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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C21H23N3O2.H2O
Molecular Weight 367.4415
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 1
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of PANOBINOSTAT HYDRATE

SMILES

O.CC1=C(CCNCC2=CC=C(\C=C\C(=O)NO)C=C2)C3=C(N1)C=CC=C3

InChI

InChIKey=YUKVPQZUSANPNW-ASTDGNLGSA-N
InChI=1S/C21H23N3O2.H2O/c1-15-18(19-4-2-3-5-20(19)23-15)12-13-22-14-17-8-6-16(7-9-17)10-11-21(25)24-26;/h2-11,22-23,26H,12-14H2,1H3,(H,24,25);1H2/b11-10+;

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C21H23N3O2
Molecular Weight 349.4262
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 1
Optical Activity NONE

Molecular Formula H2O
Molecular Weight 18.0153
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB06603

Panobinostat is an oral deacetylace (DAC) inhibitor approved on February 23, 2015 by the FDA for the treatment of multiple myeloma. The approval was accelerated based on progression-free survival, therefore confirmatory trials by the sponsor to demonstrate clinical efficacy in multiple myeloma treatment are in progress of being conducted. Panobinostat is marketed by Novartis under the brand name Farydak. Panobinostat is a deacetylase (DAC) inhibitor. DACs, also known as histone DACs (HDAC), are responsible for regulating the acetylation of about 1750 proteins in the body; their functions are involved in many biological processes including DNA replication and repair, chromatin remodelling, transcription of genes, progression of the cell-cycle, protein degradation and cytoskeletal reorganization. In multiple myeloma, there is an overexpression of DAC proteins. Panobinostat inhibits class I (HDACs 1, 2, 3, 8), class II (HDACs 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10) and class IV (HDAC 11) proteins. Panobinostat's antitumor activity is believed to be attributed to epigenetic modulation of gene expression and inhibition of protein metabolism. Panobinostat also exhibits cytotoxic synergy with bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor concurrently used in treatment of multiple myeloma.

Originator

Curator's Comment: # Novartis

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
280.0 nM [IC50]
11.0 nM [IC50]
2.1 nM [IC50]
13.0 nM [IC50]
2.5 nM [IC50]
200.0 nM [IC50]
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
FARYDAK

Approved Use

FARYDAK, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone, is indicated for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least 2 prior regimens, including bortezomib and an immunomodulatory agent

