Details
| Stereochemistry | UNKNOWN |
| Molecular Formula | C17H26NO3.Cl |
| Molecular Weight | 327.846 |
| Optical Activity | ( + ) |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[Cl-].C[NH+](C)CCOC(=O)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2(O)CCCC2
InChI
InChIKey=RHKZVMUBMXGOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C17H25NO3.ClH/c1-18(2)12-13-21-16(19)15(14-8-4-3-5-9-14)17(20)10-6-7-11-17;/h3-5,8-9,15,20H,6-7,10-13H2,1-2H3;1H
| Molecular Formula | C17H26NO3 |
| Molecular Weight | 292.3932 |
| Charge | 1 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
| Molecular Formula | Cl |
| Molecular Weight | 35.453 |
| Charge | -1 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68003519
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68003519
Cyclopentolate (cyclopentolate hydrochloride) is a parasympatholytic anticholinergic used solely to obtain mydriasis or cycloplegia. This anticholinergic preparation blocks the responses of the sphincter muscle of the iris and the accommodative muscle of the ciliary body to cholinergic stimulation, producing pupillary dilation (mydriasis) and paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia). It acts rapidly, but has a shorter duration than atropine. Maximal cycloplegia occurs within 25 to 75 minutes after instillation. Complete recovery of accommodation usually takes 6 to 24 hours. Complete recovery from mydriasis in some individuals may require several days. Heavily pigmented irides may require more doses than lightly pigmented irides.
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2094109 |
10.0 nM [IC50] |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnostic | PENTOLAIR Approved UseCyclopentolate Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution is used to produce mydriasis and cycloplegia in diagnostic procedures. Launch Date1994 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2.8 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8512760 |
2 drop single, ocular dose: 2 drop route of administration: Ocular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CYCLOPENTOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
324 ng × min/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8512760 |
2 drop single, ocular dose: 2 drop route of administration: Ocular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CYCLOPENTOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
112 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8512760 |
2 drop single, ocular dose: 2 drop route of administration: Ocular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CYCLOPENTOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
1 % 1 times / 5 min multiple, topical Overdose Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Sources: |
unknown, 90 days |
Other AEs: Vomiting, Cyanosis... |
2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
Other AEs: Ataxia, Disorder speech... Other AEs: Ataxia Sources: Disorder speech Restlessness Hallucinations Hyperactivity Seizures Confusion and disorientation Other specified visual disturbances |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cyanosis | 1 % 1 times / 5 min multiple, topical Overdose Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Sources: |
unknown, 90 days |
|
| Respiratory distress | 1 % 1 times / 5 min multiple, topical Overdose Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Sources: |
unknown, 90 days |
|
| Vomiting | 1 % 1 times / 5 min multiple, topical Overdose Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Sources: |
unknown, 90 days |
|
| Ataxia | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
|
| Confusion and disorientation | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
|
| Disorder speech | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
|
| Hallucinations | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
|
| Hyperactivity | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
|
| Other specified visual disturbances | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
|
| Restlessness | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
|
| Seizures | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Sources: |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| [Neurotoxic effects induced by the topical administration of cycloplegics. A case report and review of the literature]. | 2006-11-14 |
|
| [Comparative study of cyclopentolate drops versus spray in cycloplegia in children]. | 2006-10 |
|
| Cataract surgery management in patients taking tamsulosin staged approach. | 2006-10 |
|
| Controls required to assess IOL movement during accommodation. | 2006-10 |
|
| Toxic keratolysis from combined use of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs and topical steroids following vitreoretinal surgery. | 2006-09-05 |
|
| Part-time occlusion therapy for anisometropic amblyopia detected in children eight years of age and older. | 2006-09 |
|
| Performance of the crystalens. | 2006-09 |
|
| Refractive error and patterns of spectacle use in 12-year-old Australian children. | 2006-09 |
|
| Pseudophakic accommodation and pseudoaccommodation under physiological conditions measured with partial coherence interferometry. | 2006-08 |
|
| Cataractous changes due to posterior chamber flattening with a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens secondary to the administration of pilocarpine. | 2006-08 |
|
| Changes in astigmatism in children with congenital nystagmus. | 2006-08 |
|
| Analysis of patients with good uncorrected distance and near vision after monofocal intraocular lens implantation. | 2006-07 |
