1998. It down-regulates apolipoprotein C-III expression, enhancing the clearance of very low density lipoprotein (LDL), and reduces plasma triglycerides. It also raises high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL). Unlike fibrates (blood trygliceride level lowering drugs), its mechanism of action is not linked to agonist or antagonist activity on PPAR-α receptors. There is limited information on the exact mechanism of action, but an anti-inflammatory profile was found, associated with a lowered expression of the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein gene regulating mechanisms. Gemcabene (administered as 6, 6’-oxybis [2, 2-dimethyl-4-hexanoic acid] monocalcium salt) has been investigated for treatment in a wide range of hyperlipidaemias, as well as atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disorders. Gemcabene is generally well tolerated. One phase 2 study testing the preliminary efficacy and safety of gemcabene in children with established nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been stopped early due to increasing weight and a rise in liver fat content in patients. Clinical trials are still ongoing.