U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C20H22ClN3O.2ClH
Molecular Weight 428.783
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of AMODIAQUINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS

SMILES

Cl.Cl.CCN(CC)CC1=CC(NC2=CC=NC3=C2C=CC(Cl)=C3)=CC=C1O

InChI

InChIKey=ROEBJVHPINPMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C20H22ClN3O.2ClH/c1-3-24(4-2)13-14-11-16(6-8-20(14)25)23-18-9-10-22-19-12-15(21)5-7-17(18)19;;/h5-12,25H,3-4,13H2,1-2H3,(H,22,23);2*1H

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Molecular Formula C20H22ClN3O
Molecular Weight 355.861
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE
Molecular Formula ClH
Molecular Weight 36.461
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00613 | https://www.drugs.com/international/amodiaquine.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9825729 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22949374 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18855526

Amodiaquine is a medication used to treat malaria, including Plasmodium falciparum malaria when uncomplicated. The mechanism of plasmodicidal action of amodiaquine is not completely certain. Like other quinoline derivatives, it is thought to inhibit heme polymerase activity. This results in accumulation of free heme, which is toxic to the parasites. The drug binds the free heme preventing the parasite from converting it to a form less toxic. This drug-heme complex is toxic and disrupts membrane function. The side effects of amodiaquine are generally minor to moderate and are similar to those of chloroquine. Rarely liver problems or low blood cell levels may occur. When taken in excess headaches, trouble seeing, seizures, and cardiac arrest may occur. After oral administration amodiaquine hydrochloride is rapidly absorbed,and undergoes rapid and extensive metabolism to desethylamodiaquine which concentrates in red blood cells. It is likely that desethylamodiaquine, not amodiaquine, is responsible for most of the observed antimalarial activity, and that the toxic effects of amodiaquine after oral administration may in part be due to desethylamodiaquine.

CNS Activity

CNS Penetrant
2588
Curator's Comment: Although in use for more than 40 year, there exists little information regarding the disposition of amodiaquine in man. Chloroquine, a 4-aminoquinoline derivative which resembles amodiaquine structurally, is widely distributed into the body tissues, especially in liver, spleen, kidney, lungs, brain, and spinal cord.

Originator

Approval Year

1950
105
Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Heme degradation by glutathione
3
Target ID: Heme degradation by glutathione
Inhibitor
8504
Inhibitor
8504
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Approved
8583
Coarsucam

