U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula 2C12H11N2O3.Mg
Molecular Weight 486.7597
Optical Activity UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 2
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of MAGNESIUM PHENOBARBITAL

SMILES

[Mg++].CCC1(C(=O)NC(=O)[N-]C1=O)C2=CC=CC=C2.CCC3(C(=O)NC(=O)[N-]C3=O)C4=CC=CC=C4

InChI

InChIKey=LJVBIGYQTUCCSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L
InChI=1S/2C12H12N2O3.Mg/c2*1-2-12(8-6-4-3-5-7-8)9(15)13-11(17)14-10(12)16;/h2*3-7H,2H2,1H3,(H2,13,14,15,16,17);/q;;+2/p-2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C12H12N2O3
Molecular Weight 232.2353
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Molecular Formula Mg
Molecular Weight 24.305
Charge 2
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01174

Phenobarbital is a barbiturate derivative used to treat insomnia and anxiety, seizures, hyperbilirubinemia in neonates and cholestasis. Phenobarbital promotes binding to inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid subtype receptors, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
LUMINAL

Approved Use

Short-term treatment of insomnia. However, generally not used orally as a hypnotic because several hours are required to achieve maximal effectsa and barbiturates have decreased effectiveness for sleep induction and maintenance after 2 weeks.
Primary
LUMINAL

Approved Use

Relief of anxiety, tension, and apprehension. However, barbiturates used infrequently for routine sedation, since there are few clinical situations in which oral barbiturates provide a safety or efficacy advantage over nonbarbiturate sedatives/hypnotics.
Primary
LUMINAL

Approved Use

Management of tonic-clonic seizures and partial seizures; used alone (particularly in infants and young children) or, more commonly, in combination with phenytoin or other anticonvulsants.
Preventing
LUMINAL

Approved Use

Prevention of febrile seizures in infants and young children.
Primary
LUMINAL

Approved Use

Second-line agent in the termination of status epilepticus; may be useful to prevent seizure recurrence after seizures are initially terminated with other anticonvulsants (e.g., diazepam, phenytoin) or for termination of status epilepticus that does not respond to initial therapy with other anticonvulsants. Usefulness of parenteral phenobarbital in terminating acute seizure episodes is limited by its slow onset of action
Preventing
LUMINAL

Approved Use

Prophylactic management of epilepsy.
Primary
LUMINAL

Approved Use

Prevention and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates
Primary
LUMINAL

Approved Use

Has been used to reduce bilirubin concentrations in patients with congenital nonhemolytic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia or chronic intrahepatic cholestasis. Has been used in the management of hyperlipemia associated with intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
On the mechanism of alleviation by phenobarbital of the malfunction of an epilepsy-linked GABA(A) receptor.
2006 Sep 26
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Phenobarbital is administered orally or by IM or slow IV injection. For treatment of anxiety, phenobarbital is administered orally 6 mg/kg daily or 180 mg/m2 daily, in 3 equally divided doses. For treatment of seizure disorders, the drug is administered orally 15–50 mg 2 or 3 times daily. Alternatively, 3–5 mg/kg or 125 mg/m2 daily; IV or IM 4–6 mg/kg daily for 7–10 days to reach therapeutic blood concentrations; alternatively, 10–15 mg/kg daily.
Route of Administration: Other
Potentiation of the GABAA by phenobarbital was evaluated in HEK293 cells expressing recombinant rat GABAA receptors. Currents were recorded using the cell-flow technique and corrected for receptor desensitization. Co-application of phenobarbital with 300uM GABA lead to 20-30 amplification of chloride currents with EC50 of 100-200 uM
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
Record UNII
RSK622Z0BN
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
MAGNESIUM PHENOBARBITAL
Common Name English
PHENOBARBITAL MAGNESIUM
WHO-DD  
Common Name English
Phenobarbital magnesium [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
Code System Code Type Description
CAS
7645-05-8
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
SUPERSEDED
EVMPD
SUB127889
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
56842055
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000153682
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
RSK622Z0BN
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
17140-94-2
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
241-206-2
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID40937987
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:18:05 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY