DIQUAT DIBROMIDE MONOHYDRATE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C12H12N2.2Br.H2O
Molecular Weight	362.06
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure of DIQUAT DIBROMIDE MONOHYDRATE

Structure Search

SMILES

O.[Br-].[Br-].C1C[N+]2=C(C=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=[N+]13

InChI

InChIKey=KLJOSQAQZMLLMB-UHFFFAOYSA-L

InChI=1S/C12H12N2.2BrH.H2O/c1-3-7-13-9-10-14-8-4-2-6-12(14)11(13)5-1;;;/h1-8H,9-10H2;2*1H;1H2/q+2;;;/p-2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C12H12N2
Molecular Weight	184.2371
Charge	2
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Molecular Formula	BrH
Molecular Weight	80.912
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Molecular Formula	HO
Molecular Weight	17.0073
Charge	-1
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Approval Year

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Assessment of the mutagenic properties of diquat and paraquat in the murine dominant lethal test.	1974 Jun	4850670
Acute diquat intoxication. Interest of its repeated determination in urine and the evaluation of renal proximal tubule integrity.	1984	6527399
Effects of oxidative stress caused by hyperoxia and diquat. A study in isolated hepatocytes.	1986	3505239
The effects of diquat and ciprofibrate on mRNA expression and catalytic activities of hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes in rat liver.	1995 Sep	7676460
Knockout of cellular glutathione peroxidase gene renders mice susceptible to diquat-induced oxidative stress.	1999 Sep	10490281
Glutathione peroxidase-1 gene knockout on body antioxidant defense in mice.	2001	11568445
Lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide production and protein oxidation in mouse peritoneal macrophages are affected by glutathione peroxidase-1 gene knockout.	2001 Aug 15	11498278
Comparative impacts of glutathione peroxidase-1 gene knockout on oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in mouse hepatocytes.	2001 Nov 1	11672444
Role of capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves in different models of gastric inflammation in rats.	2004 Feb 27	15046732
Compartmental inhibition of hepatic glutathione reductase activities by 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea (BCNU) in Sprague-Dawley and Fischer-344 rats.	2004 Mar 7	15104113
Gene expression patterns in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, exposed to a suite of model toxicants.	2006 May 25	16488489
Nrf2 regulates an adaptive response protecting against oxidative damage following diquat-mediated formation of superoxide anion.	2006 Oct 1	16962985
Protective effects of wheat bran against diquat toxicity in male Fischer-344 rats.	2007 Jul	17617720
Targeted disruption of the glutaredoxin 1 gene does not sensitize adult mice to tissue injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion and hyperoxia.	2007 Nov 1	17893043
The in vivo gene expression signature of oxidative stress.	2008 Jun 12	18445702
Thioredoxin 2 haploinsufficiency in mice results in impaired mitochondrial function and increased oxidative stress.	2008 Mar 1	18164269
Long-lived ames dwarf mice are resistant to chemical stressors.	2009 Aug	19414510
Evaluation of diquat against an acute experimental infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque).	2009 May	19392680
Short form glutathione peroxidase 4 is the essential isoform required for survival and somatic mitochondrial functions.	2009 Nov 6	19744930
Evaluation of transcriptional activity of caspase-3 gene as a marker of acute neurotoxicity in rat cerebellar granular cells.	2010 Mar	19815060
Impact of environmental chemicals on key transcription regulators and correlation to toxicity end points within EPA's ToxCast program.	2010 Mar 15	20143881
Identification and dissection of the Nrf2 mediated oxidative stress pathway in human renal proximal tubule toxicity.	2011 Apr	21172416
Redox cycling and increased oxygen utilization contribute to diquat-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase.	2011 Apr 1	21215309
Hepatic response to oxidative injury in long-lived Ames dwarf mice.	2011 Jan	20826540
Pyrosequencing-based transcriptomic resources in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, with a focus on genes involved in molecular response to diquat-induced stress.	2012 Nov	22814884
Nrf2 protects against diquat-induced liver and lung injury.	2012 Oct	22762311
Diquat causes caspase-independent cell death in SH-SY5Y cells by production of ROS independently of mitochondria.	2015 Oct	25693864

Patents

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Sat Dec 16 04:02:22 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Sat Dec 16 04:02:22 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	KU81Z1B8QW
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

DIQUAT DIBROMIDE MONOHYDRATE

Common Name

English

DIPYRIDO(1,2-A:2',1'-C)PYRAZINIUM, 6,7-DIHYDRO-, BROMIDE, HYDRATE (1:2:1)

Systematic Name

English

1,1'-ETHYLENE-2,2'-DIPYRIDYLIUM DIBROMIDE MONOHYDRATE

Common Name

English

DIQUAT DIBROMIDE MONOHYDRATE [MI]

Common Name

English

Code System Code Type Description

ALANWOOD

diquat dibromide (monohydrate)