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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C12H15ClO3
Molecular Weight 242.699
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of CLOFIBRATE

SMILES

CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1

InChI

InChIKey=KNHUKKLJHYUCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C12H15ClO3/c1-4-15-11(14)12(2,3)16-10-7-5-9(13)6-8-10/h5-8H,4H2,1-3H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C12H15ClO3
Molecular Weight 242.699
Charge 0
Count
MOL RATIO 1 MOL RATIO (average)
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description

Clofibrate is a fibric acid derivative used to lower cholesterol and triglyceride (fat-like substances) levels in the blood. This may help prevent medical problems caused by such substances clogging the blood vessels. However, this treatment was discontinued in 2002 due to adverse effects. Clofibrate is an agonist of the PPAR-α receptor in muscle, liver, and other tissues. This agonism ultimately leads to modification in gene expression resulting in increased beta-oxidation, decreased triglyceride secretion, increased HDL, and increased lipoprotein lipase activity. Clofibrate increased the activity of extrahepatic lipoprotein lipase (LL), thereby increasing lipoprotein triglyceride lipolysis, inhibited the synthesis, and increases the clearance of apolipoprotein B, a carrier molecule for VLDL. In addition, clofibrate was investigated as a novel therapy agent in multiple myeloma and it shown the promising results.

Approval Year

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
50.0 µM [EC50]
28.0 µM [IC50]

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
ATROMID-S
Primary
Unknown

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
216 μg/mL
100 mg/kg single, oral
CLOFIBRIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
30649 μg × h/mL
100 mg/kg single, oral
CLOFIBRIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
103.1 h
100 mg/kg single, oral
CLOFIBRIC ACID plasma
Homo sapiens

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer






Drug as perpetrator​

PubMed

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
For oral dosage form (capsules): for high cholesterol: adults—1.5 to 2 grams a day. This is divided into two to four doses. Children—Dose must be determined by doctor.
Route of Administration: Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
The antitumor apoptotic effect of clofibrate at doses ranging from 0.1-600 μM was investigated on four human and one murine myeloma cell lines, as well as in two human lymphoma cell lines, using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromide assay. Clofibrate significantly reduced cell viability in all tested myeloma and lymphoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, while healthy cells were hardly affected.
Substance Class Chemical
Record UNII
HPN91K7FU3
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version