GALACTARIC ACID

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C6H10O8
Molecular Weight	210.1388
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	4 / 4
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-DUHBMQHGSA-N

InChI=1S/C6H10O8/c7-1(3(9)5(11)12)2(8)4(10)6(13)14/h1-4,7-10H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)/t1-,2+,3+,4-

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C6H10O8
Molecular Weight	210.1388
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	4 / 4
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED

Description
Sources: https://www.nature.com/articles/174930a0 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23052862

Galactaric acid (also known as Mucic acid) is a naturally occurring compound found in fruits, sugar beet and blood. Some basics studies revealed that the acid can be used as a biomarker for diabetic nephropathy diagnosis.

Originator

Approval Year

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Diabetic nephropathy 37 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23052862	Diagnostic		Natural Metabolite	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
99mTc-glucarate kinetics differentiate normal, stunned, hibernating, and nonviable myocardium in a perfused rat heart model.	2010-10	20652807
The plastid hexokinase pHXK: a node of convergence for sugar and plastid signals in Arabidopsis.	2010-08-20	20650273
Small-animal SPECT and SPECT/CT: application in cardiovascular research.	2010-08	20069298
Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics data to aid biomarker discovery in type 2 diabetes.	2010-05	20567778
Use of modular, synthetic scaffolds for improved production of glucaric acid in engineered E. coli.	2010-05	20117231
Micellar nanocarriers assembled from doxorubicin-conjugated amphiphilic macromolecules (DOX-AM).	2010-04-08	20127669
Identification in Agrobacterium tumefaciens of the D-galacturonic acid dehydrogenase gene.	2010-04	19921179
Calcium glucarate inhibits DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis in the hamster: histomorphometric evaluation.	2010-03	20393005
Early hepatic insulin resistance in mice: a metabolomics analysis.	2010-03	20150186
Synergistic effects of combined phytochemicals and skin cancer prevention in SENCAR mice.	2010-02	20103723
Complete genome sequence and comparative metabolic profiling of the prototypical enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strain 042.	2010-01-20	20098708
Molecular mechanisms of hepatic fibrosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.	2010	20460917
Toward engineering synthetic microbial metabolism.	2010	20037734
De novo design of saccharide-peptide hydrogels as synthetic scaffolds for tailored cell responses.	2009-12-09	19908839
Computation-facilitated assignment of the function in the enolase superfamily: a regiochemically distinct galactarate dehydratase from Oceanobacillus iheyensis .	2009-12-08	19883118
Evaluation of patients with head and neck cancer by means of 99mTc-glucarate.	2009-12	19949020
Convenient large-scale synthesis of D-glucaro-1,4:6,3-dilactone.	2009-11-06	19777999
Significance of urinary glucaric acid measurement and its application to paclitaxel therapy.	2009-11	19920388
A major role for perifornical orexin neurons in the control of glucose metabolism in rats.	2009-09	19592616
Involvement of Per-Arnt-Sim Kinase and extracellular-regulated kinases-1/2 in palmitate inhibition of insulin gene expression in pancreatic beta-cells.	2009-09	19502418
Synthetic metabolic pipelines.	2009-08	19668178
Synthetic protein scaffolds provide modular control over metabolic flux.	2009-08	19648908
Resistin induces insulin resistance by both AMPK-dependent and AMPK-independent mechanisms in HepG2 cells.	2009-08	19440859
Functional states of the genome-scale Escherichia coli transcriptional regulatory system.	2009-06	19503608
Molecular imaging of cell death.	2009-06	19362149
Seasonal variation of trehalose and glycerol concentrations in winter snow-active insects.	2009-03-13	19280052
Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid obtained by ventricular endoscopy and by lumbar puncture in patients with hydrocephalus secondary to neurocysticercosis.	2009-03	19249584
In vitro evaluation of the chemoprotective action mechanisms of leontopodic acid against aflatoxin B1 and deoxynivalenol-induced cell damage.	2009-01	18636399
Caffeic acid derivatives from Eupatorium perfoliatum L.	2008-12-23	19104484
The effect of high glucose on SERT, the human plasmalemmal serotonin transporter.	2008-12	19000377
[The biological role of D-glucaric acid and its derivatives: potential use in medicine].	2008-09-05	18772850
Clinical applications of urinary organic acids. Part I: Detoxification markers.	2008-09	18950247
Effect of the beta-glucuronidase inhibitor saccharolactone on glucuronidation by human tissue microsomes and recombinant UDP-glucuronosyltransferases.	2008-09	18718121
Effects of Mirasol PRT treatment on storage lesion development in plasma-stored apheresis-derived platelets compared to untreated and irradiated units.	2008-08	18513255
Could 99mTc-glucarate be used to evaluate tumour necrosis? In vitro and in vivo studies in leukaemic tumour cell line U937.	2008-07	18338166
Protective effects of D-glucaro-1,4-lactone against oxidative modifications in blood platelets.	2008-07	17933501
Relating gene expression data on two-component systems to functional annotations in Escherichia coli.	2008-06-25	18578884
The genome of the versatile nitrogen fixer Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571.	2008-06-04	18522759
Genomics of an extreme psychrophile, Psychromonas ingrahamii.	2008-05-06	18460197
D-glucaro 1,4-lactone and resveratrol as antioxidants in blood platelets.	2008-04	17846905
Evaluating the protective role of ischaemic preconditioning in rat hearts using a stationary small-animal SPECT imager and 99mTc-glucarate.	2008-02	18094633
Quorum sensing detected by atomic force microscopy imaging of corrals surrounding multicellular arrangement of bacteria.	2008-02	17943987
[Improvement of urinary d-glucaric acid assay and its application].	2008-01	18176065
Glycerate kinase of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermoproteus tenax: new insights into the phylogenetic distribution and physiological role of members of the three different glycerate kinase classes.	2007-08-31	17764545
GntR family of regulators in Mycobacterium smegmatis: a sequence and structure based characterization.	2007-08-23	17714599
Evolution of enzymatic activities in the enolase superfamily: L-talarate/galactarate dehydratase from Salmonella typhimurium LT2.	2007-08-21	17649980
alpha-ketoglutaric semialdehyde dehydrogenase isozymes involved in metabolic pathways of D-glucarate, D-galactarate, and hydroxy-L-proline. Molecular and metabolic convergent evolution.	2007-03-02	17202142
Protective effects of D-glucaro 1,4-lactone against oxidative/nitrative modifications of plasma proteins.	2007-02	17234507
Induction of apoptosis by calcium D-glucarate in 7,12-dimethyl benz [a] anthracene-exposed mouse skin.	2007	17725531
Esterification of select polyols with D-glucaric acid as model reactions for esterification of starch.	2006-11-27	16973136

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Unknown

Route of Administration: Unknown

In Vitro Use Guide

Unknown

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 20:50:30 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 20:50:30 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	E149J5OTIF
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

MUCILIANCE

Preferred Name

English

GALACTARIC ACID

Official Name

English

TETRAHYDROXYADIPIC ACID

Systematic Name

English

SACCHAROLACTIC ACID

Common Name

English

GALACTARIC ACID [HSDB]

Common Name

English

MUCIC ACID

Common Name

English

NSC-8127

Code

English

GALACTOSACCHARIC ACID

Common Name

English

GALACTARIC ACID, (±)-

Common Name

English

ORISTAR MCA

Common Name

English

GALACTARIC ACID [MI]

Common Name

English

Code System Code Type Description

CHEBI

30852