Approved Use

Therapeutic Indication. ARTESUNATE AMODIAQUINE WINTHROP is indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated cases of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum strains which are susceptible to amodiaquine as well as to artesunate.
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
415 mg/L
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8983859/
10 mg/kg single, intravenous
dose: 10 mg/kg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMODIAQUINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
322 mg/L
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8983859/
10 mg/kg single, intravenous
dose: 10 mg/kg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMODIAQUINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
21 mg/L
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8983859/
10 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 10 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMODIAQUINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
77 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8983859/
10 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 10 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMODIAQUINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
7.9 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20368402/
270 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 270 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered: ARTESUNATE
ARTESUNATE
 AMODIAQUINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
2.1 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8983859/
10 mg/kg single, intravenous
dose: 10 mg/kg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMODIAQUINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
10.1 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8983859/
10 mg/kg single, intravenous
dose: 10 mg/kg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMODIAQUINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
3.7 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8983859/
10 mg/kg single, oral
dose: 10 mg/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
AMODIAQUINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
73.4 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 73.4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 73.4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
unhealthy, 17 to 76 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 17 to 76 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
Other AEs: Agranulocytosis...
Other AEs:
Agranulocytosis
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Other AEs: Leucopenia, Neutropenia...
Other AEs:
Leucopenia (grade 1, 14%)
Neutropenia (grade 1, 14%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Other AEs: Neutropenia...
Other AEs:
Neutropenia (grade 2, 12%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Other AEs: Transaminitis...
Other AEs:
Transaminitis (grade 3, 12%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Disc. AE: Hypersensitivity reaction...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Hypersensitivity reaction (6.7%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
45 mg/kg multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
unhealthy, adult
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Sex: M
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
Other AEs: Nausea, Vomiting...
Other AEs:
Nausea (35%)
Vomiting (35%)
Lassitude (grade 2, 60%)
Diarrhoea (15%)
Constipation (10%)
Granulocytopenia (15%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
unhealthy, median age 20 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: median age 20 years
Sex: F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
Other AEs: Weakness generalised, Dizziness...
Other AEs:
Weakness generalised (84%)
Dizziness (58%)
Vomiting (46%)
Itching (32%)
Nausea (26%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
71.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 71.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 71.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
unhealthy, median age 35 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: median age 35 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
Other AEs: Hepatotoxicity...
Other AEs:
Hepatotoxicity
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Agranulocytosis
73.4 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 73.4 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 73.4 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
unhealthy, 17 to 76 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 17 to 76 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
Leucopenia grade 1, 14%
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Neutropenia grade 1, 14%
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Neutropenia grade 2, 12%
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Transaminitis grade 3, 12%
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Hypersensitivity reaction 6.7%
Disc. AE
10 mg/kg 1 times / day single, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
healthy, 18 to 45 years
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 18 to 45 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18415093/
Constipation 10%
45 mg/kg multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
unhealthy, adult
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Sex: M
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
Diarrhoea 15%
45 mg/kg multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
unhealthy, adult
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Sex: M
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
Granulocytopenia 15%
45 mg/kg multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
unhealthy, adult
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Sex: M
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
Nausea 35%
45 mg/kg multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
unhealthy, adult
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Sex: M
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
Vomiting 35%
45 mg/kg multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
unhealthy, adult
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Sex: M
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
Lassitude grade 2, 60%
45 mg/kg multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 45 mg/kg
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
unhealthy, adult
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: adult
Sex: M
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6761007/
Nausea 26%
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
unhealthy, median age 20 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: median age 20 years
Sex: F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
Itching 32%
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
unhealthy, median age 20 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: median age 20 years
Sex: F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
Vomiting 46%
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
unhealthy, median age 20 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: median age 20 years
Sex: F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
Dizziness 58%
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
unhealthy, median age 20 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: median age 20 years
Sex: F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
Weakness generalised 84%
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
unhealthy, median age 20 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: median age 20 years
Sex: F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046467/
Hepatotoxicity
71.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 71.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 71.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
unhealthy, median age 35 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: median age 35 years
Sex: M+F
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3082410/
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG
substrate
1946
substrate
1193
substrate
1388

