Details
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C18H25NO.BrH |
Molecular Weight | 352.309 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 3 / 3 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
Br.[H][C@]12CCCC[C@]13CCN(C)[C@H]2CC4=CC=C(OC)C=C34
InChI
InChIKey=MISZALMBODQYFT-URVXVIKDSA-N
InChI=1S/C18H25NO.BrH/c1-19-10-9-18-8-4-3-5-15(18)17(19)11-13-6-7-14(20-2)12-16(13)18;/h6-7,12,15,17H,3-5,8-11H2,1-2H3;1H/t15-,17+,18+;/m1./s1
Molecular Formula | BrH |
Molecular Weight | 80.912 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Molecular Formula | C18H25NO |
Molecular Weight | 271.3972 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 3 / 3 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
DescriptionSources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27139517Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2694543
http://www.who.int/medicines/areas/quality_safety/5.1Dextromethorphan_pre-review.pdf
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21620_mucinex_lbl.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25420446
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27139517
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2694543
http://www.who.int/medicines/areas/quality_safety/5.1Dextromethorphan_pre-review.pdf
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21620_mucinex_lbl.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25420446
Dextromethorphan is a non-narcotic morphine derivative widely used as an antitussive for almost 40 years. It has attracted attention due to its anticonvulsant and neuroprotective properties. It is a cough suppressant in many over-the-counter cold and cough medicines. In 2010, the FDA approved the combination product dextromethorphan/quinidine for the treatment of pseudobulbar affect. Dextromethorphan suppresses the cough reflex by a direct action on the cough center in the medulla of the brain. Dextromethorphan shows high-affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used antitussives and is used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity. Dextromethorphan (DM) is a sigma-1 receptor agonist and an uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist. The mechanism by which dextromethorphan exerts therapeutic effects in patients with pseudobulbar affect is unknown. Dextromethorphan should not be taken with monoamine oxidase inhibitors due to the potential for serotonin syndrome. Dextromethorphan is extensively metabolized by CYP2D6 to dextrorphan, which is rapidly glucuronidated and unable to cross the blood-brain barrier.
CNS Activity
Originator
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24678061
Curator's Comment: # in a Swiss and US patent application from Hoffmann-La Roche in 1946 and 1947, respectively
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL287 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15723099 |
205.0 nM [Ki] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL4787 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2897648 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | MUCINEX DM Approved UseHelps loosen phlegm (mucus) and thin bronchial secretions to rid the bronchial passageways of bothersome mucus and make coughs more productive: temporarily relieves: cough due to minor throat and bronchial irritation as may occur with the common cold or inhaled irritants; the intensity of coughing; the impulse to cough to help you get to sleep Launch Date1.08319677E12 |
|||
Primary | NUEDEXTA Approved UseNUEDEXTA is indicated for the treatment of pseudobulbar affect (PBA). PBA occurs secondary to a variety of otherwise unrelated neurologic conditions, and is characterized by involuntary, sudden, and frequent episodes of laughing and/or crying. PBA episodes typically occur out of proportion or incongruent to the underlying emotional state. PBA is a specific condition, distinct from other types of emotional lability that may occur in patients with neurological disease or injury. Launch Date1.28580479E12 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
4.2 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
45 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 45 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
7.7 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
60 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
95.5 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
15.9 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg single, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
2.9 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
123.5 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTRORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
124.9 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg single, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTRORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
599 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
45 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 45 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTRORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
709 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
60 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTRORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
32 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
45 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 45 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
52 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
60 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1049 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
133.3 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg single, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
17.8 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1000.5 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTRORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
933.8 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg single, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTRORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
2898 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
45 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 45 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTRORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
3608 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
60 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 60 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
DEXTRORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
68 nM*h Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01361217 |
30 mg single, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: oral experiment type: single co-administered: |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: healthy age: adults sex: food status: |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
13.1 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342614/ |
30 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 30 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: QUINIDINE |
DEXTROMETHORPHAN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
50 mg 4 times / day steady, oral Dose: 50 mg, 4 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 50 mg, 4 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 19-52 years n = 16 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: chronic intractable partial onset seizures Age Group: 19-52 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 16 Sources: |