Launch Date

1.42456324E12
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
15.3 ng/mL
20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered: BORTEZOMIB
PANOBINOSTAT plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
95.2 ng × h/mL
20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered: BORTEZOMIB
PANOBINOSTAT plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
16.7 h
20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 20 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered: BORTEZOMIB
PANOBINOSTAT plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
10%
PANOBINOSTAT plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: UNKNOWN
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
34 mg/m2 3 times / week multiple, oral
Highest studied dose|RP2D
Dose: 34 mg/m2, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 34 mg/m2, 3 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 1-21 years
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: relapsed and refractory hematologic malignancies
Age Group: 1-21 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
DLT: Hypertriglyceridemia...
Dose limiting toxicities:
Hypertriglyceridemia (grade 4, 1 patient)
Sources:
15 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous (starting)
Dose: 15 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 15 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 3-17 years
n = 9
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: refractory solid tumors
Age Group: 3-17 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 9
Sources:
DLT: Electrocardiogram T wave abnormal...
Dose limiting toxicities:
Electrocardiogram T wave abnormal (2 patients)
Sources:
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Co-administed with::
bortezomib(1.3 mg/m2)
dexamethasone
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
unhealthy, 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
n = 386
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 386
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
Disc. AE: Diarrhea, Thrombocytopenia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Diarrhea (17 patients)
Thrombocytopenia (6 patients)
Fatigue (11 patient)
Asthenia (11 patient)
Peripheral neuropathy (14 patients)
Thrombocytopenia (28%)
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
DLT: Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase increased...
Other AEs: Thrombocytopenia, Leukopenia...
Dose limiting toxicities:
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase increased (grade 3, 1 patient)
Other AEs:
Thrombocytopenia (grade 3-4, 2 patients)
Leukopenia (grade 3-4, 2 patients)
Neutropenia (grade 3-4, 5 patients)
Nausea (grade 1-2, 4 patients)
Stomatitis (grade 1-2, 3 patients)
Vomiting (grade 1-2, 3 patients)
Fatigue (grade 3-4, 1 patient)
Fever (grade 1-2, 4 patients)
Decreased appetite (grade 1-2, 5 patients)
Hypoalbuminemia (grade 1-2, 2 patients)
Rash (grade 1-2, 3 patients)
Sources:
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy
Other AEs: Diarrhea, Arrhythmia...
Other AEs:
Diarrhea (severe|grade 5, 25%)
Arrhythmia (severe)
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Hypertriglyceridemia grade 4, 1 patient
DLT
34 mg/m2 3 times / week multiple, oral
Highest studied dose|RP2D
Dose: 34 mg/m2, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 34 mg/m2, 3 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 1-21 years
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: relapsed and refractory hematologic malignancies
Age Group: 1-21 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
Electrocardiogram T wave abnormal 2 patients
DLT
15 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous (starting)
Dose: 15 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 15 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 3-17 years
n = 9
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: refractory solid tumors
Age Group: 3-17 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 9
Sources:
Asthenia 11 patient
Disc. AE
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Co-administed with::
bortezomib(1.3 mg/m2)
dexamethasone
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
unhealthy, 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
n = 386
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 386
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
Fatigue 11 patient
Disc. AE
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Co-administed with::
bortezomib(1.3 mg/m2)
dexamethasone
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
unhealthy, 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
n = 386
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 386
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
Peripheral neuropathy 14 patients
Disc. AE
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Co-administed with::
bortezomib(1.3 mg/m2)
dexamethasone
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
unhealthy, 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
n = 386
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 386
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
Diarrhea 17 patients
Disc. AE
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Co-administed with::
bortezomib(1.3 mg/m2)
dexamethasone
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
unhealthy, 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
n = 386
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 386
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
Thrombocytopenia 28%
Disc. AE
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Co-administed with::
bortezomib(1.3 mg/m2)
dexamethasone
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
unhealthy, 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
n = 386
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 386
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
Thrombocytopenia 6 patients
Disc. AE
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Co-administed with::
bortezomib(1.3 mg/m2)
dexamethasone
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
unhealthy, 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
n = 386
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 60 years (range: 28-79 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 386
Sources: Page: p. 36, 45
Hypoalbuminemia grade 1-2, 2 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Rash grade 1-2, 3 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Stomatitis grade 1-2, 3 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Vomiting grade 1-2, 3 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Fever grade 1-2, 4 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Nausea grade 1-2, 4 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Decreased appetite grade 1-2, 5 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase increased grade 3, 1 patient
DLT
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Fatigue grade 3-4, 1 patient
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Leukopenia grade 3-4, 2 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Thrombocytopenia grade 3-4, 2 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Neutropenia grade 3-4, 5 patients
20 mg/m2 1 times / week multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg/m2, 1 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy, 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: advanced solid tumors
Age Group: 63.0 years (range: 43–75 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 8
Sources:
Arrhythmia severe
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy
Diarrhea severe|grade 5, 25%
20 mg 3 times / week multiple, oral
Recommended|MTD
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 20 mg, 3 times / week
Sources:
unhealthy
OverviewDrug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
no [IC50 >100 uM]
no [IC50 >100 uM]
no [IC50 >100 uM]
no [IC50 >100 uM]
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
unlikely
unlikely
unlikely
weak
weak
weak
yes [IC50 2 uM]
yes (co-administration study)
Comment: The coadministration of a single 60 mg dextromethorphan (DM) dose with FARYDAK (20 mg once per day, on Days 3, 5, and 8) increased the Cmax and AUC0-¥ of DM by 20% to 200% (interquartile range)and 20% to 130% (interquartile range), respectively
Page: 28.0
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
major
yes (co-administration study)
Comment: In an in vivo evaluation, coadministration of a single 20 mg FARYDAK dose with the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole (200 mg twice daily for 14 days) increased the Cmax and AUC0-48 of PAN by 67% and 73% respectively
Page: 27.0
no
no
yes [Km >100 uM]
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
Tox targets
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Targeting tumor angiogenesis with histone deacetylase inhibitors: the hydroxamic acid derivative LBH589.
2006 Jan 15
Determination of the class and isoform selectivity of small-molecule histone deacetylase inhibitors.
2008 Jan 15
To selectivity and beyond.
2010 Dec
Discovery of (2E)-3-{2-butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl}-N-hydroxyacrylamide (SB939), an orally active histone deacetylase inhibitor with a superior preclinical profile.
2011 Jul 14
Low-dose LBH589 increases the sensitivity of cisplatin to cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells.
2011 Jun
SIRT1 activation enhances HDAC inhibition-mediated upregulation of GADD45G by repressing the binding of NF-κB/STAT3 complex to its promoter in malignant lymphoid cells.
2013 May 16
Patents

Sample Use Guides

20 mg, taken orally once every other day for 3 doses per week (on Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, and 12) of Weeks 1 and 2 of each 21-day cycle for 8 cycles
Route of Administration: Oral
Besides, Panobinostat inhibits growth of non small cell lung cancer cell lines (such as human H1299, L55 and A549 with IC50 of 5 nM, 11 nM and 30 nM, respectively), mesothelioma (such as human OK-6 and Ok-5 with IC50 of 5 nM and 7 nM, respectively) and small cell lung cancer cell lines (such as human RG-1 and LD-T with IC50 of 4 nM and 5 nM, respectively).
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023
Record UNII
D07V79Q44T
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
PANOBINOSTAT HYDRATE
Common Name English
LBH-589
Code English
LBH589
Code English
Code System Code Type Description
PUBCHEM
76972289
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
D07V79Q44T
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
85990
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DBSALT001984
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:23:32 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
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ANHYDROUS->SOLVATE
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