COPPER

First marketed in 1921

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	Cu
Molecular Weight	63.546
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[Cu]

InChI

InChIKey=RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/Cu

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	Cu
Molecular Weight	63.546
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/018680s066lbl.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68003300

COPPER is a heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu. It is commonly used in contraceptive intrauterine devices (IUD) which birth control effectiveness is enhanced by COPPER continuously released into the uterine cavity. Mechanism(s) by which COPPER enhances contraceptive efficacy include interference with sperm transport and fertilization of an egg, and possibly prevention of implantation.

Approval Year

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Pregnancy prevention 1 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12158549	Preventing		Approved 8583	CU-7 Approved Use Unknown

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Metallothionein is crucial for safe intracellular copper storage and cell survival at normal and supra-physiological exposure levels.	2004-03-01	14627437
Copper-inducible transcription: regulation by metal- and oxidative stress-responsive pathways.	2004-02	14576086
Actin and microtubule regulation of trans-Golgi network architecture, and copper-dependent protein transport to the cell surface.	2003-12-12	14668139
Identification of metal-binding proteins in human hepatoma lines by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry.	2003-12	14534351
Copper chelation delays the onset of prion disease.	2003-11-21	14519758
Copper deficiency increases iron absorption in the rat.	2003-11	12760904
Prion, amyloid beta-derived Cu(II) ions, or free Zn(II) ions support S-nitroso-dependent autocleavage of glypican-1 heparan sulfate.	2003-10-03	12732622
Gene expression in the liver of Long-Evans cinnamon rats during the development of hepatitis.	2003-10	14574444
Copper modulates the degradation of copper chaperone for Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase by the 26 S proteosome.	2003-09-12	12832419
Mechanisms of biosynthesis of mammalian copper/zinc superoxide dismutase.	2003-08-29	12815046
Redox labile site in a Zn4 cluster of Cu4,Zn4-metallothionein-3.	2003-08-19	12911326
Expression of normal cellular prion protein (PrP(c)) on T lymphocytes and the effect of copper ion: Analysis by wild-type and prion protein gene-deficient mice.	2003-08-08	12878182
Changes in protein expression profiles in bivalve molluscs (Chamaelea gallina) exposed to four model environmental pollutants.	2003-08	12923779
The copper export pump ATP7B modulates the cellular pharmacology of carboplatin in ovarian carcinoma cells.	2003-08	12869652
Copper induces the expression of cholesterogenic genes in human macrophages.	2003-07	12860252
Protective action of CLA against oxidative inactivation of paraoxonase 1, an antioxidant enzyme.	2003-06	12934671
Female rats are protected against oxidative stress during copper deficiency.	2003-06	12805251
In vitro effect of metal ions on the activity of two amphibian glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases: potential metal binding sites.	2003-06	12798935
Structure of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein copper binding domain. A regulator of neuronal copper homeostasis.	2003-05-09	12611883
Thioredoxin peroxidases can foster cytoprotection or cell death in response to different stressors: over- and under-expression of thioredoxin peroxidase in Drosophila cells.	2003-05-01	12556226
Intracellular metal ion chelators inhibit TNFalpha-induced SP-1 activation and adhesion molecule expression in human aortic endothelial cells.	2003-03-15	12633744
Copper-stimulated endocytosis and degradation of the human copper transporter, hCtr1.	2003-03-14	12501239
Expression of prion protein increases cellular copper binding and antioxidant enzyme activities but not copper delivery.	2003-03-14	12500977
The PrP-like protein Doppel binds copper.	2003-03-14	12482851
Copper-deficient rat embryos are characterized by low superoxide dismutase activity and elevated superoxide anions.	2003-03	12604640
Gastrointestinal symptoms and blood indicators of copper load in apparently healthy adults undergoing controlled copper exposure.	2003-03	12600855
Copper-binding proteins in human erythrocytes: searching for potential biomarkers of copper over-exposure.	2003-03	12572671
