SODIUM TAURATE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C2H6NO3S.Na
Molecular Weight	147.129
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[Na+].NCCS([O-])(=O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=GWLWWNLFFNJPDP-UHFFFAOYSA-M

InChI=1S/C2H7NO3S.Na/c3-1-2-7(4,5)6;/h1-3H2,(H,4,5,6);/q;+1/p-1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C2H6NO3S
Molecular Weight	124.139
Charge	-1
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Molecular Formula	Na
Molecular Weight	22.9898
Charge	1
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00611-6
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3676193 | http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/804080 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21334852 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26208967

Taurine is a semi-essential amino acid and is not incorporated into proteins. Taurine is considered conditionally essential because it cannot be synthesized by infants younger than 4-6 weeks, and it may not be adequately synthesized in patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition and patients with short-term hypermetabolic conditions. In mammalian tissues, taurine is ubiquitous and is the most abundant free amino acid in the heart, retina, skeletal muscle, brain, and leukocytes. Taurin occurs naturally in fish and meat. The mean daily intake from omnivore diets was determined to be around 58 mg. Taurine is a component of energy drinks, with many contain 1000 mg per serving. In medicine, taurine supplementation demonstrated efficacy in relieving symptoms of heart failure, hepatitis, hypertension and psychotic disorder. Taurine exerts many physiological functions, including membrane stabilization, osmoregulation and cytoprotective effects, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions as well as modulation of intracellular calcium concentration and ion channel function. In addition taurine may control muscle metabolism and gene expression, through yet unclear mechanisms. The cellular and biochemical mechanisms mediating the actions of taurine are not fully known.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
GABA-A receptor; anion channel 202 Target ID: CHEMBL1907607 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23637894	Agonist 2678
Glycine receptor 13 Target ID: CHEMBL3392921 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9279812	Agonist 2678		406.0 µM [EC50]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Congestive heart failure 54 Sources: http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-1024-taurine.aspx?activeingredientid=1024	Primary	Approved 8429	TAURINE Approved Use Taking 2-3 grams of taurine by mouth one to two times daily for 6-8 weeks seems to improve heart function and symptoms in patients with moderate heart failure to severe heart failure. Some patients with severe heart failure rapidly improve from NYHA class IV to II after 4-8 weeks of treatment. Improvement seems to continue for as long as taurine treatment is continued, up to one year.
Hepatitis 8 Sources: http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-1024-taurine.aspx?activeingredientid=1024	Palliative	Approved 8429	TAURINE Approved Use Taking 1.5-4 grams of taurine daily for up to 3 months improves liver function in people with hepatitis.
Fatigue 46 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26830981	Preventing	Approved 8429	URSA Complex Approved Use Taurine is a component of energy drinks used for relieving of fatigue
Prehypertension 5 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26781281	Primary	Phase III 656	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Psychotic disorder 26 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27835719	Primary	Phase III 656	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Taurine attenuates fanconi syndrome induced by ifosfamide without compromising its antitumor activity.	1998	10063969
Glutamate and taurine are increased in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of severely brain-injured patients.	1999 Feb	10098958
Sodium nitroprusside-induced seizure and taurine release from rat hippocampus.	2000	11140358
The influence of a taurine containing drink on cardiac parameters before and after exercise measured by echocardiography.	2001	11310932
New developments in the pharmacotherapy of alcohol dependence.	2001	11268820
Zinc and the eye.	2001 Apr	11349933
Increased taurine content in esophageal mucosa of children affected by gastroesophageal reflux.	2001 Apr	11330417
Cellular uptake of taurine by lactating porcine mammary tissue.	2001 Apr	11290448
Endogenous glutamate-taurine interaction in striatum and nucleus accumbens of the freely moving rat: studies during the normal process of aging.	2001 Apr 15	11240162
Reduction of phospholemman expression decreases osmosensitive taurine efflux in astrocytes.	2001 Apr 23	11336802
Inhibition of the myeloperoxidase chlorinating activity by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs investigated with a human recombinant enzyme.	2001 Apr 6	11301057
Taurine increases rat survival and reduces striatal damage caused by 3-nitropropionic acid.	2001 Aug	11328702
Osmolytes stabilize ribonuclease S by stabilizing its fragments S protein and S peptide to compact folding-competent states.	2001 Aug 3	11373282
