U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C20H27N.ClH
Molecular Weight 317.896
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of ALVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE

SMILES

Cl.CCN(CCCC1=CC=CC=C1)CCCC2=CC=CC=C2

InChI

InChIKey=ZKRKHXXSBDSIKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C20H27N.ClH/c1-2-21(17-9-15-19-11-5-3-6-12-19)18-10-16-20-13-7-4-8-14-20;/h3-8,11-14H,2,9-10,15-18H2,1H3;1H

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Molecular Formula C20H27N
Molecular Weight 281.4351
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE
Molecular Formula ClH
Molecular Weight 36.461
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description

Alverine is a smooth muscle relaxant used for the treatment irritable bowel syndrome. Alverine may increase calcium influx during action potentials due to inhibition of the inactivation of L-type calcium channels, but may also suppress evoked activity by inhibiting the sensitivity of contractile proteins to calcium.

CNS Activity

CNS Active
3913
Curator's Comment: Alverine is CNS active in animals. No human data available.

Originator

Külz, F. et al.
3
Sources: Buth W, Kulz F, Rosemund KW. Über Synthesen spasmolytisch wirkendender Stoffe. Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. B. 1939;72:19–28. | Kulz F, Rosenmund KW, Kayser E, Schwarzhaupt O, Sommer H. Über Synthesen spasmolytisch wirkender Stoffe. II. Mitteilung. Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft (A and B Series) 1939;72(12):2161–2167.
Curator's Comment: reference retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23675775

Approval Year

1947
99
Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Activator
1430
Activator
1430
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Approved
8429
Alverine

