GATIFLOXACIN HEMIHYDRATE

Details

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Molecular Formula	2C19H22FN3O4.H2O
Molecular Weight	768.8034
Optical Activity	( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 2
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

O.COC1=C(N2CCNC(C)C2)C(F)=CC3=C1N(C=C(C(O)=O)C3=O)C4CC4.COC5=C(N6CCNC(C)C6)C(F)=CC7=C5N(C=C(C(O)=O)C7=O)C8CC8

InChI

InChIKey=ISCAXBHESPTGIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/2C19H22FN3O4.H2O/c2*1-10-8-22(6-5-21-10)16-14(20)7-12-15(18(16)27-2)23(11-3-4-11)9-13(17(12)24)19(25)26;/h2*7,9-11,21H,3-6,8H2,1-2H3,(H,25,26);1H2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C19H22FN3O4
Molecular Weight	375.3941
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	( + / - )

Molecular Formula	H2O
Molecular Weight	18.0153
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2003/21493_Zymar_lbl.pdf

Gatifloxacin is a recently developed antibacterial agent differing from earlier fluoroquinolones by the presence of a methoxy group at the C-8 position. The presence of the methoxy group has conferred improved antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, making gatifloxacin a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent applicable in many clinical settings. Gatifloxacin is sold under the brand Zymar and is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms: Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacteria: Cornyebacterium propinquum, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Aerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria: Haemophilus influenza. The antibacterial action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian. In addition, Gatifloxacin inhibits bacterial topoisomerase IV. This enzyme is an enzyme known to play a key role in the partitioning of the chromosomal DNA during bacterial cell division. The mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones including gatifloxacin is different from that of aminoglycoside, macrolide, and tetracycline antibiotics. Therefore, gatifloxacin may be active against pathogens that are resistant to these antibiotics and these antibiotics may be active against pathogens that are resistant to gatifloxacin. There is no cross-resistance between gatifloxacin and the aforementioned classes of antibiotics. Cross-resistance has been observed between systemic gatifloxacin and some other fluoroquinolones.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Topoisomerase IV 62 Target ID: CHEMBL2363033 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12019093	Inhibitor 8297
DNA gyrase 26 Target ID: CHEMBL2311225 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9925547	Inhibitor 8297

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Bacterial conjunctivitis 34 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2003/21493_Zymar_lbl.pdf	Curative		Approved 8429	ZYMAR Approved Use ZYMAXID® (gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.5% solution is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms: Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus mitis group* Streptococcus oralis * Streptococcus pneumoniae Aerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections. ZYMAXID® ophthalmic solution is a topical fluoroquinolone anti-infective indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms: Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mitis group , Streptococcus oralis * , Streptococcus pneumoniae *Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections. (1) Launch Date 2003

C_max

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
4.2 μg/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
4.6 μg/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 400 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
4.2 μg/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
3.8 μg/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
5.5 μg/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg single, intravenous dose: 400 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
34.4 μg × h/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
35.4 μg × h/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 400 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
51 μg × h/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
33 μg × h/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
35.1 μg × h/mL DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg single, intravenous dose: 400 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
7.1 h DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
13.9 h DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 400 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
7.8 h DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
7.4 h DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg single, intravenous dose: 400 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

F_unbound

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
80% DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
80% DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg 1 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 400 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
80% DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
80% DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/21061s023,024,21062s026,037lbl.pdf	400 mg single, intravenous dose: 400 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	GATIFLOXACIN serum	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
10 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/	unhealthy, 6 - 48 months n = 160 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: acute otitis media Age Group: 6 - 48 months Sex: M Population Size: 160 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/	Disc. AE: Vomiting, Diarrhea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Vomiting (15 patients) Diarrhea (3 patients) Dehydration (2 patients) Maculopapular rash (2 patients) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/
400 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: glyburide(10 mg/day) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/	unhealthy, 79 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: type 2 diabetes mellitus and pneumonia Age Group: 79 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/	Disc. AE: Hyperglycemia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hyperglycemia (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/
400 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: glyburide(5 mg/day) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/	unhealthy, 84 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonproductive cough Age Group: 84 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/	Disc. AE: Hyperglycemia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hyperglycemia (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/
400 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: metoprolol, diltiazem, subcutaneous heparin, ranitidine, vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and aspirin Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17213006/	unhealthy, 86 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: small bowel obstruction and suspected pneumonia Age Group: 86 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17213006/	Disc. AE: Hyperglycemia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hyperglycemia (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17213006/

