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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula 2K.O
Molecular Weight 94.196
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of POTASSIUM OXIDE

SMILES

[O--].[K+].[K+]

InChI

InChIKey=CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/2K.O/q2*+1;-2

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Molecular Formula HO
Molecular Weight 17.0073
Charge -1
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE
Molecular Formula K
Molecular Weight 39.0983
Charge 1
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/sodium_ion | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5107832 | https://www.drugs.com/pro/kayexalate.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2907018

Sodium is the primary cation (positive ion) in extracellular fluids in animals and humans. Sodium ions are necessary for regulation of blood and body fluids, transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and certain metabolic functions. Physiologically, it exists as an ion in the body. Sodium is needed by animals, which maintain high concentrations in their blood and extracellular fluids, but the ion is not needed by plants. The human requirement for sodium in the diet is less than 500 mg per day, which is typically less than a tenth as much as many diets "seasoned to taste. " Most people consume far more sodium than is physiologically needed. For certain people with salt-sensitive blood pressure, this extra intake may cause a negative effect on health.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

1921
1467
Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Substrate
661
Substrate
661
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Approved
8429
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE

Approved Use

Used as a softener for nail grooves. Also used as a slide medium in Potassium Hydroxide preparations. Apply to nail in office.

Launch Date

1.27915196E12
Primary
Phase II
1132
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Primary
Phase III
656
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Primary
Phase II
1132
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Primary
Approved
8429
Kayexalate

Approved Use

INDICATION AND USAGE Kayexalate is indicated for the treatment of hyperkalemia.

Launch Date

-3.65299204E11
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Cholangiocytes express the aquaporin CHIP and transport water via a channel-mediated mechanism.
1994 Dec 20
Cloning and functional expression of a new water channel abundantly expressed in the testis permeable to water, glycerol, and urea.
1997 Aug 15
Induction of aquaporin 3 by corticosteroid in a human airway epithelial cell line.
1997 Nov
Reactive oxygen species regulate macrophage scavenger receptor type I, but not type II, in the human monocytic cell line THP-1.
1998 Jun
Cloning and functional expression of a new aquaporin (AQP9) abundantly expressed in the peripheral leukocytes permeable to water and urea, but not to glycerol.
1998 Mar 6
Molecular characterization of a broad selectivity neutral solute channel.
1998 Sep 18
Aquaporin-1 is expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells and mediates rapid water transport across vascular cell membranes.
1999 Sep-Oct
Role of aquaporin water channels in pleural fluid dynamics.
2000 Dec
Cloning and functional expression of an MIP (AQP0) homolog from killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) lens.
2001 Dec
Different protective roles in vitro of alpha- and beta-domains of growth inhibitory factor (GIF) on neuron injuries caused by oxygen free radicals.
2001 Dec 5
Erythrocyte water permeability and renal function in double knockout mice lacking aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-3.
2001 Jan 5
Cr (VI) increases tyrosine phosphorylation through reactive oxygen species-mediated reactions.
2001 Jun
In vivo evidence for accelerated generation of hydroxyl radicals in liver of Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats with acute hepatitis.
2001 Mar 1
NKCC activity restores muscle water during hyperosmotic challenge independent of insulin, ERK, and p38 MAPK.
2003 Mar
Interactions of growth inhibitory factor with hydroxyl and superoxide radicals.
2003 Sep
Role of reactive oxygen species and Cr(VI) in Ras-mediated signal transduction.
2004 Jan
Reversible silencing of CFTR chloride channels by glutathionylation.
2005 Feb
Effect of dioxane on the structure and hydration-dehydration of alpha-chymotrypsin as measured by FTIR spectroscopy.
2005 Jun 15
The mineralocorticoid receptor: a journey exploring its diversity and specificity of action.
2005 Sep
Heat shock-induced attenuation of hydroxyl radical generation and mitochondrial aconitase activity in cardiac H9c2 cells.
2006 Feb
Cloning and characterization of porcine aquaporin 1 water channel expressed extensively in gastrointestinal system.
2006 Feb 21
Mechanisms of disease: the role of GRK4 in the etiology of essential hypertension and salt sensitivity.
2006 Nov
Redox silencing of copper in metal-linked neurodegenerative disorders: reaction of Zn7metallothionein-3 with Cu2+ ions.
2007 Jun 1
Gill membrane remodeling with soft-water acclimation in zebrafish (Danio rerio).
2007 Jun 19
Tobramycin-induced aquagenic wrinkling of the palms in a patient with cystic fibrosis.
2009 Jul
Ferritin enhances salsolinol-mediated DNA strand breakage: protection by carnosine and related compounds.
2009 Jul 10
Expression and functional characterization of four aquaporin water channels from the European eel (Anguilla anguilla).
2009 Sep 1
Molecular mechanisms of how mercury inhibits water permeation through aquaporin-1: understanding by molecular dynamics simulation.
2010 Apr 21
Aquaporins in the human testis and spermatozoa - identification, involvement in sperm volume regulation and clinical relevance.
2010 Aug 1
Redox cycling and increased oxygen utilization contribute to diquat-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase.
2011 Apr 1
Endothelins decrease the expression of aquaporins and plasma membrane water permeability in cultured rat astrocytes.
2011 Mar
Enhanced expression of heme oxygenase-1 and carbon monoxide excitatory effects in oxytocin and vasopressin neurones during water deprivation.
2012 Apr
Estrogen prevents increased hepatic aquaporin-9 expression and glycerol uptake during starvation.
2012 Feb 1
Effects of flavored mineral waters on AhR-CYP1A1 signaling pathway in primary human hepatocytes and in human hepatic and intestinal cancer cells.
2012 Jun
A novel aquaporin 3 in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) is not an arsenic channel.
2012 May
Water restriction increases renal inner medullary manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).
2012 Sep
Patents