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer
P-gp
1741
CYP2C8
810

CYP1A1
389

CYP1A2
1197

CYP1B1
104

CYP2A6
626

CYP2B6
776

CYP2C18
149

CYP2C19
1119

CYP2E1
729

CYP2J2
71

CYP3A5
446

CYP3A7
109

P-gp
2052
Drug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
P-gp
1932
 no
Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
CYP2C8
810
 major
yes (co-administration study)
Comment: When administered with efavirenz, 125%, 78%, 80%, and 42.15% increase in the Tmax, Cmax AUCT and T1/2 of amodiaquine respectively
CYP1A1
389
 minor
CYP1A2
1197
 minor
CYP1B1
104
 minor
CYP2C18
149
 minor
CYP2D6
1388
 minor
CYP2J2
71
 minor
CYP3A4
1946
 minor
CYP3A5
446
 minor
CYP2B6
776
 no
CYP2C19
1119
 no
CYP2E1
729
 no
CYP3A7
109
 no
P-gp
2052
 no
CYP2A6
626
 unlikely
unlikely
Comment: Since artesunate is mainly metabolized by CYP2A6, drug–drug interaction between artesunate and AQ is unlikely to occur
CYP2C9
1193
 yes
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
ChEBI
CHEBI:2674
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:2674
ChemicalBook
CB8344720
https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB8344720
eMolecules
27516205
https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=27516205
eMolecules
30334305
https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=30334305
eMolecules
901375
https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=901375
MolPort
MolPort-000-728-509
https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-000-728-509
MolPort
MolPort-001-924-563
https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-001-924-563
ZINC
ZINC000000608172
http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000000608172
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Efficacy of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine in young children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in rural Burkina Faso.
2004-05-11
A new method for detection of pfmdr1 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum DNA using real-time PCR.
2004-05-07
Drug resistant falciparum malaria and the use of artesunate-based combinations: focus on clinical trials sponsored by TDR.
2004-05-04
Liquid chromatographic determination of amodiaquine in human plasma.
2004-04-25
Malaria intermittent preventive treatment in infants, chemoprophylaxis, and childhood vaccinations.
2004-04-24
[Pyrido [3,2-b]indol-4-yl-amines--synthesis and investigation of activity against malaria].
2004-04
In vitro efficacy of antimalarial drugs against Plasmodium vivax on the western border of Thailand.
2004-04
Antimalarial efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine and a combination of chloroquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Bundi Bugyo, western Uganda.
2004-04
A randomized trial of amodiaquine and artesunate alone and in combination for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children from Burkina Faso.
2004-04
Can amodiaquine be used safely during pregnancy?
2004-04
Developing artemisinin based drug combinations for the treatment of drug resistant falciparum malaria: A review.
2004-03-30
Molecular analysis of Plasmodium falciparum from drug treatment failure patients in Papua New Guinea.
2004-03
Efficacy of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine alone or combined with amodiaquine or chloroquine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Ugandan children.
2004-02
Efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and combination therapy with artesunate in Mozambican children with non-complicated malaria.
2004-02
Selective and sensitive liquid chromatographic assay of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine in whole blood spotted on filter paper.
2004-01-05
Human liver aldehyde oxidase: inhibition by 239 drugs.
2004-01
Effects of solvent composition and ionic strength on the interaction of quinoline antimalarials with ferriprotoporphyrin IX.
2004-01
Antimalarial drug toxicity: a review.
2004
Atovaquone and proguanil versus amodiaquine for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in African infants and young children.
2003-12-01
Chloroquine efficacy in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria at three sentinel sites in northern Togo.
2003-12
Isoquine and related amodiaquine analogues: a new generation of improved 4-aminoquinoline antimalarials.
2003-11-06
[Misunderstood neurological side effects of amodiaquine: apropos of 35 cases in children at Central University Hospital of Yopougon at Abidjan, Côte d' Ivoire].
2003-11
Antimalarial compounds: from bench to bedside.
2003-11
Chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine efficacy for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Upper Nile, south Sudan.
2003-10-31
Prevention of increasing rates of treatment failure by combining sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine with artesunate or amodiaquine for the sequential treatment of malaria.
2003-10-15
Amodiaquine treatment of uncomplicated malaria in children, in an area of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in north-central Nigeria.
2003-10
The efficacy of antimalarial monotherapies, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine in East Africa: implications for sub-regional policy.
2003-10
Polymorphism in the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistance transporter protein links verapamil enhancement of chloroquine sensitivity with the clinical efficacy of amodiaquine.
2003-09-19
The relationship of physico-chemical properties and structure to the differential antiplasmodial activity of the cinchona alkaloids.
2003-09-01
Potentiation of the antimalarial action of chloroquine in rodent malaria by drugs known to reduce cellular glutathione levels.
2003-09-01
Plasmodium falciparum gametocytaemia in Nigerian children: before, during and after treatment with antimalarial drugs.
2003-09
Rapid clearance of Plasmodium falciparum hyperparasitaemia after oral amodiaquine treatment in patients with uncomplicated malaria.
2003-09
Identification of human cytochrome P(450)s that metabolise anti-parasitic drugs and predictions of in vivo drug hepatic clearance from in vitro data.
2003-09
Molecular epidemiology of malaria in Cameroon. XV. Experimental studies on serum substitutes and supplements and alternative culture media for in vitro drug sensitivity assays using fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum.
2003-08
Short report: association between chloroquine and amodiaquine resistance and allelic variation in the Plasmodium falciparum multiple drug resistance 1 gene and the chloroquine resistance transporter gene in isolates from the upper Nile in southern Sudan.
2003-08
Efficacy of amodiaquine alone and combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine combined with artesunate.
2003-06
Safety, efficacy and determinants of effectiveness of antimalarial drugs during pregnancy: implications for prevention programmes in Plasmodium falciparum-endemic sub-Saharan Africa.
2003-06
Effect of intermittent treatment with amodiaquine on anaemia and malarial fevers in infants in Tanzania: a randomised placebo-controlled trial.
2003-05-31
Polymorphism in two merozoite surface proteins of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Gabon.
2003-05-09
Vendor-to-vendor education to improve malaria treatment by private drug outlets in Bungoma District, Kenya.
2003-05-07
Questions about the antimalarial amodiaquine.
2003-04-05
Antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 and efficacy of amodiaquine in Gabonese children with P. falciparum malaria.
2003-04-01
Evaluation of the quality of amodiaquine and sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine tablets sold by private wholesale pharmacies in Dar Es Salaam Tanzania.
2003-04
Conductometric and indirect AAS determination of antimalarials.
2003-03-26
A randomized comparison of chloroquine and chloroquine plus ketotifen in the treatment of acute, uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children.
2003-03
[Efficacy of amodiaquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in the treatment of malaria not complicated by Plasmodium falciparum in Nariño, Colombia, 1999-2002].
2003-03
Epidemiological models for the spread of anti-malarial resistance.
2003-02-19
Glutathione is involved in the antimalarial action of chloroquine and its modulation affects drug sensitivity of human and murine species of Plasmodium.
2003
Amodiaquine for treating malaria.
2003
In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to amodiaquine compared with other major antimalarials in Madagascar.
2002-12
Patents

