In a preclinical model of epidural fibrosis, methyl palmitate (300 mg/kg) was given orally three times per week on different days for a total period of 4 weeks. In a preclinical model of asthma and pulmonary fibrosis, methyl palmitate (300mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally three times per week in the last four weeks of the study period. In a model of liver fibrosis, methyl palmitate (300 mg/kg)was given intraperitoneally, daily.

In MTT cytotoxicity assay, Primary rat Kupffer cells were treated with 0.5, 1, and 2 mM methyl palmitate for 24 h followed by with 20 uL MTT (0.5% in PBS) for 4.5 h. In phagocytosis activity assay, cells were treated with 0.5 mM methyl palmitate for 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h (time-dependent assay) or with methyl palmitate (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM) for 24 h followed by LPS (500 ng/ml) stimulation for 6 h (dose-dependent assay). Cell viability, as determined by MTT assay, decreased significantly at 2 mM methyl palmitate while changes at 0.5 and 0.1 mM were insignificant. The phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells decreased significantly at all the MP concentration tested when cells were incubated with methyl palmitate for 24 h followed by LPS treatment for 6 h