Patents

03930837
22
03931170
10
03931193
12
03931205
82
03931226
16
03931231
17
03931247
15
03932424
12
03932446
10
03932452
10
03932471
13
03932472
94
03932521
29
03932629
11
03933865
12
03933905
18
03933911
10
03934070
10
03937702
41
03937705
11
03937719
10
03937729
10
03937764
10
03939157
10
03939202
15
03940396
10
03940419
12
03941796
50
03941799
14
03941884
10
03943145
12
03943170
10
03943180
12
03946000
40
03946045
11
03947406
32
03947408
15
03947580
12
03950331
20
03950382
10
03950420
10
03950425
13
03952012
15
03952017
13
03952050
12
03952067
11
03953434
43
03953525
11
03953596
12
03954476
17
03954774
11
03954801
15
03956118
10
03956321
10
03959289
11
03970704
12
04002647
12
04008269
12
04029867
10
04128728
11
04134924
10
04136188
10
04511731
10
04532240
10
04568497
11
04691042
10
04826533
11
04844879
10
05187175
10
05302718
13
05403930
11
05527805
11
05556855
13
05607951
10
05658926
10
06156430
10
06649600
13
06703082
10
07250518
10
07354941
35
07494728
11
07655666
10
08012988
10
08436001
13
08481733
14
08501238
10
08513268
10
08614206
10
08669361
12
08741915
12
20030186989
11
20080153836
11
20090120802
11
20090286768
10
20100144747
11
20110251176
10
20110294818
10
20120208817
10
20130079321
10
20130203732
10
20130217666
10
7820025
11

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
10% Potassium Hydroxide
Route of Administration: Topical
In Vitro Use Guide
Unknown
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
Edited
by admin
on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
Record UNII
58D606078H
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
POTASSIUM OXIDE
INCI  
INCI  
Official Name English
POTASSIUM OXIDE [INCI]
Common Name English
DIPOTASSIUM MONOXIDE
Common Name English
POTASSIUM OXIDE (K2O)
Common Name English
DIPOTASSIUM OXIDE
Common Name English
Code System Code Type Description
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
235-227-6
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
12136-45-7
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
9989219
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
RXCUI
1599267
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY RxNorm
FDA UNII
58D606078H
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
MESH
C068440
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
POTASSIUM OXIDE
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
88321
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID3049754
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
58D606078H
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:13:15 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
NIH
NCATS
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