Effects of new taurine derivatives on primary immune response in rats.	2001 Feb	11391397
Effect of acamprosate and naltrexone, alone or in combination, on ethanol consumption.	2001 Feb	11331108
The use of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in inflammatory bowel diseases: distinguishing ulcerative colitis from Crohn's disease.	2001 Feb	11232688
Aging-induced changes in 24-h rhythms of mitogenic responses, lymphocyte subset populations and neurotransmitter and amino acid content in rat submaxillary lymph nodes during Freund's adjuvant arthritis.	2001 Feb	11226742
Differences between GABA levels in Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome with Alzheimer-like neuropathology.	2001 Feb	11218066
Real-time, two-dimensional visualization of ischaemia-induced glutamate release from hippocampal slices.	2001 Feb	11207802
Metabolic shifts and myocyte hypertrophy in deflazacort treatment of mdx mouse cardiomyopathy.	2001 Feb	11180202
Activation of an ATP-dependent K(+) conductance in Xenopus oocytes by expression of adenylate kinase cloned from renal proximal tubules.	2001 Feb 9	11342145
The protective effect of taurine against thioacetamide hepatotoxicity of rats.	2001 Jan	11339621
[Effect of taurine on the microvessel exchange function and adrenergic response of veins and arteries in the cat skeletal muscle].	2001 Jan	11227860
Effects of methionine loading on plasma and erythrocyte sulphur amino acids and sulph-hydryls before and after co-factor supplementation in haemodialysis patients.	2001 Jan	11209001
Determination of bile acids in biological fluids by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry.	2001 Jan	11160372
Studies on the effects of lactate transport inhibition, pyruvate, glucose and glutamine on amino acid, lactate and glucose release from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex.	2001 Jan	11145998
The European acamprosate trials: conclusions for research and therapy.	2001 Jan-Feb	11173981
Dietary taurine manipulations in aged male Fischer 344 rat tissue: taurine concentration, taurine biosynthesis, and oxidative markers.	2001 Jul 1	11377394
Enhanced fungicidal activity of N-chlorotaurine in nasal secretion.	2001 Jun	11389121
A new model for diffuse brain injury by rotational acceleration: II. Effects on extracellular glutamate, intracranial pressure, and neuronal apoptosis.	2001 Mar	11284547
Hypocholesterolemic effect of bile acid sulfonate analogs in hamsters.	2001 Mar	11256473
Effect of starvation on free histidine and amino acids in white muscle of milkfish Chanos chanos.	2001 Mar	11250545
Changes in apparent diffusion coefficients of metabolites in rat brain after middle cerebral artery occlusion measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.	2001 Mar	11241694
Alteration of excitation-contraction coupling mechanism in extensor digitorum longus muscle fibres of dystrophic mdx mouse and potential efficacy of taurine.	2001 Mar	11226135
Evaluation of urinary carnitine and taurine excretion in 5 cystinuric dogs with carnitine and taurine deficiency.	2001 Mar-Apr	11300604
Pharmacological relapse prevention in alcohol dependence: from animal models to clinical trials.	2001 May	11391061
The influence of plasma on the disinfecting activity of the new antimicrobial agent N-chlorotaurine-sodium in comparison with chloramine T.	2001 May	11370708
The anti-craving compound acamprosate acts as a weak NMDA-receptor antagonist, but modulates NMDA-receptor subunit expression similar to memantine and MK-801.	2001 May	11369029
N-chlorotaurine, a novel endogenous antimicrobial agent: tolerability testing in a mouse model.	2001 May	11346428
Identification of a novel form of renal glucosuria with overexcretion of arginine, carnosine, and taurine.	2001 May	11325687
Cysteine regulates expression of cysteine dioxygenase and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in cultured rat hepatocytes.	2001 May	11287364
Down-regulation of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) gene expression by bile acids in primary rat hepatocytes is mediated by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway.	2001 May 11	11278771

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Taurin occurs naturally in fish and meat. The mean daily intake from omnivore diets was determined to be around 58 mg.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Agonist properties of taurine on glycine receptor of supraoptic magnocellular neurones acutely dissociated from adult rats, using whole-cell voltage clamp. Responses to 1 mM taurine were blocked by strychnine but not by gabazine and showed no additivity with glycine-induced currents, indicating selective activation of glycine receptors.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 20:20:27 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 20:20:27 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	Y7LJA74T0N
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

Download

Name

Type

Language

SODIUM TAURATE

Official Name

English

2-AMINOETHANESULFONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT

Common Name

English

SODIUM TAURATE [INCI]

Common Name

English

SODIUM 2-AMINOETHYLSULFONATE

Systematic Name

English

ETHANESULFONIC ACID, 2-AMINO-, SODIUM SALT (1:1)

Common Name

English

TAURINE SODIUM SALT

Common Name

English

Code System Code Type Description

ECHA (EC/EINECS)

230-875-6