Citrulline malate (CM) is an organic salt made up of the non-essential amino acid L-citrulline and L-malic acid, an intermediate in the citric acid cycle. The main dietary source of citrulline is watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris), while malic acid is common to apples (Malus pumila) and grapes (Vitis vinifera). Initially, Citrulline malate was utilized as a pharmaceutical drug (STIMOL©, BIOCODEX Gentilly, France), for the treatment of patients suffering from asthenia to mitigate recovery time following physical activity. Citrulline malate has been purported to improve performance in both aerobic and anaerobic exercise modalities via a variety of mechanisms including improved ammonia and lactic acid metabolism, increased oxygen delivery capacity via increased vasodilation and increased adenosine triphosphate production via increases in Krebs cycle intermediates. Citrulline malate has been shown to increase lactate and ammonia clearance following exercise; this is via acting as a nitrogen ion acceptor during the first stage of the urea cycle. Supplementation may, therefore, improve ammonia-buffering capabilities reducing acidosis which occurs during intense exercise, as well as reducing muscle soreness post-exercise.