Patents

20010044416
23
20020012680
29

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
For the treatment of acute malarial attacks in non-immune subjects: 600 mg of the base, followed by 200 mg after 6 hours, then 400 mg daily on each of the subsequent two days. Doses may be taken with meals to lessen gastric upset.
Route of Administration: Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
The FCR3 strain of Plasmodium falciparum was synchronized and cultivated to the trophozoite stage. Synchronized cultures were seeded at the ring stage and allowed to grow for another 20 hr until most parasites reached the trophozoite stage; parasitemia and cell number were determined, and cultures were cultured 6 drug for 1,2,3 and 4 h. One milliliter of culture was washed twice in wash medium (culture medium without plasma, 37°) to remove the drug, and cells were seeded in 24-well culture plates in full culture medium supplemented with 5 mCi/mL of [3H]hypoxanthine. After 4 hr of further cultivation, triplicate samples were transferred into 96-well plates, and parasiteassociated radioactivity was determined using the Filtermate/Matrix 96 Direct Beta counter. Inhibition of parasite growth was calculated compared to untreated controls.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025
Record UNII
HOE64181MP
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
AMODIAQUINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS
Common Name English
O-CRESOL, 4-((7-CHLORO-4-QUINOLYL)AMINO)-.ALPHA.-(DIETHYLAMINO)-, DIHYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS
Preferred Name English
AMODIAQUINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE, ANHYDROUS
Common Name English
PHENOL, 4-((7-CHLORO-4-QUINOLINYL)AMINO)-2-((DIETHYLAMINO)METHYL)-, DIHYDROCHLORIDE
Common Name English
4-((7-CHLORO-4-QUINOLYL)AMINO)-.ALPHA.-(DIETHYLAMINO)-O-CRESOL DIHYDROCHLORIDE
Common Name English
AMODIAQUINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS
Common Name English
Code System Code Type Description
SMS_ID
100000085160
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
6246
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
200-706-0
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID20219036
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
HOE64181MP
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
69-44-3
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:11:25 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
Structure of AMODIAQUINE HYDROCHLORIDE
SOLVATE->ANHYDROUS
Structure of AMODIAQUINE
PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE
Related Record Type Details
Structure of AMODIAQUINE
ACTIVE MOIETY
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