|
960 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 960 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 960 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 19-67 years n = 11 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Huntington's disease Age Group: 19-67 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 11 Sources: |
|
120 mg single, oral Recommended |
healthy, 26.5 years n = 40 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 26.5 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 40 Sources: |
|
900 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 27 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 27 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Other AEs: Ischemic colitis... |
270 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 3 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 3 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Other AEs: Lethargy, Ataxia... Other AEs: Lethargy (1 patient) Sources: Ataxia (1 patient) Nystagmus (1 patient) |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Ischemic colitis | 1 patient | 900 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 27 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 27 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Ataxia | 1 patient | 270 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 3 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 3 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Lethargy | 1 patient | 270 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 3 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 3 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Nystagmus | 1 patient | 270 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 3 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 3 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
no | ||||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11602530/ Page: 2.0 |
yes |
Tox targets
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2010/021879Orig1s000OtherR.pdf#page=63 Page: 63.0 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Modification of naloxone-induced withdrawal signs by dextromethorphan in morphine-dependent mice. | 1999 Jul 14 |
|
Gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamic acid receptors may mediate theophylline-induced seizures in mice. | 1999 Mar |
|
Mimicking gene defects to treat drug dependence. | 2000 |
|
Cytochrome P450 2D6.1 and cytochrome P450 2D6.10 differ in catalytic activity for multiple substrates. | 2001 Aug |
|
Biotechnology in the Medicon Valley. | 2002 May |
|
Broad substrate specificity of human cytochrome P450 46A1 which initiates cholesterol degradation in the brain. | 2003 Dec 9 |
|
Total and corrected antioxidant capacity in hemodialyzed patients. | 2003 Jul 1 |
|
Effect of St John's wort on the activities of CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2D6, N-acetyltransferase 2, and xanthine oxidase in healthy males and females. | 2004 Apr |
|
Evidence of significant contribution from CYP3A5 to hepatic drug metabolism. | 2004 Dec |
|
Analgesic effect of dextromethorphan in neuropathic pain. | 2004 Mar |
|
Dimemorfan prevents seizures induced by the L-type calcium channel activator BAY k-8644 in mice. | 2004 May 5 |
|
[Dextromethorphan enhances analgesic activity of propacetamol--experimental study]. | 2005 |
|
Phenotypical expression of CYP2D6 in amerindians of tepehuano origin from Durango, Mexico. | 2005 |
|
Epigenetic silencing of DSC3 is a common event in human breast cancer. | 2005 |
|
Dextromethorphan psychosis, dependence and physical withdrawal. | 2005 Dec |
|
Multiple P450 substrates in a single run: rapid and comprehensive in vitro interaction assay. | 2005 Jan |
|
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) inhibitory constituents of Catharanthus roseus. | 2005 Jun |
|
Dextromethorphan-induced delirium and possible methadone interaction. | 2005 Mar |
|
Recombinant production of human microsomal cytochrome P450 2D6 in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. | 2005 Nov |
|
Side effects of dextromethorphan abuse, a case series. | 2005 Sep |
|
Cluster formation as a tool for development in Medicon Valley. | 2006 Jan-Feb |
|
Randomized, controlled trial of dextromethorphan/quinidine for pseudobulbar affect in multiple sclerosis. | 2006 May |
|
Sex differences in the potency of kappa opioids and mixed-action opioids administered systemically and at the site of inflammation against capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia in rats. | 2007 Apr |
|
Free energies of binding of R- and S-propranolol to wild-type and F483A mutant cytochrome P450 2D6 from molecular dynamics simulations. | 2007 Jul |
|
Validated method for rapid inhibition screening of six cytochrome P450 enzymes by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. | 2007 Jun 1 |
|
Prior exposure to uninfected mosquitoes enhances mortality in naturally-transmitted West Nile virus infection. | 2007 Nov 14 |
|
Mechanical aspects of a multidirectional, angular stable osteosynthesis system and comparison with four conventional systems. | 2008 Apr |
|
Sigma ligands, but not N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists, reduce levodopa-induced dyskinesias. | 2008 Jan 8 |
|
Functional expression and comparative characterization of nine murine cytochromes P450 by fluorescent inhibition screening. | 2008 Jul |
|
Dextromethorphan reduces oxidative stress and inhibits atherosclerosis and neointima formation in mice. | 2009 Apr 1 |
|
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | 2009 Feb 3 |
|
Retrospective analysis of titanium plate-retained prostheses placed after total rhinectomy. | 2009 Jan-Feb |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Curator's Comment: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1503667
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26000221
15-30 mg 3 to 4 times per day (cough)
20-30 mg twice daily (pseudobulbar affect)
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24912029
In vitro studies pre- and immature oligodendroglial (OLN-93) cells were subjected to hyperoxic conditions for 48 h after pre-treatment with increasing doses of dextromethorphan.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
by
admin
on
Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
|
Record UNII |
Z0CG3115FG
|
Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
|
Record Version |
|
-
Download
Name | Type | Language | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Code | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English |
Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
204-750-1
Created by
admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
5464025
Created by
admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
125-69-9
Created by
admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
Z0CG3115FG
Created by
admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
DTXSID60872346
Created by
admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
756723
Created by
admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
M4227
Created by
admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 00:40:01 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | Merck Index |
Related Record | Type | Details | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE | |||
|
SOLVATE->ANHYDROUS |
Related Record | Type | Details | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
ACTIVE MOIETY |