Approved Use

Alverine citrate is an anti-spasmodic medicine. It relaxes the muscles in the intestine (gut) and uterus (womb). This helps stop the pain you feel when the muscles become tense. Alverine citrate is used to help people who have Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Some of the symptoms of IBS are: abdominal pains like cramp which come and go, diarrhoea, constipation, feeling full and bloated, wanting to go to the toilet urgently. Sometimes these symptoms are worse if you are worried or under stress. Alverine citrate is also used for a condition of the large intestine called painful diverticular disease of the colon. It is also used to relieve period pains.
Primary
Preclinical
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2574 pg/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29404023
120 mg single, oral
dose: 120 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ALVERINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
2841.78 pg/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29404023
250 mg single, oral
dose: 250 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PARA HYDROXY ALVERINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
15562.3 pg × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29404023
120 mg single, oral
dose: 120 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ALVERINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
19755.5 pg × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29404023
250 mg single, oral
dose: 250 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PARA HYDROXY ALVERINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
11.37 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29404023
120 mg single, oral
dose: 120 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ALVERINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
9.84 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29404023
250 mg single, oral
dose: 250 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PARA HYDROXY ALVERINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: FASTED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15259090/
unhealthy, 34 years
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: esophagitis and pangastritis
Age Group: 34 years
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15259090/
Disc. AE: Hepatitis acute...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Hepatitis acute
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15259090/
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day, during 4 weeks)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
unhealthy, mean age 46.5 years
n = 207
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: irritable bowel syndrome
Age Group: mean age 46.5 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 207
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
Disc. AE: Eye swelling...
Other AEs: Nausea, Abdominal pain upper...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Eye swelling (0.5%)
Other AEs:
Nausea (2.9%)
Abdominal pain upper (1.4%)
Headache (3.4%)
Asthenia (0.5%)
Vertigo (1.9%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Hepatitis acute Disc. AE
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15259090/
unhealthy, 34 years
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: esophagitis and pangastritis
Age Group: 34 years
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15259090/
Asthenia 0.5%
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day, during 4 weeks)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
unhealthy, mean age 46.5 years
n = 207
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: irritable bowel syndrome
Age Group: mean age 46.5 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 207
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
Eye swelling 0.5%
Disc. AE
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day, during 4 weeks)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
unhealthy, mean age 46.5 years
n = 207
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: irritable bowel syndrome
Age Group: mean age 46.5 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 207
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
Abdominal pain upper 1.4%
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day, during 4 weeks)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
unhealthy, mean age 46.5 years
n = 207
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: irritable bowel syndrome
Age Group: mean age 46.5 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 207
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
Vertigo 1.9%
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day, during 4 weeks)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
unhealthy, mean age 46.5 years
n = 207
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: irritable bowel syndrome
Age Group: mean age 46.5 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 207
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
Nausea 2.9%
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day, during 4 weeks)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
unhealthy, mean age 46.5 years
n = 207
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: irritable bowel syndrome
Age Group: mean age 46.5 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 207
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
Headache 3.4%
60 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral
Recommended
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 60 mg, 3 times / day
Co-administed with::
simeticone(300 mg; 3 times per day, during 4 weeks)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
unhealthy, mean age 46.5 years
n = 207
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: irritable bowel syndrome
Age Group: mean age 46.5 years
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 207
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20003095/
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
ChEBI
CHEBI:518413
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:518413
ChemicalBook
CB5333673
https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB5333673
ZINC
ZINC000001481966
http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000001481966
eMolecules
618386
https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=618386
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Sterculia bulk-forming agent with smooth-muscle relaxant versus bran in diverticular disease.
1976 Feb 7
Effects of alverine on the spontaneous electrical activity and nervous control of the proximal colon of the rabbit.
1992
Acute hepatitis caused by alverine associated with anti-lamin A and C autoantibodies.
1997 Aug
Effects of alverine citrate on cat intestinal mechanoreceptor responses to chemical and mechanical stimuli.
1999 Apr
Rectal antinociceptive properties of alverine citrate are linked to antagonism at the 5-HT1A receptor subtype.
2001 Oct
Alverine induced toxic hepatitis: a case report.
2002 Dec
Alverine citrate fails to relieve the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
2002 Jun
Search of antimicrobial activity of selected non-antibiotic drugs.
2002 Nov-Dec
Chemical genomics in yeast.
2004
The uses of genome-wide yeast mutant collections.
2004
Alverine citrate induced acute hepatitis.
2004 Aug 1
[Dynamics of clinical symptoms and indices of visceral sensitivity in patients with the irritated bowels syndrome treated with meteospasmyl].
2005
Evolving mechanisms of action of alverine citrate on phasic smooth muscles.
2007 Dec
[Irritable bowel syndrome: current treatment options].
2007 Nov
Effect of fibre, antispasmodics, and peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis.
2008 Nov 13
Alverine citrate plus simethicone reduces cecal intubation time in colonoscopy - a randomized study.
2008 Sep
Chemogenomic profiling predicts antifungal synergies.
2009
Spasmolytic and anti-inflammatory effects of constituents from Hertia cheirifolia.
2009 Dec
Dyclonine and alverine citrate enhance the cytotoxic effects of proteasome inhibitor MG132 on breast cancer cells.
2009 Feb
Alverine citrate, simeticone, and Rome III irritable bowel syndrome.
2010 Apr
Development of a list of potentially inappropriate drugs for the korean elderly using the delphi method.
2010 Dec
Determination of pregabalin in human plasma by electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectroscopy.
2010 Jul
A rapid and most sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of alverine and its major metabolite, para hydroxy alverine, in human plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study.
2010 Jun
[A case report of alverine-citrate-induced acute hepatitis].
2010 Mar
Patents

Patents

US20040147443A1
3
US6335368B1
3

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
Alverine citrate 60 mg capsules: 1 or 2 capsules one to three times daily
Route of Administration: Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
30 μg/ml alverine citrate can enhance the cytotoxic effects of MG132 on breast cancer cells.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
Record UNII
8K3R1YUZ4I
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
ALVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Common Name English
N-ETHYL-3,3'-DIPHENYLDIPROPYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Common Name English
ALVERINE HCL
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NCI_THESAURUS C29698
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
NCI_THESAURUS C66880
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
Code System Code Type Description
MESH
C010846
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID90904503
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
80086
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C97966
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
227-793-8
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
5982-87-6
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
8K3R1YUZ4I
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:19:06 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
Structure of ALVERINE
PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE
Related Record Type Details
Structure of ALVERINE
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