LYSINE CARBONATE

US Previously Marketed

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C6H14N2O2.CH2O3
Molecular Weight	208.2123
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

OC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=OCHFNTLZOZPXFE-JEDNCBNOSA-N

InChI=1S/C6H14N2O2.CH2O3/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10;2-1(3)4/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10);(H2,2,3,4)/t5-;/m0./s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C6H14N2O2
Molecular Weight	146.1876
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED

Molecular Formula	CH2O3
Molecular Weight	62.0248
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://www.nap.edu/read/10490/chapter/12
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26252373

Lysing is an essential basic amino-acid encoded by codone AAA and AAG, and used in the biosynthesis of proteins. The daily requirement for lysine is 38 mg/kg body weight. The most rich source of lysine is fish, beef, chicken. In a clinical study lysine supplements was found to be an effective for reduction of occurrence, severity and healing time for recurrent HSV infection, however Cochrane Review concluded that the evidence is insufficient. Lysine was investigated for improving anxiety, ameliorating angina prectoris. Lysine acetylsalicylate has been used to treat pain and to detoxify the body after heroin use. Lysine clonixinate has been used for its analgesic properties for the treatment of migraine headaches and other painful conditions. However, limited clinical trials exist for these conditions.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Serotonin 4 (5-HT4) receptor 39 Target ID: CHEMBL1875 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28103616	Antagonist 2778
GABA-A receptor; anion channel 202 Target ID: CHEMBL2093872 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8587651	Agonist 2678

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Herpes simplex infection 28 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine has been studied for the prevention and treatment of herpes infections and cold sores.
Angina pectoris 106 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine supplements may relieve effort-related angina pectoris.
Osteoporosis 97 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine increases the intestinal absorption and reduces the renal elimination of calcium.
Anxiety 267 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Primary	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine is believed to exert anxiolytic effects by acting as a partial serotonin receptor 4 antagonist and as a partial benzodiazepine agonist
Heroin dependence 10 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/npp/lysine.html	Palliative	Natural Metabolite	L-LYSINE MONOHYDRATE Approved Use Lysine acetylsalicylate has been used to detoxify the body after heroin use.
Patent ductus arteriosus 8 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/pro/neoprofen.html	Primary	Approved 8429	NEOPROFEN Approved Use NeoProfen is indicated to close a clinically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants weighing between 500 and 1500 g, who are no more than 32 weeks gestational age when usual medical management (e.g., fluid restriction, diuretics, respiratory support, etc.) is ineffective. The clinical trial was conducted among infants with an asymptomatic PDA. However, the consequences beyond 8 weeks after treatment have not been evaluated; therefore, treatment should be reserved for infants with clear evidence of a clinically significant PDA. Launch Date 2006

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Dose-dependent protein adduct formation in kidney, liver, and blood of rats and in human blood after perchloroethene inhalation.	1999 Mar	10330678
Detection of rare malignant cells and their apoptotic fragments in cerebrospinal fluid.	2000 Oct 7	11072949
The antioxidant system beta-D(+) glucose-glucose oxidase-catalase: tests for pyrogenicity and antigenicity.	2001	11247273
Thermal and enzymatic recovering of proteins from untanned leather waste.	2001	11150136
Assays for mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) subtypes and MAPK activating protein kinase-2 (MAPKAP K-2) using a common cell lysate.	2001	11100471
A systematic approach to the analysis of protein phosphorylation.	2001 Apr	11283598
Formation of 1,1'-iminodicarboxylic acid derivatives, 2,6-diketo-piperazine and dibenzodiazocine-2,6-dione by variations of multicomponent reactions.	2001 Apr	11233828
Properties of microtubules assembled from mammalian tubulin synthesized in Escherichia coli.	2001 Apr 17	11294652
Combination of HPLC and solid-phase binding assay for isolation and purification of MHC class I and associated peptides using a bladder tumour cell line.	2001 Feb	11180296
Purification and structure elucidation of the N-acetylbacillosamine-containing polysaccharide from Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 9945.	2001 Feb	11168428
Characterization of the lipopolysaccharide of Yersinia pestis.	2001 Feb	11162185
Rapid polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of a mutant form of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1.	2001 Feb	11160862
Increased L-arginine uptake and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity in aortas of rats with heart failure.	2001 Feb	11158987
Improved sensitivity and specificity of enzyme immunoassays with P1-adhesin enriched antigen to detect acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.	2001 Feb 1	11166097
Evidence that fragile X mental retardation protein is a negative regulator of translation.	2001 Feb 15	11157796
Two conserved lysines at the 50/20-kDa junction of myosin are necessary for triggering actin activation.	2001 Feb 2	11042210
Inhibition of the nitrosothiol production of cultured osteoarthritic chondrocytes by rhein, cortisol and diclofenac.	2001 Jan	11178941
Up-regulation of nucleolin mRNA and protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by extracellular-regulated kinase.	2001 Jan 12	11042220
A single-chain variable region immunoglobulin library from the abomasal lymph node of sheep infected with the gastrointestinal nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus.	2001 Jan 26	11182152
Acceleration of thrombomodulin gene transcription by retinoic acid: retinoic acid receptors and Sp1 regulate the promoter activity through interactions with two different sequences in the 5'-flanking region of human gene.	2001 Jan 26	11036068
Hsp90 regulates p50(cdc37) function during the biogenesis of the activeconformation of the heme-regulated eIF2 alpha kinase.	2001 Jan 5	11036079
Chemical and biological evaluation of endotoxin contamination on natural rubber latex products.	2001 Jun 5	11255197
Effects of initial particle size on the tableting properties of L-lysine monohydrochloride dihydrate powder.	2001 Mar 14	11250107
Evaluation of prototype transmembrane 4 superfamily protein complexes and their relation to lipid rafts.	2001 Mar 16	11113129
High pressure increases bactericidal activity and spectrum of lactoferrin, lactoferricin and nisin.	2001 Mar 20	11294354
A simple method for midkine purification by affinity chromatography with a heavy chain variable domain (VH) fragment of antibody.	2001 Mar 28	11282403
Characterization of mouse brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) and phytanoyl-CoA alpha-hydroxylase-associated protein 1, a novel BAI1-binding protein.	2001 Mar 5	11245925
Inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A2 by annexin I. Specific interaction model and mapping of the interaction site.	2001 May 11	11278580
The heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase. A potential regulatory target for control of protein synthesis by diffusible gases.	2001 May 4	11278914

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Lysin is an essential amino-acid. The daily requirement for lysine is 38 mg/kg body weight. The most rich source of lysine is fish, beef, chicken.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

In the in vitro study of herpes simplex virus (HSV) growth in tissue culture, arginine deficiency suppressed HSV growth. Maximum herpes growth (as measured by plaques counting) was observed in flasks, containing 10-20 ug/ml of arginine. The addition of 50 ug/ml of lysine to the flasks containing 2.5 and 5.0 ug/ml of arginine reduced the number of viable plaque-forming units (PFU) from 3300 and 48800 to less than 10.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 15:23:45 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 15:23:45 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	QPG0PZ2GXY
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

LYSINE CARBONATE

Systematic Name

English

L-LYSINE, CARBONATE (1:1)

Systematic Name

English

Code System Code Type Description

CAS

28231-58-5