DescriptionCurator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including:
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/kanamycin.html
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d4865638-1259-4eef-a73c-fe919af6e850
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including:
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/kanamycin.html
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d4865638-1259-4eef-a73c-fe919af6e850
Kanamycin (a mixture of kanamycin A, B and C) is an aminoglycoside bacteriocidal antibiotic, available in oral, intravenous, and intramuscular forms, and used to treat a wide variety of infections. It is effective against Gram-negative bacteria and certain Gram-positive bacteria. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. Serious side effects include tinnitus or loss of hearing, toxicity to kidneys, and allergic reactions to the drug. Mixing of an aminoglycoside with beta-lactam-type antibiotics (penicillins or cephalosporins) may result in a significant mutual inactivation. Even when an aminoglycoside and a penicillin-type drug are administered separately by different routes, a reduction in aminoglycoside serum half-life or serum levels has been reported in patients with impaired renal function and in some patients with normal renal function.
CNS Activity
Curator's Comment: In adults, does not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in therapeutically adequate concentrations. Small improvement in penetration with inflamed meninges.
http://www.nikapharm.uz/en/products/kanamycin
https://www.google.ru/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&ved=0ahUKEwi7rPuFzZ3MAhWnYZoKHT49B1gQFghCMAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kurgansintez.ru%2Fen%2Fcatalog%2Fdoc_en%2F%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%2520%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_ENG.doc&usg=AFQjCNEbniX1AkdM3gQf_NmUv6xsx7rMOA&sig2=WDq4GgcENoEZxCI1BLyvUw&bvm=bv.119745492,d.bGs
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2363135 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curative | KANAMYCIN SULFATE Approved UseKanamycin may be considered as initial therapy in the treatment of infections where one or more of the following are the known or suspected pathogens: E. coli, Proteus species (both indole-positive and indole-negative), Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter species.
Although kanamycin is not the drug of choice for staphylococcal infections, it may be indicated under certain conditions for the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease. Launch Date2002 |
|||
| Curative | KANAMYCIN SULFATE Approved UseKanamycin may be considered as initial therapy in the treatment of infections where one or more of the following are the known or suspected pathogens: E. coli, Proteus species (both indole-positive and indole-negative), Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter species.
Although kanamycin is not the drug of choice for staphylococcal infections, it may be indicated under certain conditions for the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease. Launch Date2002 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
11.9 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4790604/ |
250 mg single, intramuscular dose: 250 mg route of administration: Intramuscular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
KANAMYCIN A plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
44.2 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4790604/ |
250 mg single, intramuscular dose: 250 mg route of administration: Intramuscular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
KANAMYCIN A plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2.1 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4790604/ |
250 mg single, intramuscular dose: 250 mg route of administration: Intramuscular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
KANAMYCIN A plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental studies on therapeutic effects of various combinations of antituberculosis drugs. II. Comparison of various regimens in treatment of experimental mouse tuberculosis infected with SM- and INH-resistant Schacht strain. | 1967 Jul |
|
| Rifampicin: a new rifamycin. II. Laboratory studies on the antituberculous activity and preliminary clinical observations. | 1967 May |
|
| Unusual neurotoxicity of kanamycin. | 1967 May 1 |
|
| [Clinical studies of cochleotoxicosis due to viomycin and kanamycin during tuberculostatic treatment (a prophylactic attempt)]. | 1968 |
|
| [Recovery after hemodialysis in 2 cases of acute renal insufficiency during treatment with kanamycin and colistin methanesulfonate]. | 1970 Apr 27 |
|
| [Hearing damages in prolonged kanamycin therapy]. | 1970 Aug |
|
| Kanamycin ototoxicity--possible potentiation by other drugs. | 1970 May |
|
| [Biochemical studies on nephrotoxicity of kanamycin]. | 1971 Feb |
|
| Acute renal failure in general surgical patients. | 1971 Jun |
|
| Laboratory testing for ototoxic effects of drugs. | 1973 Jun |
|
| Nephropathy, an underestimated complication of methicillin therapy. | 1974 Jun |
|
| Proceedings: The use of conditioned tone discrimination to study kanamycin ototoxicity in the rat. | 1975 Dec |
|
| The quantification of kanamycin ototoxicity in the rat using conditioned tone discrimination. | 1975 Dec |