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Vomiting	15 patients Disc. AE	10 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/	unhealthy, 6 - 48 months n = 160 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: acute otitis media Age Group: 6 - 48 months Sex: M Population Size: 160 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/
Dehydration	2 patients Disc. AE	10 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/	unhealthy, 6 - 48 months n = 160 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: acute otitis media Age Group: 6 - 48 months Sex: M Population Size: 160 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/
Maculopapular rash	2 patients Disc. AE	10 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/	unhealthy, 6 - 48 months n = 160 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: acute otitis media Age Group: 6 - 48 months Sex: M Population Size: 160 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/
Diarrhea	3 patients Disc. AE	10 mg/kg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 10 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/	unhealthy, 6 - 48 months n = 160 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: acute otitis media Age Group: 6 - 48 months Sex: M Population Size: 160 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14614364/
Hyperglycemia	1 patient Disc. AE	400 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: glyburide(10 mg/day) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/	unhealthy, 79 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: type 2 diabetes mellitus and pneumonia Age Group: 79 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/
Hyperglycemia	1 patient Disc. AE	400 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: glyburide(5 mg/day) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/	unhealthy, 84 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonproductive cough Age Group: 84 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15303456/
Hyperglycemia	1 patient Disc. AE	400 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 400 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: metoprolol, diltiazem, subcutaneous heparin, ranitidine, vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and aspirin Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17213006/	unhealthy, 86 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: small bowel obstruction and suspected pneumonia Age Group: 86 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17213006/

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
inhibitor 1587	inhibitor 1767	inhibitor 1852	inhibitor 1612

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
CYP1A2 1524 CYP2C19 1478 OAT3 642	P-gp 1537 MRP2 205 BCRP 561 OATP1A2 62

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity
CYP1A2 1692	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19026171/ Page: -	no
CYP2C19 1553	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10984329/ Page: -	no
CYP2C9 1819	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19026171/ Page: -	no
CYP2D6 1891	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10984329/ Page: -	no
CYP3A4 1925	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10730688/ Page: -	no
OAT3 644	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18381565/ Page: -	yes

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity
BCRP 561	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20573570/ Page: -	no
MRP2 205	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20573570/ Page: -	yes
OATP1A2 62	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17274666/ Page: -	yes
P-gp 1537	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20573570/ Page: -	yes

Tox targets

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
hERG 1647	inhibitor 1626 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11125032/ Page: -