Copper reduction by copper binding proteins and its relation to neurodegenerative diseases.	2003-03	12572668
Identification of novel mutations and the three most common mutations in the human ATP7B gene of Korean patients with Wilson disease.	2003-01-25	12544487
Copper deficiency induces the upregulation of the copper chaperone for Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in weanling male rats.	2003-01	12514262
Mutation analysis of copper transporter genes in patients with ethylmalonic encephalopathy, mitochondriopathies and copper deficiency phenotypes.	2003	12872841
The copper chelator trientine has an antiangiogenic effect against hepatocellular carcinoma, possibly through inhibition of interleukin-8 production.	2002-12-10	12432545
Copper-regulated trafficking of the Menkes disease copper ATPase is associated with formation of a phosphorylated catalytic intermediate.	2002-11-29	12228238
A conditional mutation affecting localization of the Menkes disease copper ATPase. Suppression by copper supplementation.	2002-11-15	12221109
Contribution of superoxide to reduced antioxidant activity of glycoxidative serum albumin.	2002-11	12434198
Metalloenzyme-like activity of Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid. Cu-dependent catalytic conversion of dopamine, cholesterol, and biological reducing agents to neurotoxic H(2)O(2).	2002-10-25	12192006
Characterization of mouse embryonic cells deficient in the ctr1 high affinity copper transporter. Identification of a Ctr1-independent copper transport system.	2002-10-25	12177073
Copper-transporting P-type adenosine triphosphatase (ATP7B) as a cisplatin based chemoresistance marker in ovarian carcinoma: comparative analysis with expression of MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, LRP and BCRP.	2002-10-10	12216079
Structure and dynamics of copper-free SOD: The protein before binding copper.	2002-10	12237469
Effects of copper on the expression of metal transporters in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.	2002-09-11	12220667
Correlation between automated writing movements and striatal dopaminergic innervation in patients with Wilson's disease.	2002-08	12195459
Metal- and tissue-dependent relationship between metallothionein mRNA and protein.	2002-07-15	12140172
Photosensitized paraquat-induced structural alterations and free radical mediated fragmentation of serum albumin.	2002-07	12167315
Fibrillar inclusions and motor neuron degeneration in transgenic mice expressing superoxide dismutase 1 with a disrupted copper-binding site.	2002-07	12127151
A distinct Cu(4)-thiolate cluster of human metallothionein-3 is located in the N-terminal domain.	2002-06	12072966
Human kidney diamine oxidase: heterologous expression, purification, and characterization.	2002-06	12072962
Nuclear proteins that bind to metal response element a (MREa) in the Wilson disease gene promoter are Ku autoantigens and the Ku-80 subunit is necessary for basal transcription of the WD gene.	2002-04	11985593
Differential regulation of the two metallothionein genes in common carp.	2002	12371614
Copper enhances isoproterenol toxicity in isolated rat cardiomyocytes: effects on oxidative stress.	2001	12213972
The determination of copper in biological materials by flame spectrophotometry.	1962-03	14479334

Patents

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:07:04 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 18:07:04 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	789U1901C5
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

CI 77400

Preferred Name

English

COPPER

Systematic Name

English

COPPER POWDER

Preferred Name

English

BRONZE POWDER

Preferred Name

English

COLOUR INDEX 77400 (COPPER POWDER)

Common Name

English

Copper [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

CUPRUM METALLICUM

Common Name

English

COPPER [HSDB]

Common Name

English

COPPER [VANDF]

Common Name

English

COPPER, METALLIC

Common Name

English

COLOUR INDEX 77400 (BRONZE POWDER)

Common Name

English

C.I. 77400

Common Name

English

COPPER [MART.]

Common Name

English

C.I. PIGMENT METAL

Common Name

English

COSMETIC BRONZE POWDER VP-1

Brand Name

English

COPPER [MI]

Common Name

English

CUPRUM METALLICUM [HPUS]

Common Name

English

COPPER, ELEMENTAL

Common Name

English

CU-7

Brand Name

English

COPPER [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

COSMETIC COPPER POWDER VP-1

Brand Name

English

PLASTIC IUD WITH COPPER

Common Name

English

PARAGARD T 380A

Brand Name

English

TATUM-T

Brand Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NDF-RT

N0000175830