Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C12H30N2.2Cl.2H2O |
| Molecular Weight | 309.317 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C
InChI
InChIKey=HQDLRYUQFUBIHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L
InChI=1S/C12H30N2.2ClH.2H2O/c1-13(2,3)11-9-7-8-10-12-14(4,5)6;;;;/h7-12H2,1-6H3;2*1H;2*1H2/q+2;;;;/p-2
| Molecular Formula | ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 36.461 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | HO |
| Molecular Weight | 17.0073 |
| Charge | -1 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | C12H30N2 |
| Molecular Weight | 202.38 |
| Charge | 2 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | MIXED |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
Hexamethonium is a nicotinic cholinergic antagonist. It was used to treat hypertension, but has never been approved and was discontinued because of the non-specified treatment. When this drug tried to use in medical study via inhalation, one of the volunteer died, the death has been described as “particularly disturbing ”because it was a healthy volunteer who had no thing to gain by taking part in the study. This volunteer participated in a study designed to provoke a mild asthma attack in order to help doctors discover the reflex that protects the lungs of healthy people against asthma attacks. Hexamethonium is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Now it is widely used a research tool.
CNS Activity
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
|||
| Primary | Unknown Approved Usehypertensive crisis; acute ventricular failure in arterial hypertension; controlled hypotension. |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
500 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 500 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 500 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 18 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: hypertension Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Population Size: 18 Sources: |
Other AEs: Hypotension, Constipation... Other AEs: Hypotension (18 patients) Sources: Constipation (18 patients) |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constipation | 18 patients | 500 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 500 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 500 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 18 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: hypertension Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Population Size: 18 Sources: |
| Hypotension | 18 patients | 500 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 500 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 500 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 18 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: hypertension Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Population Size: 18 Sources: |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Modes of hexamethonium action on acetylcholine receptor channels in frog skeletal muscle. | 1991 Jan |
|
| The hexamethonium asthma study and the death of a normal volunteer in research. | 2002 Feb |
|
| [Hexamethonium, nicotinic receptor blocker, changes the neuronal reactions on glutamate in the medial septal area in vitro]. | 2007 Mar-Apr |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
intravenous: 5 to 50 mg;
ora: 0.5 mg
subcutaneous: 10-100 mg
Route of Administration:
Other
The action of hexamethonium has been studied at a range of muscarinic receptors in vitro by use of both functional and radioligand binding studies. In functional studies, hexamethonium exhibited little or no significant (P less than 0.05) antagonism of contractile responses to carbachol at muscarinic receptors in the guinea-pig ileum, oesophageal muscularis mucosae, urinary bladder and trachea. However, antagonism was observed at muscarinic receptors in the guinea-pig left atria mediating negative inotropic responses and the calculated pKB value was 3.80. Hexamethonium also antagonized contractile responses to carbachol in the canine saphenous vein. The pKB value at these receptors was 3.75. 3. In the presence of 3.2 mM hexamethonium, the pA2 value for methoctramine at atrial muscarinic receptors was reduced by approximately 10 fold (control pA2 value was 7.81 +/- 0.05; pA2 value in hexamethonium was 6.73 +/- 0.04).
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Fri Dec 15 15:34:58 GMT 2023
by
admin
on
Fri Dec 15 15:34:58 GMT 2023
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| Record UNII |
9K0FYL38MO
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| Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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| Record Version |
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-
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28180
Created by
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9K0FYL38MO
Created by
admin on Fri Dec 15 15:34:59 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:34:59 GMT 2023
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16986-49-5
Created by
admin on Fri Dec 15 15:34:59 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:34:59 GMT 2023
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ANHYDROUS->SOLVATE |
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ACTIVE MOIETY |