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
3B Scientific (Wuhan) Corp	3B2-0097	http://www.3bsc.com/index/pro_info.php?id=19453
3B Scientific (Wuhan) Corp	3B1-01470	http://www.3bsc.com/index/pro_info.php?id=21682
3B Scientific (Wuhan) Corp	3B1-01477	http://www.3bsc.com/index/pro_info.php?id=21689
3B Scientific (Wuhan) Corp	3B3-000948	http://www.3bsc.com/index/pro_info.php?id=22836
AA Blocks	AA001V7I	http://www.aablocks.com/goods/Goods/detail?id=AA001V7I
AEchem Scientific Corp., USA	AE059339	https://www.aechemsc.com/info2_products/AE059339.php
AHH Chemical co.,ltd	API-1086	http://www.ahhchemical.com/product/API-1086.html
AHH Chemical co.,ltd	MT-07359	http://www.ahhchemical.com/product/MT-07359.html
Aaron Chemicals	AR001VZA	http://www.aaronchem.com/112811-59-3
AbMole Bioscience	M2254	http://www.abmole.com/products/gatifloxacin.html
Achemtek	0104-011782	http://www.achemtek.com/112811-59-3
Acorn PharmaTech	ACN-038330	http://www.acornpharmatech.com/
Acros Organics	AC460230050	https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/gatifloxacin-98-acros-organics-1/AC460230050
Acros Organics	AC460230010	https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/gatifloxacin-98-acros-organics-2/AC460230010
Acros Organics	AC460230250	https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/gatifloxacin-98-acros-organics/AC460230250
Alinda	ALBB-028535	http://alinda.ru/finechem_en_.html?i=ALBB-028535
Allbio Pharm Co., Ltd	AD11741	http://www.allbiopharm.com/product/n/AD11741
Ambinter	Amb19120118	http://www.ambinter.com/reference/19120118
Angene	AGN-PC-0BS7RF	http://www.angenechemical.com/productshow/AGN-PC-0BS7RF.html
ApexBio Technology	A1313	http://www.apexbt.com/gatifloxacin-22059.html
Ark Pharm	AK323595	http://www.arkpharminc.com/products/112811-59-3.html
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	K04.823.520	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=K04.823.520
AvaChem Scientific	3898	http://www.avachem.com/productSearch.asp?3898
BLD Pharm	BD18671	http://www.bldpharm.com/products/112811-59-3.html
BioChemPartner	BCP13408	http://www.biochempartner.com/112811-59-3-BCP13408
BioCrick	BCC1064	http://www.biocrick.com/Gatifloxacin-BCC1064.html
BioSynth	G-2380	https://www.biosynth.com/products/biochemistry/culture-media-additives/products/G-2380.html
Boerchem	BC204030	http://www.boerchem.com/?product_34284.html
CSNpharm	CSN12573	https://www.csnpharm.com/products/gatifloxacin.html
Capot Chemical	21048	http://www.capotchem.com/en/21048.htm
Capot Chemical	PubChem21048	http://www.capotchem.com/en/21048.htm
Chem Scene	CS-1841	http://www.chemscene.com/112811-59-3.html
ChemMol	2101430	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/2101430.html
ChemMol	30101901	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/30101901.html
ChemMol	44001665	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/44001665.html
ChemMol	49408363	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/49408363.html
ChemMol	49420348	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/49420348.html
Chemspace	CSSB00000043025	https://chem-space.com/CSSB00000043025
Clearsynth	CS-O-11656	https://www.clearsynth.com/en/CSO11656.html
DC Chemicals	DC22353	http://www.dcchemicals.com/product_show-DC22353.html
Debye Scientific	DB-019145	http://www.debyesci.com/DB-019145.html
Finetech	FT-0626635	http://www.finetechnology-ind.com/prod/detail/pub/112811-59-3.html
Finetech	FT-0668952	http://www.finetechnology-ind.com/prod/detail/pub/1190043-25-4.html
Finetech	FT-0631189	http://www.finetechnology-ind.com/prod/detail/pub/160738-57-8.html
Hello Bio	HB3263	https://www.hellobio.com/gatifloxacin.html
LGC Standards	DRE-A13998600AL-100	https://www.lgcstandards.com/US/en/p/DRE-A13998600AL-100
LGC Standards	DRE-C13998600	https://www.lgcstandards.com/US/en/p/DRE-C13998600
Lab Network	LN00294903	https://labnetwork.com/frontend-app/p/#!/moleculedetails/LN00294903
MedChem Express	HY-10581	https://www.medchemexpress.com/Gatifloxacin.html
OChem	6583	http://www.ocheminc.com/index.php?act=psearch&pid=811G593
Otava	3462665	https://search.otavachemicals.com/#!/search?query=3462665&type=code&base=dbb
Parchem	29054	http://www.parchem.com/chemical-supplier-distributor/Gatifloxacin-019054.aspx
Parchem	29055	http://www.parchem.com/chemical-supplier-distributor/Gatifloxacin-019055.aspx
Selleck Chemicals	S1340	http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Gatifloxacin.html
Smolecule	S528731	http://www.smolecule.com/products/s528731
Smolecule	S772613	https://www.smolecule.com/products/s772613
TCI (Tokyo Chemical Industry)	G0325	http://www.tcichemicals.com/eshop/en/us/commodity/G0325/index.html
THE BioTek	bt-268909	https://www.thebiotek.com/product/inhibitors/bt-268909
THE BioTek	bt-305259	https://www.thebiotek.com/product/others/bt-305259
Tocris	3849	https://www.tocris.com/products/gatifloxacin_3849
Vesino Industrial Co Ltd	VA11838	http://www.vsnchem.com/goto/product/22154/
VladaChem	VL273035-100MG	https://www.vladachem.com/product.php?products=112811-59-3
Yuhao Chemical	RT18900	http://www.chemyuhao.com/112811-59-3.html
abcr GmbH	AB228827	http://www.abcr.com/shop/en/AB228827
eNovation Chemicals	D634858	https://www.enovationchem.com/ProductDetails.asp?ProductID=D634858
eNovation Chemicals	D674400	https://www.enovationchem.com/ProductDetails.asp?ProductID=D674400
iChemical	EBD18197	http://www.ichemical.com/chemicals/cas-112811-59-3
mcule	MCULE-4557972261	https://mcule.com/MCULE-4557972261/