|
| Correctable and non-correctable visual impairment in a population-based sample of 12-year-old Australian children. | 2006-07 |
|
| A comparison of autorefraction and subjective refraction with and without cycloplegia in primary school children. | 2006-07 |
|
| Factors associated with childhood strabismus: findings from a population-based study. | 2006-07 |
|
| Effects of mydriatics on intraocular pressure and pupil size in the normal feline eye. | 2006-06-15 |
|
| A preoperative mixture of anesthetic jelly, dilating drops, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatories for cataract surgery. | 2006-06-06 |
|
| Accommodative spasm after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). | 2006-06 |
|
| The effect of phenylephrine and cyclopentolate on objective wavefront measurements. | 2006-05 |
|
| Cataract surgery by appointment--a pilot study. | 2006-04-20 |
|
| Pseudallescheria boydii keratitis. | 2006-04-08 |
|
| Macular star associated with Behçet disease. | 2006-04 |
|
| Safety of intracameral mydriasis in phacoemulsification cataract surgery. | 2006-03 |
|
| Defining myopia using refractive error and uncorrected logMAR visual acuity >0.3 from 1334 Singapore school children ages 7-9 years. | 2006-03 |
|
| Pseudophakic accommodation with 2 models of foldable intraocular lenses. | 2006-02 |
|
| Pharmacological-induced haptic changes and the accommodative performance in patients with the AT-45 accommodative IOL. | 2006-02 |
|
| Redilatation with intracameral mydriatics in phacoemulsification surgery. | 2006-02 |
|
| Higher-order aberrations in children. | 2006-01 |
|
| Optical biometry of the anterior eye segment: interexaminer and intraexaminer reliability of ACMaster. | 2005-12 |
|
| Cholinergic innervation of the mouse isolated vas deferens. | 2005-12 |
|
| Axial growth and changes in lenticular and corneal power during emmetropization in infants. | 2005-09 |
|
| Lack of efficacy of dilated screening for retinoblastoma. | 2005-08-27 |
|
| Effect of (+) or (-) camphorsulfonic acid additives to the mobile phase on enantioseparations of some basic drugs on a Chiralcel OD column. | 2005-08-12 |
|
| Drug-induced intraocular lens movement and near visual acuity after AcrySof intraocular lens implantation. | 2005-07 |
|
| Accuracy of a new photo-refractometer in young and adult patients. | 2005-07 |
|
| Comparison of mydriatic regimens used in screening for retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants with dark irides. | 2005-06-28 |
|
| Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the rat eye: effects of cholinergic and anticholinergic agents. | 2005-05 |
|
| Comparison of tropicamide and cyclopentolate for cycloplegic refractions in myopic adult refractive surgery patients. | 2005-04 |
|
| Stimulus-driven versus pilocarpine-induced biometric changes in pseudophakic eyes. | 2005-03 |
|
| Feasibility of ambulatory overnight oximetry in consecutive patients in a dementia clinic. | 2005-03 |
|
| Potentially accommodating intraocular lenses--an in vitro and in vivo study using three-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound. | 2005-02-24 |
|
| Quantitative determination of pharmaceuticals using nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry after reversed phase mini-solid phase extraction. | 2005-02-23 |
|
| Indocyanine green angiography in ocular tuberculosis. | 2004-12 |
|
| The effects of cyclopentolate on intraocular pressure and retrobulbar hemodynamics in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. | 2004-10-28 |
|
| Refractive astigmatism and the toricity of ocular components in human infants. | 2004-10 |
|
| Comparative study on the safety and efficacy of different cycloplegic agents in children with darkly pigmented irides. | 2004-10 |
|
| Parameters of drug antagonism: re-examination of two modes of functional competitive drug antagonism on intraocular muscles. | 2004-08 |
|
| Angioedema related to the use of hyaluronidase in cataract surgery. | 2004-07 |
|
| Cycloplegic and mydriatic agents for routine ophthalmologic examination: a survey of pediatric ophthalmologists. | 2004-06 |
|
| The effect of off-the-visual-axis retinoscopy on objective refractive measurement. | 2004-06 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Instill one or two drops of 1% solution in the eye which may be repeated in five to ten minutes if necessary. Complete recovery usually occurs in 24 hours. Complete recovery from mydriasis in some individuals may require several days.
Route of Administration:
Other
Cultured human corneal epithelial cells showed high-affinity, specific binding to the muscarinic cholinergic antagonist, 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate (3H-QNB). The binding sites had a dissociation constant of 3.9 nM and a maximal binding capacity of 880 fmol bound/mg protein. Other muscarinic antagonists (cyclopentolate and atropine) effectively competed for binding with 3H-QNB at low concentrations (IC50 = 10 nM).
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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Edited
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| Record UNII |
6D6X07D6BN
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| Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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| Record Version |
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6D6X07D6BN
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60452-46-2
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262-242-5
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RACEMATE -> ENANTIOMER |