|
| Drug-induced anaphylaxis, convulsions, deafness, and extrapyramidal symptoms. | 1977 Mar 12 |
|
| [Amikacin and kanamycin. Comparative experimental studies on nephrotoxicity]. | 1978 |
|
| Auditory thresholds and kanamycin-induced hearing loss in the guinea pig assessed by a positive reinforcement procedure. | 1978 Feb |
|
| Potentiation of neuromuscular weakness in infant botulism by aminoglycosides. | 1979 Dec |
|
| Quantitative relationships of the ototoxic interaction of kanamycin and ethacrynic acid. | 1979 May |
|
| [Detection of auditory impairment in the offsprings caused by drug treatment of the dams]. | 1982 Dec |
|
| In vitro susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium complex and Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to a spiro-piperidyl rifamycin. | 1982 Sep |
|
| Nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycoside treatment on renal protein reabsorption and accumulation. | 1984 |
|
| In vitro antituberculosis activity of a new antibacterial substance ofloxacin (DL8280). | 1985 Mar |
|
| Mycobacterial plasmids: screening and possible relationship to antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium avium/Mycobacterium intracellulare. | 1986 |
|
| Determination of MICs of conventional and experimental drugs in liquid medium by the radiometric method against Mycobacterium avium complex. | 1987 |
|
| In vitro susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium complex to antibacterial agents. | 1987 Nov |
|
| MIC as a quantitative measurement of the susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium strains to seven antituberculosis drugs. | 1988 Aug |
|
| [Experimental study of drug-induced acute renal failure. Recovery after renal impairment caused by the administration of low molecular weight dextran and kanamycin in water-deprived rats]. | 1988 Feb |
|
| Action of antituberculous and beta-lactam drugs (including imipenem) against extra- and intra-cellularly growing Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. | 1988 Mar-Apr |
|
| Qualitative and quantitative drug-susceptibility tests in mycobacteriology. | 1988 May |
|
| Nephrotoxicity of dactimicin, a novel pseudo-disaccharide aminoglycoside possessing the N-formimidoyl group, compared with that of astromicin, amikacin and other aminoglycoside antibiotics in animals. | 1989 |
|
| [Drug-induced nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis as an adverse reaction to kanamycin]. | 1989 Aug |
|
| Comparison of bactericidal activities of streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin against Mycobacterium avium and M. tuberculosis. | 1989 Aug |
|
| New antibiotics, resorcinomycins A and B: antibacterial activity of resorcinomycin A against mycobacteria in vitro. | 1989 Mar |
|
| [Prevention of neurosensory hearing disorders in antibiotic-induced ototoxicosis]. | 1989 Mar-Apr |
|
| [Acute renal failure caused by ceporin, kanamycin and gentamicin]. | 1989 Mar-Apr |
|
| Therapeutic efficacy of liposome-encapsulated kanamycin against Mycobacterium intracellulare infection induced in mice. | 1991 Sep |
|
| Limited functional conservation of a global regulator among related bacterial genera: Lrp in Escherichia, Proteus and Vibrio. | 2008 Apr 11 |
|
| Allergic contact dermatitis to topical drugs--epidemiological risk assessment. | 2008 Aug |
|
| Antimycobacterial activity of cinnamate-based esters of the triterpenes betulinic, oleanolic and ursolic acids. | 2008 Feb |
|
| Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitrogen and sulfur containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents. | 2009 Aug |
|
| Supporting cell characteristics in long-deafened aged mouse ears. | 2009 Dec |
|
| Dequalinium, a new inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mycothiol ligase identified by high-throughput screening. | 2009 Jul |
|
| Direct drug application to the round window: a comparative study of ototoxicity in rats. | 2009 Nov |
|
| A plasmacytoid dendritic cell (CD123+/CD11c-) based assay system to predict contact allergenicity of chemicals. | 2009 Oct 1 |
|
| Enhanced survival of spiral ganglion cells after cessation of treatment with brain-derived neurotrophic factor in deafened guinea pigs. | 2009 Sep |
|
| Isoxazole analogs of curcuminoids with highly potent multidrug-resistant antimycobacterial activity. | 2010 Oct |
|
| The multifunctional host defense peptide SPLUNC1 is critical for homeostasis of the mammalian upper airway. | 2010 Oct 7 |
|
| Mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 regulates sensory cell survival in the cochlea. | 2013 |
|
| Potent activity against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis of α-mangostin analogs. | 2013 |
|
| Chlorinated coumarins from the polypore mushroom Fomitopsis officinalis and their activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2013 Oct 25 |
Sample Use Guides
Intramuscular and intravenous: 15 mg/kg/day in two equally divided dosages. Intraperitoneal: 500 mg diluted in 20 mL sterile distilled water may be instilled through a polyethylene catheter sutured into the wound at closure.
Aerosol treatment: 250 mg two to four times a day.
Irrigation: injection in concentrations of 0.25 percent (2.5 mg/mL).
Route of Administration:
Other
| Substance Class |
Mixture
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