Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C8H11N2O3.K |
| Molecular Weight | 222.2828 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[K+].CCC1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)[N-]C1=O
InChI
InChIKey=FOQIEWZXCHZONC-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI=1S/C8H12N2O3.K/c1-3-8(4-2)5(11)9-7(13)10-6(8)12;/h3-4H2,1-2H3,(H2,9,10,11,12,13);/q;+1/p-1
| Molecular Formula | K |
| Molecular Weight | 39.0983 |
| Charge | 1 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | C8H11N2O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 183.1845 |
| Charge | -1 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
Barbital, the one of the series of barbiturates, has hypnotic, sedative, and anticonvulsant properties and used under the trade name Veronal. It calmed manic patients and helped melancholic patients to sleep and was an effective inducer of sleep in insomniacs, but at the same time compound could induced dependence. It was substituted by the butyl analog, butobarbital, which was three times stronger and its period of action was much shorter due to its lipophilicity. Barbital is a ligand of GABA-receptor complex and in addition, it could have another target, a creatine kinase.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
300 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/957863/ |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
BARBITAL plasma | Rattus norvegicus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
3860 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/957863/ |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
BARBITAL plasma | Rattus norvegicus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
6 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/957863/ |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
BARBITAL plasma | Rattus norvegicus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
5 g 1 times / day single, oral Studied dose Dose: 5 g, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: single Dose: 5 g, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 19 years |
Other AEs: Coma... |
250 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral Studied dose Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, median age 44 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: median age 44 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
Other AEs: Dizziness, Drug intoxication... Other AEs: Dizziness Sources: Drug intoxication Euphoric Tiredness |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coma | 5 g 1 times / day single, oral Studied dose Dose: 5 g, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: single Dose: 5 g, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 19 years |
|
| Dizziness | 250 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral Studied dose Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, median age 44 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: median age 44 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
|
| Drug intoxication | 250 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral Studied dose Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, median age 44 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: median age 44 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
|
| Euphoric | 250 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral Studied dose Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, median age 44 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: median age 44 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
|
| Tiredness | 250 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral Studied dose Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 250 mg, 3 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, median age 44 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: median age 44 years Sex: M+F Sources: |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| A recombinant vaccine effectively induces c5a-specific neutralizing antibodies and prevents arthritis. | 2010-10-20 |
|
| Complement factor H-related proteins CFHR2 and CFHR5 represent novel ligands for the infection-associated CRASP proteins of Borrelia burgdorferi. | 2010-10-20 |
|
| Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes. | 2010-09-09 |
|
| Recombinant human complement component C2 produced in a human cell line restores the classical complement pathway activity in-vitro: an alternative treatment for C2 deficiency diseases. | 2010-08-20 |
|
| Cell membrane modification for rapid display of bi-functional peptides: a novel approach to reduce complement activation. | 2010-07-20 |
|
| The virulence protein SopD2 regulates membrane dynamics of Salmonella-containing vacuoles. | 2010-07-15 |
|
| Complement activation mediates cetuximab inhibition of non-small cell lung cancer tumor growth in vivo. | 2010-06-07 |
|
| Combination of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) with whole cell pertussis vaccine increases protection against pneumococcal challenge in mice. | 2010-05-27 |
|
| Effects of 17beta-oestradiol and norethisterone acetate on sulfonation and sialylation of gonadotrophins in post-menopausal women. | 2010-05 |
|
| Inefficient complement system clearance of Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigotes enables resistant strains to invade eukaryotic cells. | 2010-03-16 |
|
| Annexin-II, DNA, and histones serve as factor H ligands on the surface of apoptotic cells. | 2010-02-05 |
|
| Determining the reactivity and titre of serum using a haemagglutination assay. | 2010-01-29 |
|
| Role of genetic polymorphisms in factor H and MBL genes in Tunisian patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy. | 2010 |
|
| Some patients with NHL possessed immunoreactivity to gliadin and to cow's milk proteins. | 2009-09 |
|
| The glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the small GTPase Rab 2 are crucial for Brucella replication. | 2009-06 |
|
| Pharmacological profiles of animal- and nonanimal-derived sulfated polysaccharides--comparison of unfractionated heparin, the semisynthetic glucan sulfate PS3, and the sulfated polysaccharide fraction isolated from Delesseria sanguinea. | 2009-04 |
|
| Brain damage in newborn rat model of meningitis by Enterobacter sakazakii: a role for outer membrane protein A. | 2009-03 |