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of AM-1155, a new 6-fluoro-8-methoxy quinolone.	1992 Oct	1332587
Comparative antimycobacterial activities of the newly synthesized quinolone AM-1155, sparfloxacin, and ofloxacin.	1993 Jun	8392307
N-1-tert-butyl-substituted quinolones: in vitro anti-Mycobacterium avium activities and structure-activity relationship studies.	1996 Nov	8913479
Structure-activity relationships of quinolone agents against mycobacteria: effect of structural modifications at the 8 position.	1996 Oct	8891145
[In vitro anti-MAC activities of new quinolones in focus (2)].	1996 Sep	8999137
[In vitro anti-MAC activities of new quinolones in focus (1)].	1996 Sep	8999136
The activity of the methylpiperazinyl fluoroquinolone CG 5501: a comparison with other fluoroquinolones.	1997 Apr	9145816
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of the newly synthesized quinolone HSR-903, sitafloxacin (DU-6859a), gatifloxacin (AM-1155), and levofloxacin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex.	1999 Dec	10582897
Antimycobacterial activities of novel levofloxacin analogues.	2000 Aug	10898685
Gatifloxacin-associated acute hepatitis.	2001 Dec	11765309
In vitro and in vivo activities of gatifloxacin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2002 Apr	11897584
In vitro activity of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin and linezolid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2002 Dec	12458143
Synergic activity of fluoroquinolones and linezolid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2003 Apr	12672583
Gatifloxacin and ethionamide as the foundation for therapy of tuberculosis.	2003 Aug	12878502
Rapid in vivo screening of experimental drugs for tuberculosis using gamma interferon gene-disrupted mice.	2003 Feb	12543692
Sterilizing activities of fluoroquinolones against rifampin-tolerant populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2003 Feb	12543673
Short-course treatment regimen to identify potential antituberculous agents in a murine model of tuberculosis.	2004 Apr	14973154
Mutant prevention concentration: comparison of fluoroquinolones and linezolid with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2004 Mar	14963069
Action of fluoroquinolones and Linezolid on logarithmic- and stationary-phase culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2004 Nov	15523179
Gatifloxacin-induced cholestatic hepatitis--a challenging diagnosis.	2005 Mar	15974103
Outpatient gatifloxacin therapy and dysglycemia in older adults.	2006 Mar 30	16510739
Development and validation of an ion-pairing RP-HPLC method for the estimation of gatifloxacin in bulk and formulations.	2007 Apr	17504572
Synthesis and antimycobacterial evaluation of newer 1-cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-7-(substituted secondary amino)-8-methoxy-5-(sub)-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids.	2008 Mar 1	18078756
Antimycobacterial activities of novel fluoroquinolones.	2009 Jan	18031974
In vitro antituberculosis activities of ACH-702, a novel isothiazoloquinolone, against quinolone-susceptible and quinolone-resistant isolates.	2010 Aug	20516287
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.	2010 Jun	20368403
Safety profile of the fluoroquinolones: focus on levofloxacin.	2010 May 1	20397737
Comparative in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activities of sitafloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin against Mycobacterium avium.	2011 Apr	21353489
Combined contributions of over-secreted glucagon-like peptide 1 and suppressed insulin secretion to hyperglycemia induced by gatifloxacin in rats.	2013 Feb 1	23200776
Synthesis of gatifloxacin derivatives and their biological activities against Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2013 Feb 15	23294829

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Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis is: Days 1 and 2: Instill one drop every two hours in the affected eye(s) while awake, up to 8 times daily. Days 3 through 7: Instill one drop up to four times daily while awake.

Route of Administration: Other

In Vitro Use Guide

Gatifloxacin was synergic with the beta-lactams piperacillin, cefepime and meropenem, and with gentamicin against some drug-resistant pathogens. It was investigated in vitro interaction of gatifloxacin in combination with these drugs against clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Synergy was demonstrated with the following combinations at achievable serum concentrations: gatifloxacin/piperacillin for 80% and gatifloxacin/cefepime for 60% of S. maltophilia; gatifloxacin/gentamicin for 60%, and gatifloxacin/cefepime for 50% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, and in all drug combinations for 50-70% of P. aeruginosa. Indifference was noted for the majority of B. cepacia and VRE isolates. Antagonism at therapeutic serum levels was observed with gatifloxacin/piperacillin against a single isolate of B. Cepacia. MIC50 and MIC90 values represent the concentrations at which 50% and 90% of strains, respectively, were inhibited. The gatifloxacin MICs for S. maltophilia ranged from 0.5 to 4 mg/L, the lowest values of the agents tested. Gatifloxacin at 2 mg/L in combination with cefepime at 8 mg/L, and gatifloxacin at 2 mg/L in combination with piperacillin at 64 mg/L, resulted in at least a 2 log10 decrease in viable colonies, and by definition were synergic.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 20:15:45 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 20:15:45 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	AN201CY09J
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
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Name

Type

Language

GATIFLOXACIN HEMIHYDRATE

Common Name

English

3-QUINOLINECARBOXYLIC ACID, 1-CYCLOPROPYL-6-FLUORO-1,4-DIHYDRO-8-METHOXY-7-(3-METHYL-1-PIPERAZINYL)-4-OXO-, HYDRATE (2:1)

Common Name

English

Code System Code Type Description

PUBCHEM

68693946