DescriptionCurator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including:
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=317cc880-73fe-4561-897e-41489108b3ba
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00803
http://www.rxlist.com/coly-mycin-s-otic-drug.htm
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/antimicrobialResistance/Pages/colistin.aspx
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including:
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=317cc880-73fe-4561-897e-41489108b3ba
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00803
http://www.rxlist.com/coly-mycin-s-otic-drug.htm
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/antimicrobialResistance/Pages/colistin.aspx
Colistin sulfate is a polypeptide antibiotic which penetrates into and disrupts the bacterial cell membrane. It is a cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C). Colistin was first isolated in Japan in 1949 from a flask of fermenting Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus and became available for clinical use in 1959. The following local adverse events have been reported with topical corticosteroids, especially under occlusive dressings: burning, itching, irritation, dryness, folliculitis, hypertrichosis, etc. Healthcare providers had largely stopped using colistin in the 1970s because of its toxicity. However, with antibacterial resistance on the rise, colistin is increasingly being used today to treat severe, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, particularly among intensive care-based patients. The problem with re-introducing an older drug, such as colistin, though, is that techniques for evaluating new drugs have evolved since the 1950s, and therefore, little is known about the dose needed to effectively fight infection while limiting the potential emergence of antimicrobial resistance and reducing potentially toxic side effects. More data are needed to guide optimal use of these older medications. An international team of NIAID-funded researchers is making progress in obtaining better dosing information about colistin and how best to use the antibiotic to treat Gram-negative bacterial infections. Resistance to colistin is rare. The first colistin-resistance gene that is carried in a plasmid and can be transferred between bacterial strains was described in 2016. This plasmid-borne mcr-1 gene has since been isolated in China, Europeand the United States.
Originator
Sources: http://www.cfmedicine.com/cfdocs/cftext/colistin.htm
Curator's Comment: Colistin was first discovered by Koyama et al. in 1949.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: Bacterial outer membrane Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00803 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Curative | COLY-MYCIN S Approved UseCortisporin®-TC Otic Suspension is indicated for the treatment of superficial bacterial infections of the external auditory canal, caused by organisms susceptible to the action of the antibiotics; and for the treatment of infections of mastoidectomy and fenestration cavities, caused by organisms susceptible to the antibiotics. Launch Date1962 |
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Curative | COLY-MYCIN S Approved UseCortisporin®-TC Otic Suspension is indicated for the treatment of superficial bacterial infections of the external auditory canal, caused by organisms susceptible to the action of the antibiotics; and for the treatment of infections of mastoidectomy and fenestration cavities, caused by organisms susceptible to the antibiotics. Launch Date1962 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Antibacterial agents in renal failure. | 1971 May 29 |
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Myopathy caused by polymyxin E: functional disorder of the cell membrane. | 1974 Dec |
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Therapeutic efficacy of tobramycin--a clinical and laboratory evaluation. | 1975 Dec |
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Further studies on effects of irrigation solutions on rat bladders. | 1976 Dec |
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Deafness and biochemical imbalance after burns treatment with topical antibiotics in young children. Report of 6 cases. | 1978 Apr |
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Emerging treatments in cystic fibrosis. | 2009 Oct 1 |
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Synergy of the antibiotic colistin with echinocandin antifungals in Candida species. | 2013 Jun |
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Early prediction of polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity with next-generation urinary kidney injury biomarkers. | 2014 Feb |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Curator's Comment: Therapy with Coly-Mycin S (Colistin-containing suspension) should be limited to 10 days.
For adults, 5 drops of the suspension into the affected ear 3 or 4 times daily. For pediatric patients, 4 drops are suggested.
Route of Administration:
Otic (auricular)
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4015067
Lethal concentrations of colistin of 50 and 100 µg/ml caused about 90 and 99% cell death, respectively.
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