|
| Biomass production potential of a wastewater alga Chlorella vulgaris ARC 1 under elevated levels of CO₂and temperature. | 2009-02 |
|
| Interpain A, a cysteine proteinase from Prevotella intermedia, inhibits complement by degrading complement factor C3. | 2009-02 |
|
| Complement consumption in children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. | 2009-01-09 |
|
| The Staphylococcus aureus protein Sbi acts as a complement inhibitor and forms a tripartite complex with host complement Factor H and C3b. | 2008-12 |
|
| Surviving mousepox infection requires the complement system. | 2008-12 |
|
| Foamy macrophages from tuberculous patients' granulomas constitute a nutrient-rich reservoir for M. tuberculosis persistence. | 2008-11 |
|
| EspJ of enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli inhibits opsono-phagocytosis. | 2008-05 |
|
| The different effector function capabilities of the seven equine IgG subclasses have implications for vaccine strategies. | 2008-02 |
|
| Variability and action mechanism of a family of anticomplement proteins in Ixodes ricinus. | 2008-01-02 |
|
| The Inactivation of a New Peptidoglycan Hydrolase Pmp23 Leads to Abnormal Septum Formation in Streptococcus pneumoniae. | 2008 |
|
| Floridoside extracted from the red alga Mastocarpus stellatus is a potent activator of the classical complement pathway. | 2008 |
|
| Proximal visceral endoderm and extraembryonic ectoderm regulate the formation of primordial germ cell precursors. | 2007-12-20 |
|
| Metabolization of porphyrinogenic agents in brain: involvement of the phase I drug metabolizing system. A comparative study in liver and kidney. | 2007-09 |
|
| Application of two different kinds of sera against the Proteus penneri lipopolysaccharide core region in search of epitopes determining cross-reactions with antibodies. | 2007-07-24 |
|
| Deletion of complement factor H-related genes CFHR1 and CFHR3 is associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. | 2007-03-16 |
|
| Modulation of the complement system by human beta-defensin 2. | 2007-01-10 |
|
| Analysis of C4 and the C4 binding protein in the MRL/lpr mouse. | 2007 |
|
| Carbonic anhydrase in Tectona grandis: kinetics, stability, isozyme analysis and relationship with photosynthesis. | 2006-08 |
|
| Deficiency of functional mannose-binding lectin is not associated with infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | 2006 |
|
| Statin-induced expression of CD59 on vascular endothelium in hypoxia: a potential mechanism for the anti-inflammatory actions of statins in rheumatoid arthritis. | 2006 |
|
| The history of barbiturates a century after their clinical introduction. | 2005-12 |
|
| Rescue of heterochromatin organization in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria by drug treatment. | 2005-11 |
|
| Binding of small guest molecules to multivalent receptors. | 2005-10-14 |
|
| Heme oxygenase, aminolevulinate acid synthetase and the antioxidant system in the brain of mice treated with porphyrinogenic drugs. | 2005-10-03 |
|
| Selective self-organization of guest molecules in self-assembled molecular boxes. | 2005-09-14 |
|
| Biochemical mechanism of the effect of barbital on rifamycin B biosynthesis by Amycolatopsis mediterranei (M18 strain). | 2003 |
|
| Induction of CYP2B1 mediated pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activity in different species, sex and tissue by prototype 2B1-inducers. | 1995-03-30 |
|
| Effects of sodium salts of phenobarbital and barbital on development of bladder tumors in male F344/NCr rats pretreated with either N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide or N-nitrosobutyl-4-hydroxybutylamine. | 1989-04 |
|
| Promotion by sodium barbital of renal cortical and transitional cell tumors, but not intestinal tumors, in F344 rats given methyl(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine, and lack of effect of phenobarbital, amobarbital, or barbituric acid on development of either renal or intestinal tumors. | 1989-01 |
|
| The chronic hepatic or renal toxicity of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, acetaminophen, sodium barbital, and phenobarbital in male B6C3F1 mice: autoradiographic, immunohistochemical, and biochemical evidence for levels of DNA synthesis not associated with carcinogenesis or tumor promotion. | 1988-12 |
|
| Drugs as allergens: the molecular basis of IgE binding to thiopentone. | 1987 |
|
| Comparative tumor-promoting activities of phenobarbital, amobarbital, barbital sodium, and barbituric acid on livers and other organs of male F344/NCr rats following initiation with N-nitrosodiethylamine. | 1985-02 |
|
| Modifying potential of thirty-one chemicals on the short-term development of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-positive foci in diethylnitrosamine-initiated rat liver. | 1984-10 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
It was reported the action of sodium barbital as an inhibitor of rabbit-muscle creatine kinase (CK), which plays a significant role in energy homeostasis in the muscles. The activity of CK underwent a rapid decrease when the concentration of sodium barbital was increased to 8 mmol/L, and the residual activity was about 35% of then active CK. The activity of CK dropped slowly until it was almost 0 when the concentration of sodium barbital was increased to 125 mmol/L. These results indicated that sodium barbital might function as an inhibitor of CK.
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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Edited
Wed Apr 02 13:24:59 GMT 2025
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| Record UNII |
QZ6VB88G2Z
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| Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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| Record Version |
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QZ6VB88G2Z
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4388-77-6
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23686184
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PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE |
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ACTIVE MOIETY |
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